Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Epidemiology of Large Bowel Cancer

  • Chapter
Epidemiology of Cancer of the Digestive Tract

Part of the book series: Developments in Oncology ((DION,volume 6))

Abstract

Prior to the 1960s, large-bowel cancer received little attention from epidemiologists. The turning point in the epidemiology of large-bowel cancer came with the systematic compilation of incidence data from cancer registries throughout the world. While these efforts were antedated by Segi’s compilations of cancer mortality statistics beginning with 1950, which described sizable gradients in large-bowel cancer death rates, the mortality data had been discounted on the grounds that the contrasts were inflated by intercountry differences in diagnostic and treatment facilities and death certification practices. This attitude began to change when the data in the first edition of ‘Cancer incidence in five continents’ (1) proved to be consistent with the mortality findings. Within a short time span, the concept of substantial intercountry variation in large-bowel cancer risk gained wide acceptance as a prime epidemiologic characteristic of this disease. This feature was stressed at the meeting of the International Working Party of the World Organization of Gastroenterology in 1963, which also noted differences in the presentation of tumors by anatomical segment in high- and low-risk populations (2). The international comparisons pointing to environmental factors as important risk determinants have been reinforced by observations that showed migrants coming to the United States from low-risk European countries and Japan to acquire within their lifetime the high risks characteristic of the host population of US whites (3, 4).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Doll R, Payne P, Waterhouse J (eds): Cancer incidence in five continents, Vol. I. Tech Rep Int Union Against Cancer. Geneva: UICC, 1966.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Boyd J. Landman M, Doll R: The epidemiology of gastrointestinal cancer with special reference to causation. Gut 5: 196–200, 1964.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Haenszel W: Cancer mortality among the foreign-born in the United States. J Natl Cancer Inst 26: 37–132, 1961.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Haenszel W, Kurihara M: Mortality from cancer and other diseases among Japanese in the United States. J Natl Cancer Inst 40: 43–68, 1968.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Helwig EB: The evolution of adenomas of the large intestine and their relation to carcinoma. Surg Gynecol Obstet 84: 36119, 1947.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Correa P, Duque E, Cuello C, Haenszel W: Polyps of the colon and rectum in Cali, Colombia. Int J Cancer 9: 86–96, 1972.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Wynder EL, Hyams L, Shigematsu T: Correlations of international cancer death rates: An epidemiological exercise. Cancer 20: 113–126, 1967.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Haenszel W, Correa P: Cancer of the colon and rectum and adenomatous polyps: A review of epidemiologic findings. Cancer 28: 14–24, 1971.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Bjelke E: Epidemiologic studies of cancer of the stomach, colon, and rectum; with special emphasis on the role of diet. Scand J Gastroenterol 9 (13): 1–235, 1974.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Waterhouse J, Muir C, Correa P, Powell J (eds): Cancer incidence in five continents, Vol. III. International Union Against Cancer. Geneva: UICC, 1976.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Segi M, Kurihara M: Cancer mortality for selected sites in 24 countries, No 6(1966–1967). Tokyo: Japan Cancer Society, 1972.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Dunham LJ, Bailar JC III: World maps of cancer mortality rates and frequency ratios. J Natl Cancer Inst 41: 141 203, 1968.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Higginson J, Oettle AG: Cancer incidence in the Bantu and ‘Cape Colored’ races of South Africa: Report of a cancer survey in the Transvaal (1953–55). J Natl Cancer Inst 24: 589–671, 1960.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Puffer RR, Griffith GW: Patterns of urban mortality. Sci Publ Pan Am Health Organ 151: 45–132, 1967.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Eisenberg H, Mork T, Connelly RR: Cancer of the large intestine and rectum: Comparative data from Connecticut and Norway, 1953–1958. Natl Cancer Inst Monogr 15: 301–319, 1964.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. de Jong UW, Day NE, Muir CS, Barclay THC, Bras G, Foster FH, Jussawalla DJ, Kurihara M, Linden G, Martinez I, Payne PM, Pedersen E,.Ringertz N, Shanmugaratnam K: The distribution of cancer within the large bowel. Int J Cancer 10: 463–477, 1972.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Jarvi O: A review of the part played by gastrointestinal heteropias in neoplasmogenesis. Proc Finn Acad Sci Lett 151–187, 1962.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Lauren P: The two histological main types of gastric carcinoma: diffuse and so-called intestinal-type carcinoma. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand 64: 31–59, 1965.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Cutler SJ, Young JL Jr (eds): Third national cancer survey: Incidence data. Natl Cancer Inst Monogr 41:1–454, 1975.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Cook PJ, Doll R, Fellingham SA: A mathematical model for the age distribution of cancer in man. Int J Cancer 4: 93–112, 1969.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Dorn HF, Cutler SJ: Morbidity from cancer in the United States, Parts I and II. US Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Public Health Monogr 56. Washington, DC, Supt Doc: US Govt Printing Office, 1959.

    Google Scholar 

  22. Burbank F (ed): Patterns in cancer mortality in the United States: 1950–1967. Natl Cancer Inst Monogr 33. Washington, DC, Supt Doc: US Govt Printing Office, 1971.

    Google Scholar 

  23. Haenszel W, Dawson EA: A note on mortality from cancer of the colon and rectum in the United States. Cancer 18: 265–272, 1965.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Teppo L, Hakama M, Hakulinen T, Lehtonen M, Saxén E: Cancer in Finland 1953–1970: Incidence, mortality, prevalence. Copenhagen: Munksgaard, 1975.

    Google Scholar 

  25. Mason TJ, McKay FW, Hoover R, Blot WJ, Fraumeni FJ Jr: Atlas of cancer mortality for U.S. counties: 1950–1969. Washington, DC: US Govt Printing Office, 1975.

    Google Scholar 

  26. Schwartz MK: Role of trace elements in cancer. Cancer Res 35: 3481–3487, 1975.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Shamberger RI, Frost DV: Possible inhibitory effect of selenium on human cancer. Can Med Assoc J 100: 682, 1969.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Steiner PE: Cancer: Race and geography. Baltimore, Maryland: Williams, Wilkins, 1954.

    Google Scholar 

  29. Lombard HL, Doering CR: Cancer studies in Massachusetts. Cancer mortality in nativity groups. J Prey Med 3: 343–361, 1929.

    Google Scholar 

  30. Lilienfeld AM, Levin ML, Kessler II: Cancer in the United States. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard Univ Press, 1972.

    Google Scholar 

  31. Staszewski J, McCall MG, Stenhouse NS: Cancer mortality in 1962–66 among Polish migrants to Australia. Br J Cancer 25: 599–710, 1971.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Smith RL: Recorded and expected mortality among Japanese of the United States and Hawaii, with special reference to cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 17: 459–473, 1956.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Staszewski J, Haenszel W: Cancer mortality among the Polish-born in the United States. J Natl Cancer Inst 35: 291–297, 1965.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Norwegian Cancer Society: Cancer Registration in Norway, 1953–1954, 1959.

    Google Scholar 

  35. Norwegian Cancer Society: Cancer Registration in Norway, 1959–1961, 1964.

    Google Scholar 

  36. Norwegian Cancer Society: Cancer Registration in Norway, 1969–71, 1973.

    Google Scholar 

  37. Clemmesen J: Statistical studies in malignant neoplasms, basic tables, Denmark, 1943–1957. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand, Suppl 174, 11, 1965.

    Google Scholar 

  38. Clemmesen J: Statistical studies in malignant neoplasms, testis cancer Denmark, 1958–1962. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand, Suppl 209, 111, 1969.

    Google Scholar 

  39. Clemmesen J: Statistical studies in malignant neoplasms, lung/bladder ratio, Denmark, 1943–1967. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand, Suppl 247, IV, 1974.

    Google Scholar 

  40. Connecticut State Dept of Health: Cancer in Connecticut - Incidence in rates, 1935–62, 1966.

    Google Scholar 

  41. Connecticut State Dept of Health: Annual reports, 1963–1968, 1969.

    Google Scholar 

  42. Connecticut State Dept of Health: Conn Health Bull 1–5, 1973.

    Google Scholar 

  43. Levin ML, Haenszel W, Carroll BJ, Gerhardt PR, Handy VH, Ingraham SC II: Cancer incidence in urban and rural areas of New York State. J Natl Cancer Inst 24: 1243–1257, 1960.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Doll R, Muir C, Waterhouse J (eds): Cancer incidence in five continents, Vol. II. New York: Int Union Against Cancer, 1970.

    Google Scholar 

  45. Registrar General of England and Wales: Registrar General’s statistical review of England and Wales - supplement on cancer, 1965, 1966–1967, 1968–1970. London: HM Stationery Office, 1971

    Google Scholar 

  46. Bjelke E: Epidemiologic studies of cancer of the stomach, colon, and rectum: with special emphasis on the role of diet, 1–5. Ann Arbor, Michigan: University microfilms, 1973.

    Google Scholar 

  47. Smith RL: Recorded and expected mortality among the Chinese in Hawaii and the United States with special reference to cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 17: 667–676, 1956.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  48. King H, Haenszel W: Cancer mortality among foreign-and native-born Chinese in the United States. J Chron Dis 26: 623–646, 1973.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Smith RL: Recorded and expected mortality among the Indians of the United States with special reference to cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 18: 385–396, 1957.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Creagan ET, Fraumeni JF Jr: Cancer mortality among American Indians, 1950–67. J Natl Cancer Inst 49: 959–967, 1972.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. New Mexico Tumor Registry: Cancer in New Mexico, 1969–72, 1975.

    Google Scholar 

  52. Registrar General of England and Wales: The Registrar General’s decennial supplement, England and Wales, 1921, 1931, 1951, 1961, Occupational mortality tables. London: HM Stationery Office, 1962.

    Google Scholar 

  53. Guralnick L: Vital statistics special reports, Vol 53, No 3. Washington, DC: US Govt Printing Office, 1963.

    Google Scholar 

  54. Clemmesen J, Nielsen A: Social distribution of cancer in Copenhagen, 1943. Brit J Cancer 5: 159–171, 1951.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. Haenszel W, Correa P, Cuello C: Social class differences among patients with large-bowel cancer in Cali, Colombia. J Natl Cancer Inst 54: 1031–1035, 1975.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. Aragón LA: Estimación del consumo de algunos alimentos bâsicos en la ciudad de Cali. Tesis de grado, Cali Universidad del Valle, Facultad de Ciencias Económicas, Cali, Colombia, 1964.

    Google Scholar 

  57. Pratt CB, Rivera G, Shanks E et al.: Colorectal carcinoma in adolescents: implications regarding etiology. Cancer 40(5) (Suppl): 2464–2472, 1977.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. Selikoff IJ, Hammond EC, Seidman H: Cancer risk of insulation workers in the U.S. IARC Sci Publ 8: 209–216, 1973.

    Google Scholar 

  59. MacMahon B: The ethnic distribution of cancer mortality in N.Y. City, 1955. Acto Unio Intern. Contra Cancrum 16: 1716–1724, 1960.

    Google Scholar 

  60. Newill VA: Distribution of cancer mortality among ethnic subgroups of the white population of N.Y. City, 1953–1958. J Natl Cancer Inst 26: 405–417.

    Google Scholar 

  61. Seidman H: Cancer mortality in N.Y. City for country of birth, religions and socioeconomic groups. Environ Res 4: 390–429, 1971.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. Greenwald P, Korns RF, Nasca PC, Wolfgang PE: Cancer in United States Jews. Cancer Res 35: 3507–3512, 1975.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  63. Enstrom JE: Cancer mortality among Mormons. Cancer 36: 825–841, 1975.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  64. Lyon JL, Klauber MR, Gardner JW, Smart CR: Cancer incidence in Mormons and non-Mormons: Utah 1966–1970. N Engl J Med 294: 129–133, 1976.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. Lemon FR, Walden RT, Wood RW: Cancer of the lung and mouth in Seventh-Day Adventists. Cancer 17: 486–497, 1964.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. Lemon FR, Walden RT: Death from respiratory system disease among Seventh-Day Adventist men. J Amer Med Assoc 198: 117–126, 1966.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  67. Phillips RL: Role of life-style and dietary habits in risk of cancer among Seventh-Day Adventists. Cancer Res 35: 3513–3522, 1975.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  68. Jussawalla DJ, Jain DK: Cancer incidence in Greater Bombay, 1970–1972. Indian Cancer Society - Bombay Cancer Registry, Bombay, 1976.

    Google Scholar 

  69. Wynder EL, Shigematsu T: Environmental factors of cancer of the colon and rectum. Cancer 20: 1520–1561, 1967.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  70. Doll R, Hill AB: Mortality in relation to smoking–Ten years’ observations of British doctors. Brit Med J 1: 1399–1410, 1964.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  71. Kahn HA: The Dorn study of smoking and mortality among U.S. veterans: Report on eight and one-half years of observation. In: Haenszel WM (ed): Epidemiological study of cancer and other chronic diseases. US. Dept of Heah”, Education, and Welfare, National Cancer Institute Monograph No 19. Washington, DC: US Govt Printing Office, 1966, pp 1–126.

    Google Scholar 

  72. Hammond EC: Smoking in relation to death rates of one million men and women. In: Haenszel W (ed): Epidemiological study of cancer and other chronic diseases. US Dept of Health, Education, and Welfare, National Cancer Institute Monograph No. 19. Washington DC: US Govt Printing Office, 1966, pp 127–204.

    Google Scholar 

  73. Breslow NE, Enstrom JE: Geographic correlations between cancer mortality rates and alcohol-tobacco consumption in the United States. J Natl Cancer Inst 53: 631–639, 1974.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  74. Stocks P: British Empire Cancer Campaign 35th Annual Report for 1957. Supplement to Part II, 156 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  75. Pernu J: An epidemiological study on cancer of the digestive organs and respiratory system–A study based on 7078 cases. Ann Med Intern Fenn 49 (33): 1–117, 1960.

    Google Scholar 

  76. Haenszel W, Berg JW, Segi M, Kurihara M, Locke FB: Large-bowel cancer in Hawaiian Japanese. J Natl Cancer Inst 51: 1765–1779, 1973.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  77. Higginson J: Etiological factors in gastrointestinal cancer in man. J Natl Cancer Inst 37: 527–545, 1966.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  78. Burkitt DP: Epidemiology of cancer of the colon and rectum. Cancer 28: 3–13, 1971.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  79. Gregor O, Toman R, Prusova F: Gastrointestinal cancer and nutrition. Gut 10: 1031–1034, 1969.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  80. Armstrong B, Doll R: Environmental factors and cancer incidence and mortality in different countries, with special reference to dietary practices. Int J Cancer 15: 617–631, 1975.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  81. Howell MA: Factor analysis of international cancer mortality data and per capita food consumption. Brit J Cancer 29: 328–336, 1974.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  82. Howell MA: Diet as an etiological factor in the development of cancers of the colon and rectum. J Chron Dis 28: 67–80, 1975.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  83. Wynder EL, Kajitani T, Ishakawa S, Dodo H, Takano A: Environmental factors of cancer of the colon and rectum. II. Japanese epidemiological data. Cancer 23: 1210–1220, 1969.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  84. Leveille GA: Issues on human nutrition and their probable impact on foods of animal origin. J Anim Sci 4: 723–731, 1975.

    Google Scholar 

  85. Enig MG, Munn RJ, Keeney M: Dietary fat and cancer trends–a critique. Fed Proc 37: 2215–2220, 1978.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  86. Liu K, Stamler J, Moss D, Garside D, Persky V, Soltero I: Dietary cholesterol, fat and fiber, and colon cancer mortality. Lancet 2: 782–785, 1979.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  87. Glober GA, Klein KL, Moore JO, Abba BC: Bowel transit times in two populations experiencing similar colon cancer risks. Lancet 2: 80–81, 1974.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  88. International Agency for Research on Cancer. Dietary fiber, transit time, fecal bacteria, steroids and colon cancer in 2 Scandinavian populations. Lancet 2: 207–211, 1977.

    Google Scholar 

  89. Graham S, Mettlin C: Diet and colon cancer. Am J Epidemiol 109: 1–20, 1979.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  90. Kagan A, Harris BR, Winkelstein W, Johnson KG, Kato H, Syme SL, Rhoads GC, Gay ML, Nichaman MZ, Hamilton HB, Tillotson J: Epidemiologic studies of coronary heart disease and stroke in Japanese living in Japan, Hawaii and California: demographic, physical, dietary and biochemical characteristics. J Chronic Dis 27: 345–364, 1974.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  91. Sommers SC: Abnormalities accompanying carcinomas of the large intestine. Dis Colon Rectum 7: 262–269, 1964.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  92. Fraumeni JF Jr, Lloyd JW, Smith EM, Wagoner JK: Cancer mortality among nuns: Role of marital status in etiology of neoplastic disease in women. J Nati Cancer Inst 42: 455–468, 1969.

    Google Scholar 

  93. Moertel CG: Multiple primary malignant neoplasms: their incidence and significance. Recent Results Cancer Res 7: 1–107, 1966.

    Google Scholar 

  94. Schoenberg BS, Greenberg RA, Eisenberg H: Occurrence of certain multiple primary cancers in females. J Natl Cancer Inst 43: 15–32, 1969.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  95. Schottenfeld D, Berg JW, Vitsky B: Incidence of multiple primary cancers. II. Index cancers arising in the stomach and lower digestive system. J Natl Cancer Inst 43: 77–86, 1969.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  96. Lynch HT, Shaw MW, Magnuson CW, Larsen AL, Krush AJ: Study of two large midwestern kindreds. Arch Intern Med 117: 206–212, 1966.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  97. Ceulemans G: Incidence familiale multiple du cancer du rectum. J Int Coll Surg 30: 649–652, 1958.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  98. Macklin MT:Inheritance of cancer of the stomach and large intestine in man. J Natl Cancer Inst 24:551–571, 1960.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  99. Peltokallio P, Peltokallio V: Relationship of familial factors to carcinoma of the colon. Dis Colon Rectum 9: 367–370, 1966.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  100. Woolf CM: A genetic study of carcinoma of the large intestine. Am J Hum Genet 10: 42–47, 1958.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  101. Lovett E: Family studies in cancer of the colon and rectum. Br J Surg 63: 13–18, 1976.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  102. Morson BC: Some peculiarities in the histology of intestinal polyps. Dis Colon Rectum 5: 337–341, 1962.

    Google Scholar 

  103. Lane N, Kaplan H, Pascal R: Minute adenomatous and hyperplastic polyps of the colon: divergent patterns of epithelial growth with specific associated mesenchymal changes. Gastroenterology 60: 537–551, 1971.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  104. Silverberg SG: Focally malignant adenomatous polyps of the colon and rectum. Surg Gynecol Obstet 131: 103–114, 1970.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  105. Ekelund G, Lindstrom C: Histopathological analysis of benign polyps in patients with carcinoma of the colon and rectum. Gut 15: 654–663, 1974.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  106. Berg JW: Can nutrition explain the patterns of international epidemiology of hormone-dependent cancers? Cancer Res 35: 3345–3350, 1975.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  107. Reddy BS, Sharma C, Darby L, Laakso K, Wynder EL: Metabolic epidemiology of large bowel cancer. Fecal mutagens in high-and low-risk populations for bowel cancer. Mutation Res 72: 511–522, 1980.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  108. Ehrich M, Aswell JE, Van Tassell RL, Wilkins TD, Walker ARP, Richardson NJ: Mutagens in the feces of 3 South-African populations at different levels of risk for colon cancer. Mutation Res 64: 231–240, 1979.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  109. Spingarn NE, Weisburger JH: Formation of mutagens in cooked foods. I. Beef. Cancer Letters 7: 259–264, 1979.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  110. Weisburger JH, Reddy BS, Hill P, Cohen LA, Wynder EL, Spingarn NE: Nutrition and cancer–on the mechanisms bearing on causes of cancer of the colon, breast, prostate, and stomach. Bull NY Acad Med 56: 673–696, 1980.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  111. Spingarn NE, Kasai H, Vuolo LL, Nishimura S, Yamaizumi Z, Sugimura T, Matsushima T, Weisburger JH: Formation of mutagens in cooked foods. III. Isolation of a potent mutagen from beef. Cancer Letters 9: 177–183, 1980.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  112. Reddy BS, Mastromarino A, Wynder EL: Further leads on metabolic epidemiology of large-bowel cancer. Cancer Res 35: 3403–3406, 1975.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. William Haenszel
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Pelayo Correa
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Louisiana State University Medical Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA

    Pelayo Correa (Professor of Pathology) (Professor of Pathology)

  2. Illinois Cancer Council, University of Illinois and Senior Epidemiologist, Chicago, Illinois, USA

    William Haenszel (Professor of Epidemiology) (Professor of Epidemiology)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1982 Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, The Hague

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Haenszel, W., Correa, P. (1982). Epidemiology of Large Bowel Cancer. In: Correa, P., Haenszel, W. (eds) Epidemiology of Cancer of the Digestive Tract. Developments in Oncology, vol 6. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-7502-6_4

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-7502-6_4

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-94-009-7504-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-009-7502-6

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation