Abstract
Moderately concentrated, highly coloured natural water was fractionated on Sephadex G-100 columns with distilled water. The applied fractionation procedure produces elution profiles where colloidal and truly dissolved materials are clearly distinguished. The particulate fraction which cannot penetrate the dextran gel bed was calculated from the difference between the predicted and observed yield of gel filtration. The coloured material of polyhumic waters investigated was thus separated into particulate and colloidal (light scattering, iron containing), and truly dissolved (no light scattering, fluorescent) fractions with characteristic distribution patterns in creeks and lakes. The vertical distribution of particles, colloids, and dissolved material in the main lake basin indicated a heterogenous stratification of the three fractions.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Cameron, R. S., Swift, R. S., Thornton, B. K., Posner, A. M., 1972. Calibration of gel permeation chromatography material for use with humic acid. J. Soil Sci. 23: 342–349.
Ghassemi, M., Christman, R. F., 1968. Properties of the yellow acids of natural waters. Limnol. Oceanogr. 13: 583–597.
Gjessing, E. T., 1965. Use of ‘Sephadex’ gel for the estimation of molecular weight of humic substances in natural water. Nature 208: 1091–1092.
Gjessing, E. T., 1976. Physical and Chemical Characteristics of Aquatic Humus. Ann Arbor Science, Michigan.
de Haan, H., 1972. Some structural and geological studies on soluble humic compounds from Tjeukemeer. Verh. int. Ver. Limnol. 18: 685–695.
de Haan, de Boer, T., 1979. Seasonal variation of fulvic acids, amino acids, and sugars in Tjeukemeer, The Netherlands. Arch. Hydrobiol. 85: 30–40.
de Haan, H., de Boer, T., Halma, G., 1981. Curie point pyrolysis mass-spectrometry of fulvic acids from Tjeukemeer, The Netherlands. Freshwat. Biol. 9: 315–317.
Jackson, T. A., 1975. Humic matter in natural waters and sediments. Soil Sci. 19: 56–69.
Koenings, J. P., Hooper, F. F., 1976. The influence of colloidal organic matter on iron and iron-phosphorus cycling in an acid bog lake. Limnol. Oceanogr. 21: 684–696.
Lehmusluoto, P. O., Ryhänen, R., 1972. Lake Hakojärvi, a polyhumic lake in Southern Finland. Verh. int. Ver. Limnol. 18: 403–408.
Lock, M. A., Wallis, P. M., Hynes, H. B. N., 1977. Colloidal organic carbon in running waters. Oikos 29: 1–4.
Mantoura, R. F. C., Riley, J. P., 1975. The use of gel filtration in the study of metal binding of humic acids and related compounds. Analyt Chem. Acta 78: 193–200.
Means, J. L., Crerar, D. A., Amster, J. L., 1977. Application of gel filtration chromatography to evaluation of organo- metallic interactions in natural waters. Limnol. Oceanogr. 22: 957–965.
Pennanen, V., 1975. Humus fractions and their distribution in some lakes in Finland. In: Povoldeo, D., Golterman, H. L. (eds.) Proc. Int. Meet. Humic Substances, Nieuwersluis 1972, Pudoc, Wageningen. pp. 207–215.
Pennanen, V., Sederholm, H., 1974. The fluorescence activity of gelfractionated lake waters of different colour values. Aqua fenn.: 3–7.
Povoledo, D., 1964. Some comparative physical and chemical studies on soil and lacustrine organic matter. Mem. 1st. Ital. Idrobiol. 17: 21–32.
Salo, A., Saxen, R., 1974. On the role of humic substances in the transport of radionuclides. Report SFL - A 20. Institute of Radiation Physics, Helsinki.
Salonen, K., 1979. A versatile method for the rapid and accurate determination of carbon by high temperature combustion. Limnol. Oceanogr. 24: 177–183.
Schnitzer, M., Khan, S. U., 1972. Humic Substances in the Environment. Marcel Dekker, New York.
Shapiro, J., 1967. Yellow organic acids of lake water: differences in their composition and behaviour. In: Golterman, H. L., Clymo, R. S. (eds.), Chemical Environment in the Aquatic Habitat, pp. 202–216. Proc. of an I. B.P. Symp. Amsterdam and Nieuwersluis 1966, Amsterdam.
Sharp, J. H., 1973. Size classes of organic carbon in seawater. Limnol. Oceanogr. 18: 441–447.
Stabel, H-H., 1978. Zur Molekulargewichtverteilung gelöster organischer Moleküle in verschiedenen Oberflächenge wässern. Arch. Hydrobiol. 82: 88–97.
Stewart, A. J., Wetzel, R. G., 1980. Fluorescence: absorbance ratios - a molecular weight tracer of dissolved organic matter. Limnol. Oceanogr. 25: 559–564.
Söchtig, H., 1966. Zur Fraktionierung von Humusstoffen durch Gelfiltration. Landbauforsch. Völkenrode 16: 25–30.
Tambo, N., Kamei, T., 1978. Treatability evaluation of general organic matter. Matrix conception and its application for a regional water and waste water system. Water Res. 12: 931–950.
Urano, K., Katagiri, K., Kawamoto, K., 1980. Characteristics of gel chromatography using Sephadex gel for the fractionation of soluble organic pollutants. Water Res. 14: 741–745.
Wetzel, R. G., Likens, G. E., 1979. Limnological analyses. W. B. Saunders, Philadelphia.
Wetzel, R. G., Otsuki, A., 1974. Allochtonous organic carbon of a marl lake. Arch. Hydrobiol. 73: 31–56.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1982 Dr W. Junk Publishers, The Hague
About this paper
Cite this paper
Pennanen, V. (1982). Seasonal and spatial distribution of humus fractions in a chain of polyhumic lakes in southern Finland. In: Ilmavirta, V., Jones, R.I., Persson, PE. (eds) Lakes and Water Management. Developments in Hydrobiology 7, vol 7. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-8003-7_10
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-8003-7_10
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-009-8005-1
Online ISBN: 978-94-009-8003-7
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive