Skip to main content

Flow of Gas, Liquid and Solid

  • Chapter
Blast Furnace Phenomena and Modelling

Abstract

This chapter deals with the flow phenomena in the blast furnace. The blast furnace is a counter-current reactor of rising gas and descending liquid and solid. Since energy for reduction and heating of iron ore to produce pig iron is supplied by the rising gas, the flows of gas and solid in the furnace are crucial to furnace performance in both fuel rate and productivity. While all aspects of the flows of solid and liquid in the furnace are discussed, only a part of the interesting area of gas flow is mentioned in the present chapter. One of the major fields of interest, raceway phenomena, is discussed in Chapter 6.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 389.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 549.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 499.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. H. Nishio and T. Ariyama, Tetsu-to-Hagané, 68(1982), 2330.

    Google Scholar 

  2. R. L. Brown, Nature, 191(1961), 458.

    Google Scholar 

  3. H. Nishio, T. Ariyama, K. Wakimoto and A. Yamaguchi, Tetsu-to-Hagané, 68(1982), 1523.

    Google Scholar 

  4. K. Narita, S. Inaba, I. Kobayashi, K. Okimoto, M. Shizu, T. Yatabe and S. Tamada, Tetsu-to-Hagané, 65(1979), 358.

    Google Scholar 

  5. F. A. Yushin and N. N. Babarykin, Stal in Eng. (1964), 850.

    Google Scholar 

  6. T. Sugiyama, M. Nakamura, T. Uno and Y. Hara, Tetsu-to-Hagané, 62(1976), S39.

    Google Scholar 

  7. H. Nishio and T. Ariyama, Tetsu-to-Hagané, 66(1980), 1878.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. S. Ergun, Chem. Eng Progr., 48(1952), 89.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. J. P. Metcalf, Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci., 3(1966), 155.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Y. Mori, Ohyo-rikigaku, 4(1951), 42.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Y. Togino, S. Kume, M. Tateoka, S. Amano and I. Abe, Seitetsu-kenkyu, 288(1976), 11842.

    Google Scholar 

  12. R. Ando, T. Fukushima and S. Kishimoto, Tetsu-to-Hagané, 57(1971), S661.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. T. Izawa, M. Miure, K. Satomi, M. Saito, T. Miyamoto, T. Fukushima and T. Furukawa, Tetsu-to-Hagané, 63(1977), S446.

    Google Scholar 

  14. K. Narita, S. Inaba, M. Shimizu, I. Kobayashi, K. Okimoto and A. Yamaguchi, Tetsu-to-Hagané, 66(1980), 459.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. M. Higuchi, Short Course Blast Furnace Burden Distribution, presented at ISS-AIME Ironmaking Conference, Chicago, 1978.

    Google Scholar 

  16. M. Ikeda, H. Yamawaki, O. Kojima, K. Satomi, T. Shibuya and B. Iino, Nippon Kokan Technical Report, Overseas No. 28 (1980), 11.

    Google Scholar 

  17. M. Kondoh, K. Okabe, J. Kurihara, K. Okumura and S. Tomita, Tetsu-to-Hagané, 63(1977), S441.

    Google Scholar 

  18. M. Kondoh, Y. Konishi, K. Okabe, S. Tomita, S. Hashizume and J. Kurihara, Blast Furnace Conference, Aries, France, June 2–4, 1980, I-3

    Google Scholar 

  19. M. Kondoh, T. Koitabashi, K. Okabe, H. Marushima, H. Takahashi and J. Kurihara, Trans. ISIJ, 20(1980), B-251

    Google Scholar 

  20. S. Miwa, Report of Powder Technology Society of Japan, 1960, No. 26.

    Google Scholar 

  21. J. Kurihara, H. Takahashi, H. Marushima, T. Nagai, S. Tamura and M. Kondoh, Ironmaking Proc., 38(1979), 406.

    Google Scholar 

  22. J. Kurihara, S. Hashizume, H. Takahashi, H. Marushima, M. Yasuno and K. Okabe, Ironmaking Proc, 39(1980), 113.

    Google Scholar 

  23. T. Izawa, M. Miura, K. Satomi, M. Saito, T. Miyamoto, T. Fukushima and T. Furukawa, Tetsu-to-Hagané, 63(1977), S446.

    Google Scholar 

  24. K. Yoshimura, T. Sato, S. Fukihara, S. Shimazaki, K. Narita, M. Maekawa and H. Kanayama, Tetsu-to-Hagané, 64(1978) S551.

    Google Scholar 

  25. K. Kambara, T. Hagiwara, A. Shigemi, S. Kondo, Y. Kanayama, K. Wakabayashi and N. Hiramoto, Tetsu-to-Hagané, 62(1976), 535.

    Google Scholar 

  26. S. Kazikawa, N. Sumita, E. Yoshikoshi, T. Fukushima, T. Kamoshida and T. Furukawa, Tetsu-to-Hagané, 59(1973) A81.

    Google Scholar 

  27. T. Izawa, N. Sumita, S. Kazikawa, T. Fukushima and T. Furukawa, Tetsu-to-Hagané, 62(1976), S64.

    Google Scholar 

  28. S. Hashizume, H. Takahashi, T. Nakagawa, T. Tomita, M. Sato, M. Morioka and H. Koitabashi, Tetsu-to-Hagané, 64(1978), S108.

    Google Scholar 

  29. J. B. Wagstaff, Proc. Blast Furnace Coke Oven Raw Mater. Conf., AIME, 14(1955), 298.

    Google Scholar 

  30. B. S. Fialkov and B. K. Grizinov, Stal (1958), 495.

    Google Scholar 

  31. L. Z. Kodak and Yu. I. Borisov, Powder Tech., 4(1970/71), 187.

    Google Scholar 

  32. S. Toyama, H. Hirasue and K. Uchida, Funtai-kogaku-kenkyukai-shi, 10(1973), 146.

    Google Scholar 

  33. L. Z. Kodak and Yu. I. Borisov, Steel in USSR (1971), Mar., 182.

    Google Scholar 

  34. J. B. Wagstaff, Blast Furnace, Coke Oven and Raw Materials Proc, AIME (1953), 104.

    Google Scholar 

  35. L. Z. Kodak and Yu I. Borisov, Powder Technol. 4(1970/71), 187–94.

    Google Scholar 

  36. S. Toyama, H. Hirosuye and K. Uchida, J. Soc. Powder Technol. (Japan), 10(1973), 146.

    Google Scholar 

  37. M. Nakamura and T. Sugiyama, Fundamental Research Laboratories, Nippon Steel Corp., private communication (1980).

    Google Scholar 

  38. K. Narita, M. Shimizu and S. Inaba, Report of 54th Committee of Gakushin (Japan Society for Promotion of Science), Report No. 1537 (1980) (in Japanese).

    Google Scholar 

  39. M. Shimizu, A. Yamaguchi, S. Inaba and K. Narita, Tetsu-to-Hagané, 68(1982), 936–45.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. R. Jeshar, Arch. Eisenhüttenw., 35(1964), 91.

    Google Scholar 

  41. M. Hatano, B. Hiraoka, M. Fukuda and T. Masuike, Tetsu-to-Hagané, 62(1976), 505.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. J. B. Wagstaff, Blast Furnace, Coke Oven and Raw Materials Proc, AIME (1955), 298–325.

    Google Scholar 

  43. K. Horikawa and T. Izawa, Report of 54th Committee of Gakushin (Japan Society for Promotion of Science), Report No. 1371 (1976) (in Japanese).

    Google Scholar 

  44. Y. Omori (Ed.), Phenomena in Blast Furnaces and their Theoretical Analysis, JISI (1979), p. 13 (in Japanese).

    Google Scholar 

  45. Y. Nomiya, K. Kreibich and H. W. Gudenau, Tetsu-to-Hagané, 65(1979), S64.

    Google Scholar 

  46. M. Amatatsu, M. Zen, A. Yoshizawa and M. Tate, Tetsu-to-Hagané, 57(1971), 1461.

    Google Scholar 

  47. S. Kase, Y. Hayashi, K. Tamura, S. Matsui, K. Kojima, M. Nakamura and T. Nishi, Report of 54th Committee of Gakushin (Japan Society for Promotion of Science), Report No. 1448 (1978) (in Japanese).

    Google Scholar 

  48. Y. Shimomura, Y. Kushima and S. Arino, Report of 54th Committee of Gakushin (Japan Society for Promotion of Science), Report No. 1484 (1979) (in Japanese).

    Google Scholar 

  49. H. Nishio, W. Wenzel and H. W. Gudenau, Stahl u. Eisen, 97(1977), 867.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. K. Yoshimura, T. Sato, S. Fukihara, S. Shimazaki, K. Narita, M. Mayekawa and H. Kanayama, Tetsu-to-Hagané, 64(1978), S551.

    Google Scholar 

  51. K. Narita, S. Inaba, M. Shimizu and A. Yamaguchi, Tetsu-to-Hagané, 66(1980), S639.

    Google Scholar 

  52. K. Kuwano, Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, private communication (1980).

    Google Scholar 

  53. H. A. Janssen, V.D.I.-Zeit, 39(1895), 1014.

    Google Scholar 

  54. J. IC Walters, Chem. Eng. Sci., 28(1973), 779.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. K. Takeda et al., Tetsu-to-Hagané, 65(1979), S566.

    Google Scholar 

  56. M. Kuwabara et al., Tetsu-to-Hagané, 64(1978), S5.

    Google Scholar 

  57. T. Sugiyama et al., Tetsu-to-Hagané, 62(1976), S39.

    Google Scholar 

  58. C. Y. Wen et al., Am. Inst. Chem. Eng. J., 12(1966), 610.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  59. M. Nakamura et al., Tetsu-to-Hagané, 63(1977), 28.

    Google Scholar 

  60. N. Miyasaka et al., Tetsu-to-Hagané, 58(1972), 18.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. J. F. Elliott, R. A. Buchanan and J. B. Wagstaff, J. Metals, 194(1952), 709.

    Google Scholar 

  62. T. Fukutake and V. Rajakumar, Tetsu-to-Hagané, 66(1980), 1937;

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  63. T. Fukutake and V. Rajakumar, Trans. ISIJ, 22(1982), 355.

    Google Scholar 

  64. T. Fukutake, M. Kondo, Y. Konishi, K. Okabe and S. Hashizume, Tetsu-to-Hagané, 65(1979), A13.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. H. L. Shulman, C. F. Ullrich and N. Walls, Am. Inst. Chem. Eng. J., 1(1955), 247.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. T. Otake and K. Okada, Kagaku Kogaku, 17(1953), 176.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  67. H. S. Dombrowski and L. E. Brownell, Ind. Eng. Chem., 46(1954), 1207.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  68. J. F. Davidson, Trans. Inst. Chem. Eng., 37(1959), 131.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  69. D. M. Mohunta and G. S. Laddha, Chem. Eng. Sci. 20(1965), 1069.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  70. J. E. Buchanan, Ind. Eng. Chem., Fund., 6(1967), 400.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  71. H. Gelbe, Chem. Eng. Sci., 23(1968), 1401.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  72. G. C. Gardner, Chem. Eng. Sci., 5(1956), 101.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  73. N. A. Warner, Chem. Eng. Sci., 11(1959), 149.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  74. N. Standish, Chem. Eng Sci., 23(1968), 51, 945.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  75. S. Uchida and S. Fujita, Kogyo Kagaku Zasshi, 39(1936), 876;

    Google Scholar 

  76. S. Uchida and S. Fujita, Kogyo Kagaku Zasshi, 40(1937), 538;

    Google Scholar 

  77. S. Uchida and S. Fujita, Kogyo Kagaku Zasshi, 41(1938), 563.

    Google Scholar 

  78. A. Mersmann, Chem.-Ing-Tech., 37(1965), 218.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  79. R. Jeschar, W. Pötke, V. Peterson and K. Polthier, in Blast Furnace Aerodynamics (Ed. N. Standish), Austral. Inst. Min. Met. (1975), p. 136.

    Google Scholar 

  80. T. Fukutake and K. Okabe, Tetsu-to-Hagané, 66(1980), 1947.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  81. H. Brawer, Chem.-Ing.-Tech., 32(1960), 585.

    Google Scholar 

  82. F. Morton, P. J. King and B. Atkinson, Trans. Inst. Chem. Eng., 42(1964), 35.

    Google Scholar 

  83. T. Teutsch, Chem.-Ing.-Tech., 36(1964), 496.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  84. J. E. Buchanan, Ind. Eng. Chem., Fund., 8(1969), 502.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  85. T. Yamada, M. Sato, N. Miyazaki, H. Shimamura and S. Taguchi, Kawasaki Steel Tech. Rep., No. 6 (1974), p. 16.

    Google Scholar 

  86. T. K. Sherwood, G. H. Shipley and F. A. L. Holloway, Ind. Eng Chem., 30(1938), 765.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  87. W. E. Lobo, L. Friend, F. Hashmall and F. Zenz, Trans. Am. Inst. Chem. Eng., 41(1945), 693.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  88. S. V. Shavrin, I. M. Zaharov and B. V. Ipatov, Izv. VUZ. Cher. Met., No. 9 (1962), 54.

    Google Scholar 

  89. N. Standish and J. B. Drinkwater, J. Metals, 24(1972), 43.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  90. J. Szekely and J. Mendrykowski, Chem. Eng Sci., 27(1972), 959.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  91. C. Nakane, Y. Kuwano, K. Suzuki, K. Otani, K. Honda, T. S. Chan, M. Matsuzaki, C. W. Kim and M. Tate, Trans. ISIJ, 13(1973), 247.

    Google Scholar 

  92. N. Standish and L. Colquhoun, in Blast Furnace Aerodynamics (see reference 76), p. 20.

    Google Scholar 

  93. C. J. Shearer and J. F. Davidson, J. Fluid Mech., 22(1965), 321.

    Google Scholar 

  94. A. G. Cetinbudaklar and G. J. Jameson, Chem. Eng. Sci., 24(1969), 1669.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  95. B. E. T. Hutton, L. S. Leung, P. C. Brooks and D. J. Nicklin, Chem. Eng. Sci., 29(1974), 493.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  96. T. Usui and M. Ohmi, Tetsu-to-Hagané, 67(1981), S754;

    Google Scholar 

  97. T. Usui and M. Ohmi, Trans. ISIJ, 22(1982), B12.

    Google Scholar 

  98. M. Hatano and Y. Kajiwara, Report of 54th Committee, Japan Soc. for Promotion of Sci. and Technol., No. 1412 (1977).

    Google Scholar 

  99. W. Hyslop, in Blast Furnace Aerodynamics (see reference 76), p. 176.

    Google Scholar 

  100. Y. Kuwano, S. Yamamoto, K. Ohtani, K. Honda, T. Chan and C. Nakane, Tetsu-to-Hagané, 58(1972), 1203.

    Google Scholar 

  101. T. Fukutake and K. Okabe, Report of 54th Committee, Japan Soc. for Promotion of Sci. and Technol., No. 1508 (1979).

    Google Scholar 

  102. T. Fukutake, Doctoral Thesis, Kyoto University (1981).

    Google Scholar 

  103. T. Kamoshida, T. Fukushima and R. Ando, paper presented at discussion on Behavior of Combustion Zone of the Blast Furnace, at 87th meeting of ISIJ (1974), 12.

    Google Scholar 

  104. K. Narita, M. Maekawa, M. Deguchi and T. Saito, Tetsu-to-Hagané, 61(1975), S384.

    Google Scholar 

  105. M. Nakagome, Y. Kuwano and M. Tate, Tetsu-to-Hagané, 61 (1975), S385.

    Google Scholar 

  106. M. Tate, Y. Kuwano, M. Matsuzaki and H. Tsuji, Report of 54th Committee, Japan Soc. for Promotion of Sci. and Technol., No. 1362 (1975).

    Google Scholar 

  107. T. Inatani, T. Fukutake, H. Hamada, M. Kondo and K. Okabe, paper presented at discussion on Behavior of Combustion Zone of the Blast Furnace, at 87th meeting of ISIJ (1974), 1.

    Google Scholar 

  108. R. Jeschar, W. Pötke, C. Zellerfeld, K-P Ehlert and M. Mavroudis, Stahl u. Eisen, 100(1980), 623.

    Google Scholar 

  109. Y. Ohno and M. Schneider, Tetsu-to-Hagané, 65(1979), S625;

    Google Scholar 

  110. Y. Ohno and M. Schneider, Trans. ISIJ, 20(1980), B307.

    Google Scholar 

  111. M. Kondoh, Y. Konishi, Y. Morioka, S. Tomita and S. Hashizume, Tetsu-to Hagané, 65(1979), S597;

    Google Scholar 

  112. M. Kondoh, Y. Konishi, Y. Morioka, S. Tomita and S. Hashizume, Trans. ISIJ, 20(1980), B252.

    Google Scholar 

  113. Y. Ohno and K. Kondo, Tetsu-to-Hagané, 66(1980), S89;

    Google Scholar 

  114. Y. Ohno and K. Kondo, Trans. ISIJ, 20(1980), B494.

    Google Scholar 

  115. Y. Kajiwara and J. Szekely, Tetsu-to-Hagané, 64(1978), S33.

    Google Scholar 

  116. J. Szekely and Y. Kajiwara, Trans. ISIJ, 19(1979), 76.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  117. S. Goto and J. M. Smith, Am. Inst. Chem. Eng. J., 21(1975), 706.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  118. Y.-S. Hsieh, M. Kuwabara and I. Muchi, Tetsu-to-Hagané, 67(1981), S54;

    Google Scholar 

  119. Y.-S. Hsieh, M. Kuwabara and I. Muchi, Trans. ISIJ, 21(1981), B387.

    Google Scholar 

  120. Y. Ohno and K. Kondo, Tetsu-to-Hagané, 66(1980), S90;

    Google Scholar 

  121. Y. Ohno and K. Kondo, Trans. ISIJ, 20(1980), B495.

    Google Scholar 

  122. K. Okabe et al., Kawasaki Steel Technical Reports, No. 11 (1980), 34 (in Japanese).

    Google Scholar 

  123. F. Yoshikawa and J. Szekely, Ironmaking and Steelmaking, 8(1981), 159.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  124. T. Fukutake and K. Okabe, presented at Blast Furnace Hearth and Raceway Symposium, Newcastle, Australia, 1981.

    Google Scholar 

  125. J. Ohno et al., presented at Blast Furnace Hearth and Raceway Symposium, Newcastle, Australia, 1981.

    Google Scholar 

  126. T. Fukutake and K. Okabe, Trans ISIJ, 16(1976), 309.

    Google Scholar 

  127. T. Fukutake and K. Okabe, Trans ISIJ, 16(1976), 317.

    Google Scholar 

  128. Y. Hara and M. Tachimori, Report of 54th Committee of Gakushin (Japan Society for Promotion of Science), Report No. 1457 (1978) (in Japanese).

    Google Scholar 

  129. Y. Hara and M. Tachimori, Report of 54th Committee of Gakushin, Report No. 1485 (1979).

    Google Scholar 

  130. K. R. Rushton and S. C. Redshaw, Seepage and Groundwater Flow, John Wiley and Sons Ltd. (1979).

    Google Scholar 

  131. J. A. Ligett, J. Hydraulics Div., 103(1977), 353.

    Google Scholar 

  132. K. Ichihara and T. Fukutake, Systems, publication of Japan UNIVAC Users Association (1979), p. 39.

    Google Scholar 

  133. R. T-S. Cheng and C-R. Li, J. Hydrol, 20(1973), 49.

    Google Scholar 

  134. J. M. Burgess et al., paper presented at Eighth National Chemical Engineering Conference, Melbourne, Australia.

    Google Scholar 

  135. W. V. Pinczewski and W. B. V. Tanzil, Chem. Eng. Sci., 36(1981), 1039.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  136. T. Fukutake, K. Ichihara, H. Kawarada and M. Natori, presented at 101 ISIJ Meeting, Lecture No. 41, Tetsu-to-Hagané, 67(1981), S55.

    Google Scholar 

  137. M. Natori and H. Kawarada, Report Compt. Centre Univ. Tokyo, No. 5 (1976), 1.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Consortia

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1987 Elsevier Applied Science Publishers Ltd

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Committee on Reaction within Blast Furnace., Joint Society on Iron and Steel Basic Research., The Iron and Steel Institute of Japan. (1987). Flow of Gas, Liquid and Solid. In: Blast Furnace Phenomena and Modelling. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3431-3_4

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3431-3_4

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-94-010-8035-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-009-3431-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics