Skip to main content

Scientific Realism and Incommensurability: Some Criticisms of Kuhn and Feyerabend

  • Chapter
Methodology, Metaphysics and the History of Science

Part of the book series: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science ((BSPS,volume 84))

Abstract

Over twenty years ago, the Boston Colloquium for the Philosophy of Science heard a series of papers concerning Paul Feyerabend’s philosophy of science. On that occasion, Feyerabend defended his views against a variety of criticisms brought forward by J. J. C. Smart, Hilary Putnam, and Wilfrid Sellars. Although I was not privileged to hear these papers, my study of the published version of this debate, appearing in the Boston Studies for the Philosophy of Science, volume II,1 greatly influenced my own views and was one of the chief factors leading me to write my dissertation on Feyerabend’s philosophy of science. It is, therefore, only appropriate for me to continue the debate over Feyerabend’s work in the present paper.

…only those revolutions in science will prove fruitful and beneficial whose instigators try to change as little as possible and limit themselves to the solution of a particular and clearly defined problem. Any attempt to make a clean sweep of everything or to change things quite arbitrarily leads to utter confusion.... True, I don’t know whether scientific revolutions can be compared with social revolutions, but I suspect that even historically the most durable and beneficial revolutions have been the ones designed to serve clearly defined problems and which left the rest strictly alone.

Werner Heisenberg

Physics and Beyond (p. 148)

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Achinstein, Peter, ‘On the Meaning of Scientific Terms’, J. Phil 61 (1964) 497–509.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Bunge, Mario, ed., The Critical Approach to Science and Philosophy ( Free Press, New York, 1964 ).

    Google Scholar 

  3. Burian, Richard, ‘Scientific Realism, Commensurability, and Conceptual Change. A Critique of Paul Feyerabend’s Philosophy of Science’, unpublished Ph.D. Dissertation ( University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, 1971 ).

    Google Scholar 

  4. Butts, Robert E., ‘Feyerabend and the Pragmatic Theory of Observation’, Phil Sci. 33 (1966) 383–394.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Carnap, Rudolf, ‘Foundations of Logic and Mathematics’, International Encyclopedia of Unified Science I, No. 3 ( University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 1939 ).

    Google Scholar 

  6. Carnap, Rudolf, ‘The Methodological Character of Theoretical Concepts’, in Feigl and Scriven [12].

    Google Scholar 

  7. Cohen, R. S. and M. W. Wartofsky, eds., Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science, Vol. II ( Humanities Press, New York, 1965 ).

    Google Scholar 

  8. Colodny, Robert G., ed., Beyond the Edge of Certainty ( Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, N.J., 1965 ).

    Google Scholar 

  9. Colodny, Robert G., ed., Mind and Cosmos ( University of Pittsburgh Press, Pittsburgh, 1966 ).

    Google Scholar 

  10. Colodny, Robert G., ed., The Nature and Function of Scientific Theories ( University of Pittsburgh Press, Pittsburgh, 1970 ).

    Google Scholar 

  11. Feigl, Herbert and Grover Maxwell, eds., Minnesota Studies in the Philosophy of Science, Vol. Ill (University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis, 1962 ).

    Google Scholar 

  12. Feigl, Herbert and Michael Scriven, eds., Minnesota Studies in the Philosophy of Science, Vol. I ( University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis, 1956 ).

    Google Scholar 

  13. Feigl, Herbert and Michael Scriven and Grover Maxwell, eds., Minnesota Studies in the Philosophy of Science, Vol. II ( University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis, 1958 ).

    Google Scholar 

  14. Feyerabend, Paul, ‘Against Method: Outline of an Anarchistic Theory of Knowledge’, in Radner and Winokur [45].

    Google Scholar 

  15. Feyerabend, Paul, ‘An Attempt at a Realistic Interpretation of Experience’, Proc. Arist. Soc. 58 (1958) 143–170.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Feyerabend, Paul, ‘Consolations for the Specialist’, in Lakatos and Musgrave, eds. [36].

    Google Scholar 

  17. Feyerabend, Paul, ‘Explanation, Reduction, and Empiricism’, in Feigl and Maxwell, eds. [11].

    Google Scholar 

  18. Feyerabend, Paul, ‘On the “Meaning” of Scientific Terms’, J. Phil. 62 (1965) 266–274.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Feyerabend, Paul, ‘Das Problem der Existenz theoretischer Ertitaten’, in Topitsch, ed. [54].

    Google Scholar 

  20. Feyerabend, Paul‘Problems of Empiricism’, in Colodny, ed. [8].

    Google Scholar 

  21. Feyerabend, Paul, ‘Problems of Empiricism, Part II’, in Colodny, ed. [10].

    Google Scholar 

  22. Feyerabend, Paul, ‘Realism and Instrumentalism: Comments on the Logic of Factual Support’, in M. Bunge, ed. [2].

    Google Scholar 

  23. Feyerabend, Paul, ‘Reply to Criticism’, in Cohen and Wartofsky, eds. [7].

    Google Scholar 

  24. Giedymin, Jerzy, ‘The Paradox of Meaning Variance’, BJPS 21 (1970) 257–268.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Gutting, Gary, ‘Feyerabend’s Attack on Method’, unpublished.

    Google Scholar 

  26. Hempel, Carl G., ‘Fundamentals of Concept Formation in Empirical Science’, International Encyclopedia of Unified Science, Vol. II, No. 7 ( University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 1952 ).

    Google Scholar 

  27. Hempel, Carl G., ‘Implications of Carnap’s Work for the Philosophy of Science’, in Schilpp, ed. [46].

    Google Scholar 

  28. Hempel, Carl G., ‘The Theoretician’s Dilemma: A Study in the Logic of Theory Construction’, in Feigl, Scriven, and Maxwell, eds. [13].

    Google Scholar 

  29. Klein, M., ‘Max Planck and the Beginnings of the Quantum Theory’, Arch. Hist. Exact Sci. 1 (1962).

    Google Scholar 

  30. Kordig, Carl R., ‘Feyerabend and Radical Meaning Variance’, Nous 4 (1970) 399–404.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Kordig, Carl R., ‘The Theory-Ladenness of Observation’, Rev. Metaphys. 24 (1971) 448–484.

    Google Scholar 

  32. Kuhn, Thomas, ‘Historical Structure of Scientific Discovery’, Science 136 (1962) 760–764.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Kuhn, Thomas, The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, 2nd ed. ( University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 1970 ).

    Google Scholar 

  34. Kuhn, Thomas, ‘Reflections on my Critics’, in Lakatos and Musgrave, eds. [36].

    Google Scholar 

  35. Lakatos, Imre, ‘Falsification and the Methodology of Scientific Research Programmes’, in Lakatos and Musgrave, eds. [36].

    Google Scholar 

  36. Kuhn, Thomas, and Alan Musgrave, eds., Criticism and the Growth of Knowledge ( Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1970 ).

    Google Scholar 

  37. Leplin, Jarrett, ‘Meaning Variance and the Comparability of Theories’, BJPS 20 (1969) 69–75.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. Machamer, Peter, ‘Feyerabend and Galileo: The Interaction of Theories and the Reinterpretation of Experience’, Stud. Hist. Phil Sci. 4 (1973) 1–46.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. Martin, Michael, ‘Ontological Variance and Scientific Objectivity’, BJPS 23 (1972) 252–256.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. Martin, Michael, ‘Referential Variance and Scientific Objectivity’, BJPS 22 (1971) 17–26.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. Nagel, Ernest, The Structure of Science (Harcourt, Brace and World, New York, 1961 ).

    Google Scholar 

  42. Palter, Robert, ‘Philosophic Principles and Scientific Theory’, Phil. Sci. 23 (1956) 111–135.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  43. Planck, Max, A Scientific Autobiography and Other Papers ( Philosophical Library, New York, 1949 ).

    Google Scholar 

  44. Putnam, Hilary, ‘How Not to Talk about Meaning’, in Cohen and Wartofsky, eds. [7].

    Google Scholar 

  45. Radner, M. and Winokur, S., eds., Minnesota Studies in the Philosophy of Science, Vol. IV ( University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis, 1971 ).

    Google Scholar 

  46. Schilpp, P. A., ed., The Philosophy of Rudolf Carnap (Open Court, La Salle, 111., 1963 ).

    Google Scholar 

  47. Scheffler, Israel, The Anatomy of Inquiry ( Knopf, New York, 1963 ).

    Google Scholar 

  48. Scheffler, Science and Subjectivity ( Bobbs-Merrill, New York, 1967 ).

    Google Scholar 

  49. Scheffler, Sellars, Wilfrid, ‘The Language of Theories’, in Sellars [50].

    Google Scholar 

  50. Scheffler, Science, Perception and Reality ( Routledge and Kegan Paul, London, 1963 ).

    Google Scholar 

  51. Scheffler, ‘Scientific Realism or Irenic Instrumentalism: Comments on J. J. C. Smart’, in Cohen and Wartofsky, eds. [7].

    Google Scholar 

  52. Shapere, Dudley, ‘Meaning and Scientific Change’, in Colodny, ed. [9].

    Google Scholar 

  53. Smart, J. J. C., ‘Conflicting Views about Scientific Explanation’, in Cohen and Wartofsky, eds. [7].

    Google Scholar 

  54. Topitsch, Ernst, ed., Probleme der Wissenschaftstheorie: Festschrift fur Viktor Kraft ( Springer, Vienna, 1960 ).

    Google Scholar 

  55. Heisenberg, W. Physics and Beyond (Harper and Row, New York).

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1984 D. Reidel Publishing Company

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Burian, R.M. (1984). Scientific Realism and Incommensurability: Some Criticisms of Kuhn and Feyerabend. In: Cohen, R.S., Wartofsky, M.W. (eds) Methodology, Metaphysics and the History of Science. Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science, vol 84. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-6331-3_1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-6331-3_1

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-94-009-6333-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-009-6331-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics