Abstract
The injection of biologically compatible solutions may produce a “cloud of echoes” in the blood which is otherwise echo free. The source of this echocardiographic contrast is microbubbles of air introduced during injection [1, 2]. Left ventricular catheter injections have been employed to identify left heart structures from M-mode echocardiograms [3, 4], to validate cardiac views imaged by two-dimensional echocardiography [5, 6], for the demonstration of small, intracardiac, left-to-right shunts and for the diagnosis of minimal degrees of aortic and mitral valve regurgitation [7, 8, 9].
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Gramiak R, Shah PM: Echocardiography of the aortic root. Invest Radiol 3:356, 1968.
Meltzer RS, Tickner EG, Sahines TP, Popp RL: The source of ultrasonic contrast effect. J Clin Ultrasound 8:121, 1980.
Gramiak R, Shah PM, Kramer DH: Ultrasound cardiography: contrast studies in anatomy and function. Radiology 92:939, 1969.
Feigenbaum H, Stone JM, Lee DA, Nasser WK, Chang S: Identification of ultrasound echoes from the left ventricle by use of intracardiac injections of indocyanine green. Circulation 41:614, 1970.
Sahn DJ, Dilliams DE, Shackelton S, Friedman WF: The validity of structure identification for cross-sectional echocardiography. J Clin Ultrasound 2:201, 1975.
Tajik AJ, Seward JB, Hagler DJ, Mair DD, Lie JT: Two-dimensional real-time ultrasonic imaging of the heart and great vessels: technique, image orientation, structure identification and validation. Mayo Clin Proc 53:281, 1978.
Seward JB, Tajik AJ, Spangler JG, Ritter DE: Echocardiographic contrast studies. Mayo Clin Proc 50:163, 1975.
Pieronl DR, Varghese J, Freedom RM, Rowe RD: The sensitivity of contrast echocardiography in detecting intracardiac shunts. Cathet Cardiovasc Diagn 5:19, 1979.
Kerber RE, Kioschos JM, Lauer RM: Use of ultrasonic contrast method in the diagnosis of valvular regurgitation and intracardiac shunts. Am J Cardiol 34:722, 1974.
Bommer WJ, Mason DT, DeMaria AN: Studies in contrast echocardiography: development of new agents with superior reproducibility and transmission through lungs. Circulation 59 and 60 (suppl II):II–17, 1979(abstr).
Reale A, Pizzuto F, Giaffré PA, Nigri A, Romeo F, Martuscelli E, Mangier E, Scibilia G: Contrast echocardiography: transmission of echoes to the left heart across the pulmonary vascular bed. Eur Heart J 1:101, 1980.
Meltzer RS, Serruys PW, McGhie J, Verbaan N, Roelandt J: Pulmonary wedge injections yielding left-sided echocardiographic contrast. Brit Heart J 44:390, 1980.
Meltzer RS, Meltzer C, Roelandt J: Sector scanning views in echocardiography: a systematic approach. Eur Heart J 1:379, 1980.
Meltzer RS, Sartorius OEH, Lancée CT, Serruys PW, Verdouw PD, Essed CE, Roelandt J: Transmission of ultrasonic contrast through the lungs. Ultrasound in Med & Biol 7:377, 1981.
Amano K, Sakamoto T, Hada Y, Yamaguchi T, Ishimitsu T, Adachi H: Contrast echocardiography: application for valvular incompetence. J. Cardiography 9:697, 1979.
Uchiyama I, Isshiki T, Koizumi K, Ohuchi Y, Kuwako K, Umeda T, Machii K, Furuta S: Detection of the site and severity of mitral valve prolapse by real-time cross-sectional echocardiography with contrast technique. J Cardiography 9:689, 1979.
Meltzer RS, Serruys PW, McGhie J, Hugenholtz PG, Roelandt J: Cardiac catheterization under echocardiographic control in a pregnant woman. Amer J Med 71:481, 1981.
Roelandt J, Van Dorp WG, Bom N, Hugenholtz PG: Resolution problems in echocardiology, a source of interpretation errors. Amer J Cardiol 37:256, 1976.
Bommer W, Neef J, Neumann A, Weinert L, Lee G, Mason DT, DeMaria AN: Indicator-dilution curves obtained by photometric analysis of two-dimension echo-contrast studies. Amer J Cardiol 41:370, 1978(abstr).
DeMaria AN, Bommer W, Riggs K, Dajee A, Miller L, Mason DT: In vivo correlation of cardiac output and densitometric dilution curves obtained by contrast two-dimensional echocardiography. Circulation (III-101) 1980 (abstr).
Bastiaans OL, Roelandt J, Piérard L, Meltzer RS: Ejection fraction from contrast echocardio-graphic videodensity curves. Clin Res 29:176, 1981 (abstr).
Hagler DJ, Tajik AJ, Seward JB, Mair DD, Ritter DG, Ritman EL: Videodensitometric quantitation of left-to-right shunts with contrast sector echocardiography. Circulation 57 and 58 (suppl II)II–70, 1978 (abstr).
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1983 Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, Boston
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Roelandt, J., Serruys, P.W. (1983). Imaging of the Left Ventricle by Contrast Echocardiography. In: Meyer, J., Schweizer, P., Erbel, R. (eds) Advances in Noninvasive Cardiology. Developments in Cardiovascular Medicine, vol 24. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-6720-5_9
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-6720-5_9
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-009-6722-9
Online ISBN: 978-94-009-6720-5
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive