Abstract
An enormous range of plant substances are covered by the word ‘terpenoid’, a term which is used to indicate that all such substances have a common biosynthetic origin. Thus, terpenoids are all based on the isoprene molecule CH2=C(CH3)-CH=CH2 and their carbon skeletons are built up from the union of two or more of these C5 units. They are then classified according to whether they contain two (C10), three (C15), four (C20), six (C30) or eight (C40) such units. They range from the essential oil components, the volatile mono- and sesquiterpenes (C10 and C15), through the less volatile diterpenes (C20) to the involatile triterpenoids and sterols (C30) and carotenoid pigments (C40). Each of these various classes of terpenoid (Table 3.1) are of significance in either plant growth, metabolism or ecology.
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Harborne, J.B. (1973). The Terpenoids. In: Phytochemical Methods. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-5921-7_3
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