Abstract
Basalts and the rocks associated with them occupy the greater part of the Earth’s surface, covering the ocean floor and forming continental surface deposits. Basalts may be extruded either from point sources or from deep intracontinenetal and intraoceanic fissures. In either case, they derive from the crystallization of a magma. Associated with other lavas, basalts from present or recent volcanic systems constitute suites with a distribution closely linked to that of earthquakes. Through the study of seismic and volcanic activity, it is possible to arrive at an understanding of the internal structure of the Earth. The basalts associated with granular rocks occur in the ophiolitic series of folded mountains and in the oceans around the mid-oceanic ridges. They provide clues to the processes that underlie the dynamic structure of the planet.
Keywords
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsPreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Anonyme, The Mid-Atlantic Ridge near 45°N., Series of papers published in Can. J. Earth Sci.
Autran, A. and Peterlongo, J. M. (1979). Introduction à la Géologie du Massif Central, 26e Congr. Géol. Int. Paris 1980, Livret G 18-1.
Green, D. H. and Ringwood, J. (1967). An experimental investigation of the gabbro to ecogite transformation and its petrological applications. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, Vol. 31, pp. 767–833.
Hart, P. J. (ed.) (1969). The Earth’s Crust and Upper Mantle. Am. Geog. Union, Monograph. 13.
Hess, H. H. (1962). History of ocean basin. In Petrologic Studies (Buddington Vol.), Geol. Soc. Amer. (ed. A. E. J. Engel et al), pp. 599–620.
Kushiro, I. and Yoder, H. S. JR (1966). Anorthite-forsterite and anorthite-enstatite reactions and their bearing on the basalt-eclogite transformation. J. Petrology, Vol. 7, pp. 337–362.
Terry, J. (1974). Ensembles lithologiques et structures internes du cortège ophiolitique du Pinde septentrional (Grèce), Bull. Soc. Géol. France (7), XVI, p. 204–213.
Yoder, H. S. and Tilley, C. E. (1962). Origin of basalt magmas: an experimental study of natural and synthetic rock systems. J. Petrology, Vol. 3, pp. 342–532.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1985 Graham & Trotman
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Dercourt, J., Paquet, J. (1985). Basalts and Associated Rocks. In: Geology Principles & Methods. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4956-0_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4956-0_4
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-0-86010-489-6
Online ISBN: 978-94-009-4956-0
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive