Abstract
As early as 1741 a Jekel Reinach is mentioned in the Memory Book of the Jewish community in Mainz, and by the end of the century the Reinachs were already one of the most notable and well-to-do Jewish families in the city.2 The Record of Names of 1808 lists Salomon (formerly Seligmann) Reinach, Jacques (Mayer Herz) Reinach, Marx (Mayer Herz) Reinach, and Bernard Jacques (Beer Jacob) Reinach.3 The descendants of Jacques Reinach spread from Mainz to Frankfurt and from there to Paris. His grandson Adolf von Reinach (1814–1879), Belgian consul in Frankfurt, was created an Italian Baron in 1866, and founded the French Banking family of de Reinach — not to be confused with the Alsatian barons de Reinach — which played a major role in republican circles around the French politician Gambetta. In 1850 Adolf’s twin brother Hermann Joseph Reinach, then already established in Paris, married Julie Büding from Kassel. Among the three sons of this marriage Salomon (1858–1932), a prominent archaeologist and historian of religion, became a professor at the École de Louvre. He also translated Schopenhauer and established a critical edition of Augustine’s De Civitate Dei. His brother Théodore (1860–1923), professor of numismatics at the Collège de France, was a distinguished antiquarian and classical scholar, and editor of the works of the Jewish historian Flavius Josephus. The oldest of the three brothers was Joseph (1856–1921), a politician who was for some time a collaborator of Gambetta and played a major role in the so-called Dreyfus affair.
The few existing published biographies of Reinach are, if not unreliable (Oesterreicher 1952), then at best very succinct (Avé-Lallemant 1975, 172–74, Crosby 1983, XI–X). In compiling the present essay we have used in particular Reinach’s letters to Husserl (Husserl Archives) and to Conrad and Daubert (Bavarian State Library, Munich). We draw further on Avé-Lallemant’s Catalogue of the Münchener Phänomenologennachlässe, on Schuhmann’s Husserl-Chronik (The Hague: Nijhoff, 1977), and on the pertinent Vorlesungsverzeichnisse of the University of Göttingen. We have also profited from the “Historical Introduction” to Brettler 1974, 1–15. References not here given in full are to be found in the Reinach bibliography on pp. 299–332 below.
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References
The few existing published biographies of Reinach are, if not unreliable (Oesterreicher 1952), then at best very succinct (Avé-Lallemant 1975, 172–74, Crosby 1983, XI–X). In compiling the present essay we have used in particular Reinach’s letters to Husserl (Husserl Archives) and to Conrad and Daubert (Bavarian State Library, Munich). We draw further on Avé-Lallemant’s Catalogue of the Münchener Phänomenologennachlässe, on Schuhmann’s Husserl-Chronik (The Hague: Nijhoff, 1977), and on the pertinent Vorlesungsverzeichnisse of the University of Göttingen. We have also profited from the “Historical Introduction” to Brettler 1974, 1–15. References not here given in full are to be found in the Reinach bibliography on pp. 299–332 below.
We should like to thank the Bavarian State Library, the Husserl Archives, Louvain, and Oberarchivrat Schütz of the Stadtarchiv Mainz for providing copies of relevant materials. Special thanks are due to Fräulein Hertha Schmujlow and to Dr. Eberhard Avé-Lallemant, executors of Reinach’s literary estate, for their generous assistance and for their permission to quote extensively from Reinach’s letters. Thanks are due also to the Alexander von Humboldt Stiftung, under whose kind auspices Smith’s contributions to this essay were written.
See P. Arnsberg, Die jüdischen Gemeinden in Hessen. Anfang, Untergang, Neubeginn, Frankfurt: Societäts-Verlag, 1971/72, vol. 2, 12, 25.
Arnsberg, vol. 2, 36.
Anna Reinach, sketch of a “Lebenslauf”, in the Bavarian State Library, Ana 379 D II 1.
On the Munich circle see H. Spiegelberg, The Phenomenological Movement, 169f. (Our references to this work are always to the 3rd edition.)
Author of Zur Wesenslehre des psychischen Lebens und Erlebens, The Hague: Nijhoff, 1968.
Geiger published works in a range of subjects, from aesthetics and theoretical psychology to the axiomatics of Euclidean geometry.
Selz was an important member of the Würzburg school of psychologists around Oswald Külpe and Karl Bühler. His magnum opus, Über die Gesetze des geordneten Denkverlaufs (2 vols., Stuttgart: Spemann, 1913, Bonn: Cohen, 1922), contains anticipations of ideas on problem-solving which have since played a role in computer-oriented work in cognitive theory. 9 See Aloys Fischer, Leben und Werk, vol. I, ed., by Karl Kreitmair, Munich: Bayerischer Schulbuchverlag, 1950.
Author of a review of W. Jerusalem’s Der kritische Idealismus und die reine Logik, in Zeitschrift für Philosophie und philosophische Kritik, 134, 1909, 266–74. This review contains a defence of Husserl’s Logical Investigations against Jerusalem’s attacks which is entirely characteristic of the Munich phenomenologists. Husserl’s suggestion that Hirsch served in 1905/06 as private secretary to Brentano (see his letter to Brentano of 3 January 1905, published in Grazer Philosophische Studien, 6, 1978, p. 7) is erroneous (Hirsch was at that time in Munich), but seems to be correct for 1906/07. He studied in Munich, with some interruptions, from 1899 to 1912. In later years he lived in his home town of Pilsen (now Plzen, Czechoslovakia).
The psychiatrist Schwenninger studied in Munich from 1901 to 1907. He wrote a dissertation entitled Der Sympathiebegriff bei David Hume, in which he expounds Hume’s treatment of the concept of sympathy as presented in both the Treatise and the Enquiry. Hume is criticised in particular for his psychologism and for the failure to distinguish between perception and perceived object. Schwenninger later moved over to the medical field, where he was in close touch with Ludwig Binswanger.
After studying philosophy and psychology under Lipps from 1899–1901, Schmidt became an archaeologist. He took his dissertation under Furtwängler with a work entitled Lauf und Flug in der archäisch-griechischen Kunst (1908).
‘On the other hand’, Reinach goes on, life out there attracts me powerfully. I feel moved to rush into it and to act against all those vile scroundrels who are active there. But for politics one needs political economy and that is why I have chosen this as a subsidiary subject, for the time being at least. For when all is said and done, I want to earn my doctorate in psychology in the first place, on the one hand because philosophy is a good thing for me as a person, and then also because I don’t exactly know whether I would not at a later date like to switch over to it.
Letter of Kantorowicz to Gustav Radbruch, quoted in Karlheinz Muscheler, Relativismus und Freiheit Ein Versuch über Hermann Kantorowicz, Heidelberg: C. F. Müller Juristischer Verlag, 1984, 61, n.234. Reinach refers in passing to the Freirechtsschule in his article on William James: see p. 293 in this volume. Kantorowicz later moved to Oxford, from where he exerted some influence on Anglo-Saxon legal philosophy. On his activities in Munich see Karlheinz Muscheler, Hermann Ulrich Kantorowicz. Eine Biographie, Berlin: Duncker & Humblot, 1984, 17–23.
Letter to Conrad of April 1904. Witasek’s review is in the Beilage zur Allgemeinen Zeitung, 1904, Nr. 80, 33–35.
See Geiger, “Methodologische und experimentelle Beiträge zur Quantitätslehre”, in T. Lipps, ed., Psychologische Untersuchungen, 2, 1906, 325–522. In contrast to Meinong, who utilised an opposition between ‘divisible’ and ‘indivisible’ magnitudes, Geiger formulated an opposition between difference magnitudes and intensive magnitudes. This enabled him to take account e.g. of the fact that distances between objects are non-intensive yet also non-divisible.
The participants in the congress included G. E. Müller, Benussi, Külpe, Marbe, Messer, Natorp, Twardowski and Wertheimer.
Letter to Conrad of 16 June 1905.
Letter to Conrad of 14 April 1904.
Muscheler, Relativismus und Freiheit, 61, n. 234. But Radbruch stuck to his view and, on September 11, 1905, answered Kantorowicz’ letter: “In Sachen Reinach kann ich Ihnen freilich nicht recht geben, der Mann hat mir einen außerordentlich sympathischen Brief geschrieben und ich habe deshalb die Rezension nicht gern so absprechend gemacht.”
See H. Spiegelberg and E. Avé-Lallemant, eds., Pfänder-Studien, The Hague: Nijhoff, 1982.
Erhard was the author of a dissertation under Lipps on Die Psychologie als angebliche Grundlage von Geschichte und Sozialökonomie, 1907.
Raff was responsible for a very peculiar dissertation, Zur Ästhetik der Zahl (Munich, 1907), which deals with such problems as the characteristic aesthetic qualities of prime numbers and fractions, or the comparative ugliness of the numbers 8 and 10. A footnote in the introduction to the work reveals Raff’s Munich background. He there defines a Sachverhalt as follows: ‘Sachverhalt (Meinong’s “Objektiv”) ... a technical expression (taken over from Husserl’s logic) for the objectual relation correlated with a positive judgement’ (4).
Undated letter of Spring 1905.
The Phenomenological Movement, 167.
Weinmann was the author of a dissertation entitled Zur Struktur der Melodie (Leipzig: Barth, 1904), a somewhat Pythagorean treatment of tone-relations and melodic Gestalten in the spirit of Lipps. Weinmann died in October 1905.
Letter of 16 June 1905.
Daubert’s Nachlaß in the Bavarian State Library contains the only surviving record of these latter seminars: regarding the “Philosophische Übungen zur Einführung in die Hauptprobleme der Mathematik” see Daubertiana A I 5/71–79. Daubert’s notes to the “Geschichts-philosophische Übungen” are in his A I 12 (not yet transcribed). Together with the other Münchener, Reinach also attended Robert Vischer’s seminars on the history of art.
Husserl ‘ist sehr nett mit uns Münchnern, wir kommen sehr oft zu ihm’ (Letter to Conrad of 22 May 1905).
Letter to Conrad of 16 June 1905.
This is almost certainly the reason why Reinach did not participate in the memorable Seefeld discussions with Husserl and Pfänder in August 1905, which were attended by all the other members of the Munich group who had spent the semester in Göttingen. See Schuhmann, Husserl über Pfänder, The Hague: Nijhoff, 1973, 128–31.
Letter of 27 July 1906.
Letter to Conrad, 10 May 1906. There is also evidence that Reinach attended Pfänder’s Logic lectures of the winter semester 1905/06 (Pfänderiana B I 3, in the Bavarian State Library). See GS 102, n.2.
See pp. 283–285 in this volume tor a reconstruction of the text of this lecture, which was delivered on the 6th July.
Published at Tübingen by Mohr (Siebeck).
To see the distinction between 2. and 3., consider, for example, the actions of a soldier in a state of war.
The notes which follow are derived from the summary of Beling’s position presented in his Die Lehre vom Tatbestand, Tübingen: Mohr (Siebeck), 1930.
More precisely: Beling distinguishes between primary and secondary delict-types (the distinction between, for example, murder and attempted murder, or between theft and sheltering a thief). Where instances of primary delict-types are independent, capable of existing in their own right, instances of secondary delict-types are dependent formations, in need of supplementation by instances of corresponding primary delict-types with which they are associated. It is from the latter that they gain their unity and it is upon the latter that they depend for their existence. A similar sort of dependence applies also in relation to the concepts agent, accomplice, victim, etc. See K. Engisch, Die Idee der Konkretisierung in Recht und Rechtswissenschaft unserer Zeit, Heidelberg: Winter, 1953.
Gesammelte Schriften (= GS), 172n.; trans., 48.
The question which schemata play a role within the framework of the law is for Beling a normative question. He talks of the schema being constitutive or regulative for the delict-type. (He also speaks of the schema as being logically or conceptually prior, as being that which makes the delict-type understandable — and he sees here an analogy with the relation between a piece of music and its performance.) He conceives the formation of given historically existing arrays of legal schemata as being also to some extent a matter of external social factors. Beling is, however, perfectly clear that the question as to which delict types exist in a given society and which specific scales of punishment are associated therewith is not an arbitrary matter — is not, e.g. a mere reflection of decisions of a law-giver.
It is interesting that Beling, like Reinach, makes a clear terminological distinction between ‘Tatbestand’ and ‘Sachverhalt’. Thus in his Grundzüge des Strafrechts, 1930, Beling distinguishes between the Tatbestand ‘als Bestandteil des gesetzlichen . . . Rechtssatzes’ and the Sachverhalt ‘als den konkreten Lebensfall, der juristisch beurteilt werden soll’, a usage which was adopted, inter alia, by his student Karl Engisch.
See Hildebrand’s autobiographical essay, 1975, 78: In Reinach ‘I met the philosopher who impressed me most deeply with his unconditional love of truth, his intellectual power, his thoroughness, and his quite unique clarity. The many discussions of philosophical questions I had with him were a great gift to me. In Göttingen he came to be my only teacher.’ Hildebrand became known mainly for his work in ethics. In later years he converted to Catholicism and wrote treatises of a speculative metaphysical kind based on Catholic doctrine.
On 6 February 1908 Alexander Rosenblum spoke on “Lukasiewicz: Analysis and Constitution of the Concept”. On Rosenblum, a close friend of Reinach, see Husserl’s Briefe an Roman Ingarden, “Erläuterungen”, 143, n.12: ‘He was a well-informed phenomenologist, but did not publish anything. All his manuscripts were destroyed in the Jewish revolt against Nazi terror in Warsaw in 1944.’
Schapp, who earned his doctorate under Husserl in 1909, is of interest here in that his career in some respects runs parallel to that of Reinach. He too applied logical and ontological notions — in his case the notion of a Geschichte (story, history) — in the sphere of legal theory. Geschichten, for Schapp, take the place of schemata for Beling and of Sachverhalte for Reinach, and they may in some respects be compared to the language games of the later Wittgenstein. (See Hermann Lübbe, ‘“Sprachspiele’ und ‘Geschichten’“, Bewußtsein in Geschichten, Freiburg: Rombach, 1972, 81–114.) In his Die neue Wissenschaft vom Recht, (Berlin: Verlag für Staatswissenschaft und Geschichte, 1930/32) Schapp states that among phenomenologists his position lay closest to that of Reinach, from whom ‘I have gained more than from all others’, though he is careful to note that both he and Reinach had received much of their training from Pfänder and Daubert (182).
This work was not published at the time, but in 1911 Reinach announced the imminent publication of a revised version under the title “Judgement and Sachverhalt” (see his 1911a, 196, n.1). This note is not included in the GS, which does however contain a reference to the work as containing ‘investigations into the problem of judgement and the problem of the a priori’ (6, n.1). At the end of 1908 there must have existed two, if not three copies of the work, but none of them seems to have survived. It is also unclear why the project of publishing the work was never realised.
Among the materials he submitted to the Faculty was a short Lebenslauf, from which we reproduce the following extract:
I spent the summer term of 1905 in Göttingen, where I occupied myself principally with logic and theory of cognition under the direction of Professor Husserl. During this time I also continued my legal and historical studies. In the conviction that it is advisable for a philosopher to master some individual science, I dedicated myself entirely to the study of jurisprudence ... I spent the second half of the summer semester of 1907 in Göttingen, in order to take part in the ‘intimate seminars’ (not announced) of Professor Husserl.
I then studied further in Munich, occupying myself mainly with investigations in logic and the theory of knowledge from out of which the submitted work on Wesen und Systematik des Urteils has grown. In addition I attended during this time lectures on mathematics and theoretical physics. (From Reinach’s file in the Universitätsarchiv, Göttingen).
See the Appendix to Schuhmann’s essay on Husserl and Reinach in this volume.
Letter of 26 March 1909.
Müller was one of the last representatives in Germany of the empiricist, associationistic approach to psychology. Husserl’s phenomenology was, as far as he was concerned, nothing but pure verbiage (‘Wortklauberei’: see H. Spiegelberg, Phenomenology in Psychology and Psychiatry, Evanston: Northwestern University Press, 1972, 34). Compare however n.53 below.
Though it did in fact conclude with the recommendation that Reinach should be admitted to the habilitation.
Postcards to Conrad of 8 March and 5 December 1909.
Letter to Husserl of 6 May 1909.
“In an undated letter to Conrad of May or June 1909, Reinach gives the theme of his seminar as “die Hauptideen der neuen, von Husserl eingeleiteten Bewegung”. This is of particular interest, since it seems to be the first place where phenomenology is referred to as a ‘Bewegung’, a manner of speech which would have been familiar to Reinach both from the German ‘Jugendbewegung’ of the time and also, perhaps, from William James’ Pragmatism of 1907, Jerusalem’s German translation of which had just appeared. In his “Markers on the Road to the Phenomenological Movement” (Philosophy and Phenomenological Research, 43, 1983, 299–306) Schuhmann had traced the term to the year 1912, when it was used by Husserl and Conrad-Martius, and the fact that the latter was a devoted student of Reinach lends plausibility to the thesis that it is he who was responsible for so fatefully baptising phenomenology as a ‘movement’ in 1909.
Katz was later to become famous through his book, Die Erscheinungsweise der Farben und ihre Beeinflussung durch die individuelle Erfahrung (Zeitschrift für Psychologie, Ergänzungsband 7), the 2nd edition of which was published in an abridged translation as The World of Colour (London: Kegan, Paul, Trench and Trubner, 1935). This work was written under the direction of G.E. Müller but as Katz himself points out (see p. 30 of the German edition), it was influenced also by Husserl’s lectures in Göttingen.
See the fragment on impersonal sentences in the Gesammelte Schriften, 117–20: §12 of Smith’s trans. of “Zur Theorie des negativen Urteils”. 55 Ana 379 B II 4, 250.
Ibid., 292. See also GS, 92, n.2 = Smith trans. 346.
The Phenomenological Movement, 191 f.
In E. Husserl, Briefe an Roman Ingarden, The Hague: Nijhoff, 1968, 114. Compare also Hildebrand’s remark in his Moralia, Regensburg: Habbel, 1980, 486: ‘Welch unerhörtes Geschenk war es, ein Schüler des genialen Adolf Reinach sein zu dürfen.’
E. Stein, Aus dem Leben einer jüdischen Familie, Louvain-Freiburg: E. Nauwelaerts-Herder, 1965, 195.
‘Einführung in die Erkenntnistheorie”: we employ the translation “Theory of Cognition” rather than the more usual “Epistemology” or “Theory of Knowledge”, here, in order to draw a firm line between the conception of Erkenntnistheorie as a descriptive discipline (a conception to be found above all in the work of Reinach, Stumpf and the early Husserl) and the views of the Neo-Kantians, for whom Erkenntnistheorie begins and ends with the question ‘how is knowledge possible?’
Letter to Conrad of 27 October 1909.
H. Spiegelberg, Scrap-book (unpublished MS, quoted with the author’s permission). Stavenhagen later published a treatise — Absolute Stellungnahmen — applying Reinach’s ideas to the philosophy of religion.
Letter to Conrad, September 1910.
This text is translated on pp. 292–298 in this volume.
Ana 279 B I 1.
Koyré later became a prominent historian of philosophy and of science, working especially on Galileo, Descartes and Newton. The meetings of the Philosophische Gesellschaft were regularly attended also by the mathematician Richard Courant who, in conversation with Spiegelberg, remembered Reinach as ‘a major figure in the Göttingen philosophical circle’ (Spiegelberg, Scrap-Book.)
See the discussion in Schuhmann’s paper on Husserl and Reinach on pp. 248f of this volume.
Kant-Studien, 16 (1911), 525.
Ana 379 B I 2 and B II 1.
‘Akte, die nicht in sich selbst ruhen’ (Ana 379 B II 1, 334). See also Ana 379 B I 1, 14 Dec. 1911.
Ana 379 B II 1, 308f.
Ana 379 B I 3. One of the students attending ‘many of the lectures . . . of Reinach’ arond this time was the psychologist Erwin Straus. See H. Spiegelberg, Phenomenology in Psychology and Psychiatry, 264 and Scrap-book. Reinach’s influence can perhaps be detected in Straus’s “Wesen und Vorgang der Suggestion” of 1925 (repr. in his Psychologie der menschlichen Welt, Berlin: Springer, 1960, 17–70), especially in his treatment of the Husserlian theory of meaning and communication.
Kluckhohn later enjoyed a distinguished career as a specialist in the field of German romantic literature, becoming famous as an editor of Novalis. At this time he was working on a book later published as Die Auffassung der Liebe in der Literatur des 18. Jahrhunderts und in der deutschen Romantik (Halle: Niemeyer, 1922), the greater part of which was written in 1912. In the Foreword to the book Kluckhohn writes: ‘Den unvergeßlichen Adolf Reinach, mit dem ich mehrere Abschnitte, die die Geschichte der Philosophie betreffen, noch durchsprechen durfte, erreicht ein gedruckter Dank nicht mehr.’ (vi).
The 2nd of Husserl’s Logical Investigations is of course devoted to the theories of abstraction of the British empiricists. Theodor Lipps was responsible for the standard German translation of Hume’s Treatise and directed dissertations on Hume not only by Schwenninger (see n.11 above) but also by Anton Feigs (Die Begriffe der Existenz, Substanz und Kausalität bei Hume, 1904). Further, the dissertation of P. F. Linke on Hume’s concept of relation (D. Humes Lehre vom Wissen. Ein Beitrag zur Relationstheorie im Anschluß an Locke und Hume, Leipzig: Engelmann, 1901), though submitted in Leipzig, was in fact prompted by Lipps, under whom Linke had studied in 1897 and 1898. (See GS 21, n.l, where Reinach praises Linke’s work.)
Ana 379 B II 2, 26. Compare Husserl’s “Nachwort zu meinen ‘Ideen...” (1930), where Husserl describes Hume’s Treatise as ‘der erste Entwurf einer geschlossenen Phänomenologie’ (Husserliana V, 155).
An entire file in Daubert’s Nachlaß is devoted to the logic and phenomenology of questions (Daubertiana A I 2). This file was written in the period 1911–12, though Daubert’s treatment of the problem of non-objectifying acts goes back as far as 1904. See the letter to Weinmann in Daubertiana A I 5/83, translated in Smith, “Materials Towards a History of Speech Act Theory”, in A. Eschbach (ed.), Karl Bühler’s Theory of Language (Amsterdam, 1987).
This has now been published in the Pfänder-Studien, 295–324.
Halle: Niemeyer, 14f.
The next chapter in the history of the theory of speech acts belongs rather to linguistics, and more precisely to the work on the internal and external aspects of linguistic formations (‘Sprachgebilde,’ ‘Sprechakte’) of Bühler, Dempe, Nehring and others. Here, too, there is a Munich connection. Thus Dempe, whose dissertation of 1928 restates a Husserlian view of language and its functions, incorporating various modifications proposed by Bühler, was a student of Linke. Bühler himself was Extraordinarius in Munich from 1913 to 1918, but up to now not much is known concerning the relations between Bühler and the Munich phenomenologists, especially Pfänder. On Linke and Munich see R. Smid, “‘Münchener Phänomenologie’ -Zur Frühgeschichte des Begriffs”, Pfänder-Studien, 134f. On Munich speech act theory in general see also Smith, “Phänomenologie und angelsächsische Philosophie”, Philosophischer Literaturanzeiger, 37 (1984), 400–5, and also his “Materials Towards a History of Speech Act Theory”, op. cit.
Anna Stettenheimer, born on June 21, 1884 in Stuttgart, had studied at Tübingen where Reinach made her acquaintance in the winter of 1906/07. She took her Ph.D. degree there in 1907, with a dissertation — Eine absolute Messung des Zeemanphänomens — on the physics of magnetic fields. After Reinach’s death she lived on in Göttingen and then in Munich for some years. In 1942, in order to avoid deportation by the Nazis, she was smuggled by friends through occupied France into Spain. She returned to Germany in 1950, where she died three years later.
Ana 379 B I 4. Among the students attending this seminar was Heinrich Rickert, Jr., son of the Neo-Kantian philosopher.
Ana 379 B II 3, 165–76. One of the participants in this seminar was Jean Hering (later Héring), a protestant theologian who later introduced phenomenology into France with his book Phénoménologie et philosophie religieuse (1926). In his paper “La phénoménologie d’Edmund Husserl il y a trente ans” (Revue internationale de philosophie, 1, 1939, 366–73), Hering seems to have attended the majority of Reinach’s courses during the period from 1909 utilité, parce qu’il savait, d’une manière admirable, se mettre à la portée des débutants’. (367) Hering seems to have attended the majority of Reinach’s courses during the period from 1909 to 1912.
Ana 379 B II 3, 177–88.
Ana 379 B I 5 and B II 4.
See Ana 379 B II 4, 287.
Ana 379 B II 4, 289, 291.
Loc.cit., 278.
Loc.cit., 280.
D. Cairns, Conversations with Husserl and Fink, The Hague: Nijhoff, 1976, 10.
Stein 1965, 192.
Ana 379 B II 5. Among those attending were Edith Stein, Kazimierz Ajdukiewicz and Roman Ingarden. See Ingarden’s Der Streit um die Existenz der Welt, II/1, Tübingen: Niemeyer, 1965, 342, n. 11. Spiegelberg reports in his Scrap-Book that Karl Jaspers, too, met Reinach at about this time, while visiting Göttingen.
Stein goes on: ‘Our circle raised certain objections to him at that time, and these finally compelled him to give up completely his original thesis. After Easter he began again from the very beginning. I was later able to discern this break too in his written drafts.’ (Aus dem Leben einer jüdischen Familie, 194f.) These drafts were later edited by Stein as “Über das Wesen der Bewegung” (GS, 406–61).
GS, 390; 206 of trans., our emphasis. The records of Reinach’s seminars reveal that he himself developed a theory of number according to which numbers are peculiar categorial formations which have their place only within the locus of Sachverhalte. Cf. Ana 379 B II 5, 359f.
Ana 379 B II 5, 371.
Cf. GS, 403f., trans. 219f.
Ana 379 B II 5, 375 (notes to Übungen of 13 February, 1914).
Briefe an Roman Ingarden, 114.
See Koyré 1922 in the bibliography below.
“See Lipps, Die Verbindlichkeit der Sprache, Frankfurt: Klostermann, 1977, 226f. (the Bergson volume mentioned here is the German translation of Bergson’s Essai sur les données immédiates de la conscience). Lipps’ most important publication in this field is his “Die Paradoxien der Mengenlehre”, Jahrbuch für Philosophie und phänomenologische Forschung, 6, 1923, 561–71. The two volumes of Lipps 1927/28, which are dedicated to Reinach, also go back to Reinach’s courses and seminars on the theory of cognition, and the influence of Reinach is manifest in the very titles of Lipps* writings.
For the winter of 1915/16 he announced lectures on the history of philosophy; for summer 1916 lectures on ethics, as well as seminars for both beginners and advanced students; for winter 1916/17 lectures on “Basic Questions of Ethics” and “Introduction to Philosophy”, as well as a “Seminar for Beginners on Leibniz”; for summer 1917 a lecture course with the title “Introduction to Philosophy” and seminars on problems of cognition.
GS, 406.
‘Eine der wenigen sicheren und grossen Hoffnungen der zeitgenössischen Philosophie’.
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Schuhmann, K., Smith, B. (1987). Adolf Reinach: An Intellectual Biography. In: Mulligan, K. (eds) Speech Act and Sachverhalt. Primary Sources in Phenomenology, vol 1. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3521-1_1
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