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Intergranular Fracture

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Chemistry and Physics of Fracture

Part of the book series: NATO ASI Series ((NSSE,volume 130))

Abstract

A review is given on the development of understanding atomistics of intergranular fracture behaviour in metals during the last five years. This involves both, new experimental results as well as theoretical modeling the possible mechanisms of atomic decohesion.

Experimental work has been focussed on mainly two aspects of brittle fracture. First: to obtain a clearer picture of the chemical influence of diverse impurity elements at the grain boundaries in metals and alloys. Second: the influence of grain boundary structure and orientation on fracture modes, including reconstruction of grain boundary structure due to impurity segregation. The review also includes embrittling effects of impurities in the presence of hydrogen. Not discussed in this paper is the complex field of hydrogen embrittlement.

Theoretical models on the atomistic mechanism of fracture may be divided basically into two approaches. One starting from quantum mechanical calculations, to show chemical bond modifications due to impurity segregation. The other approach is more related to structural considerations at the grain boundaries applying pair potential calculation methods. Both this approaches can explain a series of experimental facts and represent a considerable progress in understanding details of intergranular fracture, although a comprehensive description is still missed. Finally, fundamental processes on an atomically sharp crack tip, whether it will proceed in a brittle or ductilemode of fracture, are discussed.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Programa de Engenharia Metalurgica e de Materiais, COPPE/Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

    Wolfgang Losch

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  1. Wolfgang Losch
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Room 8-202, 02139, Cambridge, MA, USA

    R. M. Latanision

  2. Materials Science and Technology Department, Battelle Northwest Laboratories, P.O. Box 999, 99352, Richland, WA, USA

    R. H. Jones

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© 1987 Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, Dordrecht

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Losch, W. (1987). Intergranular Fracture. In: Latanision, R.M., Jones, R.H. (eds) Chemistry and Physics of Fracture. NATO ASI Series, vol 130. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3665-2_25

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3665-2_25

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-94-010-8140-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-009-3665-2

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