Abstract
Housing conditions and the thermal environment influence productivity of food animals by altering their heat production and thus exchange with their environment. Also feed intake and its use for maintenance and production can be changed. Housing itself may alter maintenance requirements by influencing activity and effective environmental temperature. Many experiments have been conducted to measure environmental/nutritional energetics of swine. At thermoneutral conditions, heat production depends mostly on feed intake and metabolic body size. Also physical activity is important in this respect. Within the thermoneutral zone environmental temperature does not affect heat production very much. Thermoneutral heat production must be known in order to calculate or determine critical temperatures at various housing conditions. Especially systems without bedding may alter the thermal demand of the environment upon the animal. Moreover housing systems may influence the level and/or pattern of activity and the related heat production. Stereotypies may have a clear effect on energy requirement for maintenance. Thus, rate of body weight gain will be affected if housing influences activity. These effects are similar to changes in feed allowance.
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Verstegen, M.W.A., Henken, A.M., Van Der Hel, W. (1987). Influence of Some Environmental, Animal and Feeding Factors on Energy Metabolism in Growing Pigs. In: Verstegen, M.W.A., Henken, A.M. (eds) Energy Metabolism in Farm Animals. Current Topics in Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, vol 44. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3363-7_5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3363-7_5
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