Summary
The effect of intracoronary nifedipine on regional and global left ventricular performance, coronary vasomotility, and myocardial oxygen consumption is reported. Left ventricular pressures and volume indices of contractility and relaxation were simultaneously recorded in five patients without coronary artery disease. In these patients, nifedipine in the left main coronary artery not only delayed (+115 ms) anterior wall contracton, but also slowed (3.5 vs 1.9 cm/s) and depressed it (−26%), resulting in a depression of global left ventricular ejection. This asynchrony and depression of regional contraction is considered to be responsible for the slowed isovolumic contraction and relaxation of the whole ventricle.
In 10 other patients with coronary artery disease, coronary sinus blood flow and myocardial oxygen consumption were measured before and after intracoronary nifedipine. The observed decrease in myocardial oxygen consumption (−28%) depended primarily on a decrease in contractility and left ventricular performance.
In a third study group of 12 patients with coronary artery disease, the effects of intracoronary nifedipine on the coronary vasomotility of 40 coronary segments (normal, prestenotic, stenotic, poststenotic) were quantitatively determined. Left ventricular hemodynamics and coronary sinus saturation were monitored while the cineangiograms were recorded before and after nifedipine. Nifedipine provoked vasodilatation of the normal (+10.3%), prestenotic, stenotic (+4 to 30%), and poststenotic (+16.4%) coronary segments, which persisted after the disappearance of its direct effects on the myocardium. This transient regional ‘cardioplegic’ effect of nifedipine, associated with an increase in coronary blood flow, a reduction in myocardial oxygen consumption, and a vasodilatation of the epicardial vessels is likely to be beneficial during temporary coronary occlusion such as occurs in spasm or transluminal angioplasty.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Hugenholtz PG, Michels HR, Serruys PW, Brower RW: Nifedipine in the treatment of unstable angina, coronary spasm and myocardial ischemia. Am J Cardiol 47: 163–173, 1981.
Bertrand ME, Lablanche JM, Tilmant PY: Treatment of Prinzmetal’s variant angina. Role of medical treatment with nifedipine and surgical coronary revascularization combined with plexectomy. Am J Cardiol 47: 174–178, 1981.
Serruys PW, van den Brand M, Brower RW, Hugenholtz PG: Regional cardioplegia and cardioprotection during transluminal angioplasty, which role for nifedipine? Eur Heart J 4 (Suppl C): 115–121, 1983.
Serruys PW, van den Brand M, Hooghoudt TEH, Simoons ML, Fioretti P, Ruiter J, Fels PW, Hugenholtz PG: Coronary recanalization in acute myocardial infarction: immediate results and potential risks. Eur Heart J 3: 404–415, 1982.
Meester GT, Bernard N, Zeelenberg C, Brower RW, Hugenholtz PG: A computer system for real time analysis of cardiac catheterization data. Cathet Cardiovasc Diagn 1: 113–132, 1975.
Fioretti P, Brower RW, Meester GT, Serruys PW: Interaction of left ventricular relaxation and filling during early diastole in human subjects. Am J Cardiol 46: 197–203, 1980.
Gaasch WH, Levine HJ, Quinones MA, Alexander JK: Left ventricular compliance: mechanisms and clinical implications. Am J Cardiol 38: 645–653, 1976.
Ganz W, Tamura K, Marcus HS, Donoso R, Yoshido S, Swan HJC: Measurement of coronary sinus blood flow by continuous thermodilution in man. Circulation 44: 181–195, 1971.
Hugenholtz PG, Verdouw PD, Meester GT: Fiberoptics in cardiac catheterization. II. Practical applications. In: Dye Curves: The Theory and Practice of Indicator Dilution. DA Bloomfield (Ed.). University Park Press, Baltimore/London/Tokyo: 285–311, 1974.
Serruys PW, Brower RW, ten Katen HJ, Bom AH, Hugenholtz PG: Regional wall motion from radiopaque markers after intravenous and intracoronary injections of nifedipine. Circulation 63: 584–591, 1981.
Rousseau MF, Veriter C, Detry JMR, Brasseur L, Pouleur H: Impaired early left ventricular relaxation in coronary artery disease: effects of intracoronary nifedipine. Circulation 62: 764–772, 1980.
Altieri PI, Wilt SM, Leighton RF: Left ventricular wall motion during the isovolumic relaxation period. Circulation 48: 499–505, 1973.
Gibson DG, Doran JH, Traill TA, Brown DJ: Regional abnormalities of left ventricular wall movement during isovolumic relaxation in patients with ischemic heart disease. Eur J Cardiol 7, Suppl: 251–264, 1978.
Dangman KH, Hoffman BF: Effects of nifedipine on electrical activity of cardiac cells. Am J Cardiol 46: 1059–1067, 1980.
Fleckenstein A von, Tritthart H, Döring HJ, Byon KY: BAY a 1040-ein hochaktiver Ca++- antagonistischer Inhibitor der elektro-mechanischen Koppelungsprozesse im Warmblüter-Myokard. Arzneim Forsch 22: 22–33, 1972.
Lewis MJ, Grey AC, Henderson AH: Determinants of hypoxic contracture in isolated heart muscle preparations. Cardiovasc Res 13: 86–94, 1979.
Grossman W, Serizawa T, Carabello BA: Studies on the mechanism of altered left ventricular diastolic pressure-volume relations during ischaemia. Eur Heart J 1 (Suppl A) 141–147, 1980.
Grossman W, Barry WH: Diastolic pressure-volume relations in the diseased heart. Fed Proc 39: 148–155, 1980.
Lorell BH, Barry WH: Effects of verapamil on myocardial systolic and diastolic function during calcium overload. Circulation 62 (Supp III ): 293 (Abstract), 1980.
Lipscomb K, Gould KL: Mechanism of the effect of coronary artery stenosis on coronary flow in the dog. Am Heart J 89: 60–67, 1975.
Gould KL, Lipscomb K, Calvert C: Compensatory changes of the distal coronary vascular bed during progressive coronary constriction. Circulation 51: 1085–1094, 1975.
Nakamura M, Matsuguchi H, Mitsutake A, Kikuchi Y, Takeshita A, Nakagaki O, Kuroiwa A: The effect of graded coronary stenosis on myocardial blood flow and left ventricular wall motion. Basic Res Cardiol 72: 479–491, 1977.
Weintraub WS, Hattori S, Agarwal J, Bodenheimer MM, Banka VS, Helfant RH: Variable effect of nifedipine on myocardial blood flow at three grades of coronary occlusion in the dog. Circ Res 48: 937–942, 1981.
Henry PD, Shuchleib R, Clark RE, Perez JE: Effect of nifedipine on myocardial ischemia: analysis of collateral flow, pulsatile heat and regional muscle shortening. Am J Cardiol 44: 817–824, 1979.
Schulz W, Kober G, Krauss G, Kaltenbach M: Influence of intracoronary and intravenous nifedipine on diameters of coronary vessels and stenoses. In: Unstable Angina Pectoris. W Rafflenbeul, PR Lichtlen, R Balcon (Eds.). Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart/New York: 259–265, 1981.
Kaltenbach M, Schulz W, Kober G: Effects of nifedipine after intravenous and intracoronary administration. Am J Cardiol 44: 832–838, 1979.
Logan SE: On the fluid mechanics of human coronary artery stenosis. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 22: 327–334, 1975.
Walinsky P, Santamore WP, Wiener L, Brest AN: Dynamic changes in the haemodynamic severity of coronary artery stenosis in a canine model. Cardiovasc Res 13: 113–118, 1979.
Santamore WP, Walinsky P: Altered coronary flow responses to vasoactive drugs in the presence of coronary arterial stenosis in the dog. Am J Cardiol 45: 276–285, 1980.
Schwartz JS, Carlyle PF, Cohn JN: Effect of dilation of the distal coronary bed on flow and resistance in severely stenotic coronary arteries in the dog. Am J Cardiol 43: 219–224, 1979.
Gould KL: Dynamic coronary stenosis. Am J Cardiol 45: 286–292, 1980.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1986 Martinus Nijhoff Publisher, Dordrecht
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Reiber, J.H.C., Serruys, P.W., Slager, C.J. (1986). Influence of intracoronary nifedipine on left ventricular function, coronary vasomotility, and myocardial oxygen consumption. In: Quantitative Coronary and Left Ventricular Cineangiography. Developments in Cardiovascular Medicine, vol 51. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4239-4_13
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4239-4_13
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-010-8382-9
Online ISBN: 978-94-009-4239-4
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive