Abstract
Embryologically, the colon can be divided into two parts. The right side of the colon and portions of the transverse colon originate from the mid-gut and receive their blood supply from the superior mesenteric artery. The bowel from the distal transverse colon through the rectum originates from the hind-gut and receives much of its blood supply from the inferior mesenteric artery, with some supply to the rectum coming from the internal iliac arteries. The arterial branches pierce the colon at select sites of defects in the muscle layer and end eventually in a capillary plexus.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsPreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Borg SA, Whitehouse GH, Griffiths GJ: A mobile calcified amputated appendix epiploica. AJR 127: 349–350, 1976.
Fenoglio CM, Kaye GI, Lane N: Distribution of human colonic lymphatics in normal, hyperplastic, and adenomatous tissue. Its relationship to metastasis from small carcinomas in pedunculated adenomas, with two case reports. Gastroenterology 64: 51–66, 1973.
Dassel PM: Innocuous filling of the intestinal glands of the colon during barium enema (spiculation) simulating organic disease. Radiology 78: 799–801, 1962.
Williams I: Innominate grooves in the surface of mucosa. Radiology 84: 877–880, 1965.
Matsuura K, Nakata H, Takeda N, Nakata S, Shimoda Y: Innominate lines of the colon. Radiological-histological correlation. Radiology 123: 581–584, 1977.
Cole FM: Innominate grooves of the colon: morphological characteristics and etiologic mechanisms. Radiology 128: 41 - 43, 1978.
Kelvin FM, Max RJ, Norton GA, Oddson TA, Rice RP, Thompson WM, Garbutt JT: Lymphoid follicular pattern of the colon in adults. AJR 133: 821–825, 1979.
Dukes C, Bussey HJR: The number of lymphoid follicles of the human large intestine. J Pathol Bacteriol 29: 111–116, 1926.
Riddlesberger MM Jr, Lebenthal E: Nodular colonic mucosa of childhood: normal or pathologic. Gastroenterology 79: 265–270, 1980.
Franken EA: Lymphoid hyperplasia of the colon. Radiology 94: 329–334, 1970.
Crooks DJM, Brown WR: The distribution of intestinal nodular lymphoid hyperplasia in immunoglobulin deficiency. Clin Radiol 31: 701–706, 1980.
Shaw EB, Hennigar GR: Intestinal lymphoid polyposis. Am J Clin Path 61: 417–422, 1974.
Capitano MA, Kirkpatrick J A: Lymphoid hyperplasia of the colon in children. Radiology 94: 323 - 327, 1970.
Theander G, Trägardh B: Lymphoid hyperplasia of the colon in childhood. Acta Radiol (Diagn) 17: 631–640, 1976.
Bargen JA, Wesson HR, Jackman RJ: Studies on the ileocecal junction (ileocecus). Surg Gynecol Obstet 71: 33–38, 1940.
Michels NA, Siddharth P, Kornblith PL, Parke WW: The variant blood supply to the small and large intestines: its import in regional resections. J Int Coll Surg 39: 127–170, 1963.
Meyers MA: Griffiths’ point: critical anastomosis at the splenic flexure. AJR 126: 77–94, 1976.
Griffiths JD: Surgical anatomy of the blood supply of the distal colon. Ann R Coll Surg 19: 241–256, 1956.
Drummond H: Some points relating to the surgical anatomy of the arterial supply of the large intestine. Proc R Soc Med 7: 185–193, 1913.
Kilpatrick ZM, Farman J, Yesner R, Spiro HM: Ischemic proctitis. JAMA 205: 74–80, 1968.
Miller RE, Chernish SM, Skucas J, Rosenak BD, Rodda BE: Hypotonic colon examination with glucagon. Radiology 113: 555–562, 1974.
Templeton AW: Colon sphincters simulating organic disease. Radiology 75: 237–241, 1960.
Ritchie J A: Movement of segmental constrictions in the human colon. Gut 12: 350–355, 1971.
Meyers MA, Volberg F, Katzen B, Abbott G: Haustral anatomy and pathology: a new look — I. Roentgen identification of normal patterns and relationships. Radiology 108: 497–504, 1973.
Balthazar EJ, Gade M: The normal and abnormal development of the appendix. Radiology 121: 599–604, 1976.
Collins DC: 71,000 human appendix specimens: a final report, summarizing forty years’ study. Am J Proctol 14:365–381, 1963.
Joffe N: Radiology of acute appendicitis and its complications. Crit Rev Clin Radiol 7: 97–160, 1975.
Wakely CPG: The position of the vermiform appendix as ascertained by an analysis of 10,000 cases. J Anat 67: 277–283, 1933.
Ekberg O: Cecal changes following appendectomy. Gas trointest Radiol 2: 57–60, 1977.
Lim MS: Gas-filled appendix: lack of diagnostic specificity. AJR 128: 209–210, 1977.
Short WF, Smith BD, Hoy RJ: Roentgenologic evaluation of the prominent or the unusual ileocecal valve. Med Radiogr Photogr 52: 2–26, 1976.
Selke AC, Jr., Jona JZ, Belin RP: Massive enlargement of the ileocecal valve due to lymphoid hyperplasia. AJR 127: 518–520, 1976.
Hatten HP Jr, Mostowycz L, Hagihara PF: Retrograde prolapse of the ileocecal valve. AJR 128: 755–757, 1977.
Ghahremani GG, Meyers MA: The cholecysto-colic relationships. A Roentgen-anatomic study of the colonic manifestations of gall bladder disorders. AJR 125: 21–34, 1975.
Chilaiditi D: Zur Frage der Hepatoptose und Ptose im Allgemeinen im Anschluss und drei Fälle von temporärer, partieller Leber Verlagerung. Fortschr Geb Roentgenstr 16: 173–208, 1910–11.
Whalen JP: Anatomy of the colon. Guide to intra-abdominal pathology. AJR 125: 3–20, 1975.
Hultborn KA, Morales O, Romanus R: The so-called shelf tumour of the rectum. Acta Radiol Suppl 124: 1–46, 1955.
Schulman A, Fataar S: Extrinsic stretching, narrowing and anterior indentation of the rectosigmoid junction. Clin Radiol 30: 463–469, 1979.
Gardiner GA: Routine lateral view of the barium filled rectum: is it worthwhile? A review of 2500 consecutive examinations. AJR 104: 571–579, 1968.
Teplick SK, Stark P, Clark RE, Metz JR, Shapiro JH: The retrorectal space. Clin Radiol 29: 177–184, 1978.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1983 Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, The Hague
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Miller, R.E., Skucas, J. (1983). The Normal Colon. In: The Radiological Examination of the Colon. Series in Radiology, vol 3. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-6784-7_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-6784-7_2
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-009-6786-1
Online ISBN: 978-94-009-6784-7
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive