Abstract
Animal research has been a traditionally accepted and respected part of modern psychology from its earliest days. The prevalent view of animals in contemporary psychology has origins far more basic than the scientific method. Its roots are deeply imbedded in Judaeo-Christian culture, a tradition which postulates a wide gulf between humankind and the animal world. The Darwinian revolution and the ethological outlook it fostered, while of immense biological significance, has for the most part been neglected by modern American comparative psychologists in favor of a positivistic-behaviorist orientation with a heavy reliance upon laboratory experimentation.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Ainsworth, M.D.S. 1969. Object relations, dependency and attachment: A theoretical review of the infant-mother relationship. Child Dev. 40:969–1025.
Anisman, H., Hamilton, M. and Zacharko, R.M. 1984. Cue and response-choice acquisition and reversal after exposure to uncontrollable shock: Induction of response severation. J. Exper. Psych.: Animal Behav. Processes. 10(2):229–43.
APA Backgrounder. Public Information Office. 1984. The use of animals in psychological research.
APA Backgrounder 2. Public Information Office. 1984. The use of animals in psychological research.
APA Monitor. March 1985. p. 14.
APA (pamphlet). 1984.Behavioral research with animals.
APA Summary Report for Journal Operations. 1983. Amer. Psych. 39(6):689.
Arzin, N.H. and Thienes, P.M. 1978. Rapid elimination of enuresis by intensive learning without a conditioning apparatus. Behav. Therapy. 9:342–54.
Association for Advanced Training in the Behavioral Sciences. AATBS Staff. 1984. Abnormal psychology. 3:1–87.
Bakan, D. 1972. Psychology can now kick the science habit. Psych. Today. March.
Baldessarini, R.J. 1975. Amine hypotheses in affective illness. In: Mandels, J. ed. The Psychobiology of Depression. New York: Spectrum Publishers.
Bannister, D. 1981. The fallacy of animal experimentation in psychology. In: Sperlinger, D. ed. Animals in Research: New Perspectives in Animal Experimentation. New York: John Wiley and Sons. pp. 307–17.
Baron, J. 1971. Is experimental psychology relevant? Amer. Psych. 26(8):713–6.
Basmajian, J.V. 1963. Control and training of individual motor units. Science. 141:440–1.
Beck, A.T. et al. 1979. Cognitive Therapy of Depression. New York: Guilford.
Becker, J. 1984. Behavior modification. In: 1985 review course for the national licensure in psychology by the Association for Advanced Training in the Behavioral Sciences (AATBS). 1:1–42.
Bevan, W. 1982. In: Sarason, S.B. 1984. If it can be studied or developed, should it be? Amer. Psych. 39(5):477–85.
Bowd, A. 1980. Ethical reservations about psychological research with animals. Psych. Record. 30:201–10.
Bowlby, J. 1969. Attachment and loss. Vol. 1: Attachment. New York: Basic Books.
Brewer, W.F. 1974. There is no convincing evidence for operant or classical conditioning in adult humans. In: Weimer, W.B. and Palermo, D.S. eds. Cognition and the Symbolic Processes. Hillsdale, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Assocs.
Broad, W. and Wade, N. 1982. Betrayers of the Truth. New York: Simon and Schuster.
Capitanio, J.P. 1984. Early experience and social processes in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta): I. Dyadic social interaction. J. Compar. Psych. 98(1):35–44.
Chomsky, N. 1959. Review of Verbal Behavior by B.F. Skinner. Language. 35:26–58.
Chomsky, N. 1968. Language and Mind. New York: Harcourt, Brace and World.
Cohen, W.S. 1985. Health promotion in the work place: A prescription for good health. Amer. Psych. 40(2):213–6.
Coile, D.C. and Miller, N.E. 1974. Comment: How radical animal activists try to mislead humane people. Amer. Psych. 39(6):700–1.
Coleman, J.C. and Broen, W.E., Jr. 1972. Abnormal Psychology and Modern Life. 4th edition. Glenview, Illinois: Scott, Foresman and Co. pp. 149, 627.
Dalen, P. 1969. Casual explanations in psychiatry: A critique of some current concepts. Brit. J. Psychia. 115:129,132.
Demarest, J. 1983. The ideas of change, progress and continuity in the comparative psychology of learning. In: Rajecki, D.W. ed. Comparing Behavior: Studying Man Studying Animals. Hillsdale, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Assocs. pp. 143–79.
Drewett, R. and Kani, W. 1981. Animal experimentation in the behavioral sciences. In: Sperlinger, D. ed. Animals in Research: New Perspectives in Animal Experimentation. New York: John Wiley and Sons. pp. 175–201.
Dumont, M. 1976. Social science vs. privacy. (letter). J. Humanis. Psych. 16(3):81. Summer.
Ellis, A. 1962. Reason and Emotion in Psychotherapy. New York: Lyle Stuart.
Endler. N. and Magnussen, D. 1976. Toward an interactionist psychology of personality. Psych. Bulletin. 83(5):968–9.
Fletcher, G.J. 1984. Psychology and common sense. Amer. Psych. 39(3):203–13.
Franks, C.M. 1969. Behavior Therapy: Appraisal and Status. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Gadlin, H. and Ingle, G. 1975. Through the one-way mirror: The limits of experimental self-reflection. Amer. Psych. 30(10):1003–9.
Gangsei, D. 1983. Community psychology. In: 1985 review course for the national licensure exam in psychology by the Association for Advanced Training in the Behavioral Sciences (AATBS). 4:1–35.
Giannelli, M.A. 1985. Sacrificing animals in experiments: Vivisection excesses in modern medicine. Cogitations on Law and Govt. 2(4):75–83.
Giorgi, A. 1970. Psychology as a Human Science: A Phenomenologically Based Approach. New York: Harper and Row.
Hamburg, D. 1982. In: Cohen, W.S. 1985. Health promotion in the workplace: A prescription for good health. Amer. Psych. 40(2):213–6.
Harlow, H.F. 1974. In: Pratt, D. 1976. Painful Experiments on Animals. New York: Argus Archives. p. 89.
Harlow, H.E, Dodsworth, R.O., and Harlow, M.K. 1965. Total social isolation in monkeys. Proceed. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA. 54:90–97.
Harlow, H.F. and Suomi, S.J. 1977. Primate models of depression. In: Seligman, M.P. and Maser, J.D. eds. Psychopathology: Experimental Models. San Francisco: W.H. Freeman Co.
Heffernan, J.A. and Albee, G.W. 1985. Prevention perspectives from Vermont to Washington. Amer. Psych. 40(2):202–4.
Heim, A. 1979. The use of animals in experimental psychology. Speech given to the International Association Against Painful Experiments on Animals, West Berlin.
Henry, J.P. and Stephen, P.M. 1979. An animal model of neuropsychological factors in hypertension. In: Yamori, Y., Lovenberg, W. and Freis, W. eds. Prophylactic Approach to Hypertensive Diseases. New York: Raven Press. pp. 229–307.
Hunt, H.F. 1964. Problems in the interpretation of experimental neurosis. Psych. Reports. 15:27–35.
James, W. 1890. The Principles of Psychology. New York: Henry Holt.
Kamiya, J. 1969. Operant control of the EEG alpha rhythm and some of its reported effects on consciousness. In: Tart, C. ed. Altered States of Consciousness. New York: John Wiley and Sons. pp. 489–501.
Kaplan, P.S. 1984a. Importance of relative temporal parameters in trace autoshaping: From excitation to inhibition. J. Exper. Psych.: Animal Behav. Processes. 10(2):113–26.
Kaplan, R.M. 1984b. The connection between clinical health promotion and health status: A critical overview. Amer. Psych. 39(7):755–65.
Kehoe, E.J. and Morrow, L.D. 1984. Temporal dynamics of the rabbit’s nictitating membrane response in serial compound conditioned stimuli. J. Exper. Psych.: Animal Behav. Processes. 10(2):205–20.
Keller, F. and Schoenfeld, W. 1950. Principles of Psychology. New York: Appleton-Century Crofts. p. 399.
Kelly, J.A. 1985. Psychological research and the rights of animals: Disagreement with Miller. Comment submitted to American Psychologist.
Kimble, G.A. 1984. Psychology’s two cultures. Amer. Psych. 39(8):833–9.
King, F.A. 1984. Animals in research: The case for experimentation. Psych. Today. Sept.: 56–58.
Koch, S. 1969. In: Gadlin, H. and Ingle, G. 1975. Through the one-way mirror: The limits of experimental self-reflection. Amer. Psych. 30(10):1003–9.
Kubie, L.S. 1939. The experimental induction of neurotic reactions in man. Yale J. of Biology and Medicine. 11:541–5.
Kuker-Reines, B. 1982. Psychology Experiments on Animals: A Critique of Animal Models of Human Psychopathology. Boston: NEAVS.
Kvale, S. 1973. The technological paradigm of psychological research. J. Phenom. Psych. 92:175–212.
Lazarus, A.A. 1971. Behavior Therapy and Beyond. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Levine, J., Schield, B. and Bouthilet, L. eds. 1971. Establishing the Efficacy of Psychotropic Agents. Public Health Service. Publication #2138. p. 101.
Lineberry, C.G. 1981. Laboratory animals in pain research. In: Gay, W.I. ed. Methods of Animal Experimentation. New York: Academic Press. 6:237–311.
Lipsey, M.W. 1974. Research and relevance: A survey of graduate students and faculty in psychology. Amer. Psych. 29:541–53.
Lockwood, R. 1984. Kindness is creative. Paper presented at APA meeting, Toronto 1984.
Loftus, E.F., Fienberg, S.E. and Tanur, J.M. 1985. Cognitive psychology meets the national survey. Amer. Psych. 40(2):175–80.
London, P. 1972. The end of ideology in behavior modification. Amer. Psych. 27(10):913–20.
Mahoney, M. 1977. On the continuing resistance to thoughtful therapy. Behav. Ther. 8:673–7.
Mahoney, M.J. 1985. Open exchange and epistemic progress. Amer. Psych. 40(1):29–39.
Mancucella, G. 1984. Learning theory. In: 1985 review course for the national licensure exam in psychology by the Association for Advanced Training in the Behavioral Sciences (AATBS). 1:1–28.
Marks, I. 1977. Phobias and obsessions. In: Seligman, M.P. and Maser, J.D. eds. Psychopathology: Experimental Models. San Francisco: W.H. Freeman Co.
Maslow, A.H. 1954. Motivation and Personality. New York: Harper.
Mayer, A.D. and Rosenblatt, J.S. 1984. Prepartum changes in maternal responsiveness and nest defense in Rattus norvegicus. J. Comp. Psych. 98(2):177–88.
Meichenbaum, D. 1973. Cognitive factors in behavior modification: Modifying what clients say to themselves. In: Franks, C. and Wilson, G.T., eds. Annual Review of Behavior Therapy, Theory, and Practice. New York: Brunner/Mazel.
Meichenbaum, D. and Cameron, R. 1973. Training schizophrenics to talk to themselves: A means of developing attentional cues. Behav. Ther. 4:515–34.
Mellgren, R.L., Misasi, L. and Brown, S.W. 1984. Optimal foraging theory: Prey density and travel requirements in Rattus norvegicus. J. Comp. Psych. 98(2):142–53.
Miller, D.B. 1977. Roles of naturalistic observation in comparative psychology. Amer. Psych. March:211–9.
Miller, N.E. 1978. Biofeedback and visceral learning. Annual Rev. of Psych. 29:373–404.
Miller, N.E. 1980. Applications of learning and biofeedback to psychiatry and medicine. In: Kaplan, H.I., Freedman, A.M. and Sadock, B.J. eds. Comprehensive Textbook of Psychiatry 1/III. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkens. pp. 468–84.
Miller, N.E. 1983. Value and ethics of research on animals. Unpublished paper presented to the APA convention in Anaheim, California, August, 1983.
Miller, N.E. 1985. The value of behavioral research on animals. Amer. Psych. 40(4):423–40.
Mineka, S., Cook, M. and Miller, S. 1984. Fear conditioned with escapable and inescapable shock: Effects of a feedback stimulus. J. Exper. Psych.: Animal Behav. Processes. 10(3):307–23.
Minor, T.R. and LaLordo, V.M. 1984. Escape deficits following inescapable shock: The role of contextual odor. J. Exper. Psych.: Animal Behav. Processes. 10(2):168–81.
Mowrer, O.H. and Mowrer, W.M. 1938. Enuresis: A method for its study and treatment. Amer. J. Orthopsych. 8:436–59.
Ossenkopp, K.-P. and Tu, G.S. 1984. Motion sickness in quail: Body-rotation-induced conditioned fluid aversion in C. coturnix japonica. J. Comp. Psych. 98(2):189–93.
Paul, S.M. 1977. Models of madness: Animal models of schizophrenia. In: Seligman, M.P. and Maser, J.D. eds. Psychopathology: Experimental Models. San Francisco: W.H. Freeman and Co.
Peters, D. and Ceci, S.J. 1982. Peer-review practices of psychological journals: The fate of published articles submitted again. Behav. and Brain Sci. 5:187–95.
Petrinovich, L. 1979. Probabilistic functionalism: A conception of research method. Amer. Psych. 34(5):373–90.
Pion, G.M. and Lipsey, M.W. 1984. Psychology and society: The challenge of change. Amer. Psych. 39(7):739–54.
Potegal, M. and tenBrink, L. 1984. Behavior of attack-primed and attack-satiated female golden hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus). J. Compar. Psych. 98(1):66–75.
Poulos, C.X. and Hinson, R.E. 1984. A homeostatic model of Pavlovian conditioning: Tolerance to scopolamine-induced adipsia. J. Exper. Psych.: Animal Behav. Processes. 10(1):75–89.
Pratt, D. 1976. Painful Experiments on Animals. New York: Argus Archives. p. 164.
Pratt, D. 1980. Alternatives to Pain in Experiments on Animals. New York: Argus Archives. p. 311.
Rajecki, D.W. 1983. Successful comparative psychology: Four case histories. In: Rajecki, D.W. ed. Comparing Behavior: Studying Man Studying Animals. Hillsdale, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Assocs. pp. 67–107.
Rollin, B.E. 1981. Animal Rights and Human Morality. New York: Prometheus Books. p. 126.
Rollin, B.E. 1985. The moral status of research animals in psychology. Amer. Psychol. 40(8):920–6.
Romanyshyn, R.D. 1971. Method and meaning in psychology. J. Phenom. Psych. 2:93–114.
Rosellini, R.A., De Cola, J.P., Plonsky, M., Warren, D.A. and Stilman, A.J. 1984. Uncontrollable shock proactively increases sensitivity to response-reinforcer independence in rats. J. Exper. Psych.: Animal Behav. Processes. 10(3):346–59.
Ross, R.T. and Randich, A. 1984. Unconditioned stress-induced analgesia following exposure to brief footshock. J. Exper. Psych.: Animal Behav. Processes. 10(2):127–37.
Rowan, A. 1984. Of Mice, Models and Men. Albany: State University of New York Press.
Ryder, R. 1975. Victims of Science. London: Davis-Poynter.
Sarason, S.B. 1984. If it can be studied or developed, should it be? Amer. Psych. 39(5):477–85.
Segal, E. 1982. Editorial. J. Anal. of Behav. 38(2):115.
Segal, E. and Lachman, R. 1972. Complex behavior or higher mental process: Is there a paradigm shift? Amer. Psych. 27(1):46–55.
Shapiro, K. 1982. A review of the NIMH grant application entitled: Production and alleviation of depression (Stephen Suomi, University of Wisconsin). In: Kuker-Reines, B. Psychology Experiments on Animals: A Critique of Animal Models of Human Psychopathology. Boston: NEAVS. pp. 5, 38.
Shotter, J. and Gauld, A. 1971. The defense of empirical psychology. Amer. Psych. 26(5):460–6.
Singer, P. 1975. Animal Liberation. New York: Avon Books. pp. 7, 47.
Skinner, B.F. 1975. The steep and thorny way to a science of behavior. Amer. Psych. 30(1):42–49.
Smith, M.B. 1973. Is psychology relevant to the new priorities? Amer. Psych. 28(6):463–71.
Smith, M.B. 1978. Humanism and behaviorism in psychology: Theory and practice. J. Humanistic Psych. 18(1):27–36.
Suinn, R. and Richardson, R. 1971. Anxiety management training: A non-specific behavior therapy program for anxiety control. Beh. Ther. 2(4):498–510.
Tulving, E. 1979. Memory research: What kind of progress?: In: Nilsson, L.G. ed. Perspectives on Memory Research. Hillsdale, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Assocs.
Tunnell, G.B. 1977. Three dimensions of naturalness: An expanded definition of field research. Psych. Bulletin. 84(3):426–37.
Wade, N. 1982. Smart Apes, or Dumb? New York Times. (essay). 30 April.
Weimer, W.B. and Palermo, D.S. eds. 1974. Cognition and the Symbolic Processes. Hillsdale, New Jersey: Erlbaum Assocs.
Wertheimer, M. 1972. Fundamental Issues in Psychology. New York: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston. p. 194.
Wolpe, J. 1976. How laboratory-derived principles of learning have conquered the neuroses. In: Psychopathology of Human Adaptation. New York: Plenum Press. pp. 291–306.
Wu, M.-F., Krueger, J., Ison, J.R. and Gerrard, R.L. 1984. Startle reflex inhibition in the rat: Its persistence after extended repetition of the inhibitory stimulus. J. Exper. Psych.: Animal Behav. Processes. 10(2):221–8.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1986 Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, Dordrecht
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Giannelli, M.A. (1986). Three Blind Mice, See How They Run: A Critique of Behavioral Research with Animals. In: Fox, M.W., Mickley, L.D. (eds) Advances in Animal Welfare Science 1985. Advances in Animal Welfare Science, vol 2. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4247-9_8
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4247-9_8
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-010-8385-0
Online ISBN: 978-94-009-4247-9
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive