Abstract
Basic principles relating to the applications of high efficiency annular denuders for the sampling of gases and aerosols from the atmospheric environment are presented, and the analytical procedures for the simultaneous sampling and determination of nitric and nitrous acid, sulphur dioxide, ammonia and aerosolic species (ammonium, sulphate and nitrate ions) are reported. The described procedure permits us to obtain a full picture of most species responsible for acid deposition in the environment.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Adams, K.M., Japar, S.M. and Pierson, W.R. 1986. Development of a Mn02-coated cylindrical denuder for removing NO2 from atmospheric samples. Atmospheric Environment 20, 1211–1215.
Bailey, R.R., Field, P.E. and Wightman, J.P. 1976. Determination of low concentrations of hydrogen chloride in moist air. Analytical Chemistry 48, 1818–1819.
Bos, R. 1980. Automatic measurement of atmospheric ammonia. Journal of Air Pollution Control Association 30, 1222–1224.
Buttini, P., Di Palo, V. and Possanzini, M. 1987. Coupling of denuder and ion-chromatographic techniques for NO2 trace level determination in air. Science of the Total Environment 61, 59–72.
Cecchini, F., Febo, A. and Possanzini, M. 1985. High-efficiency annular denuder for formaldehyde monitoring. Analytical Letters 18 (A6), 681–693.
Chan, W.H., Hordstrom, R.J., Calvert, J.G. and Shaw, J.H. 1976. Kinetic study of HONO-formation and decay reactions in gaseous mixtures of HONO, NO, NO2, H2O and N2. Environmental Science & Technology 10, 674–682.
De Santis, F., Liberti, A. and Rotatori, M. 1985. Determinazione dellf acido cloridrico nellfatmosfera mediante campionamento con tubi di diffusione ad alta effeicienza. Acqua e Aria 6, 529–534.
De Santis, F. and Perrino, C. 1986. Personal sampling of aniline in working sites by using high-efficiency annular denuders. Annali di Chimica 76, 355–364.
Durham, J.L., Wilson, W.E. and Bailey, E.B. 1978. Application of an S02-denuder for continuous measurement of sulphur in submicrometric aerosols. Atmospheric Environment 12, 883–886.
Febo, A., Di Palo, V. and Possanzini, M. 1986. The determination of tetraalkyl lead in air by a denuder diffusion technique. Science of the Total Environment 48, 187–194.
Ferm, M. 1979. Method for determination of atmospheric ammonia. Atmospheric Environment 13, 1385–1393.
Ferm, M. and Sjodin, A. 1985. A sodium carbonate-coated denuder for determination of nitrous acid in the atmosphere. Atmospheric Environment 19, 979–983.
Ferm, M. 1986. A Na2C03~coated denuder and filter for determination of gaseous HNO3 and particulate NO3 in the atmosphere. Atmospheric Environment 20, 1193–1201.
Forrest, J., Spandau, D.J., Tanner, R.L. and Newman, L. 1982. Determination of atmospheric nitrate and nitric acid employing a diffusion denuder with a filter pack. Atmospheric Environment 16, 1473–1485.
Hewitt, C.N. and Harrison, R.M. 1985. Tropospheric concentrations of the hydroxyl radical-A review. Atmospheric Environment 19, 545–554.
Larson, T.V. and Taylor, G.S. 1983. On the evaporation of ammonium nitrate aerosol. Atmospheric Environment 17, 2489–2495.
Liberti, A., Allegrini, I., De Santis, F., Di Palo, V., Febo, A., Perrino, C. and Possanzini, M. 1987. Annular denuder method for sampling reactive gases and aerosols in the atmosphere. Science of the Total Environment 67, 1–16.
Lindquist, F. 1985. Determination of nitric acid in ambient air by gas chromatography-photoionization detection after collection in a denuder. Journal of the Air Pollution Control Association 35, 19–23.
McClenny, W.A., Galley, P.C., Braman, R.S. and Shelley, T.J. 1982. Tungstic acid technique for monitoring nitric acid and ammonia in ambient air. Analytical Chemistry 54, 365–369.
Niessner, R. and Klockow, D. 1981. A new approach to the determination of atmospheric strong acids. Proc. 9th Annual Conference of the Association for Aerosol Research, Duisburg, F.R.G., Sept. 23–25.
Possanzini, M., Febo, A. and Liberti, A. 1983. New design of a high- performance denuder for the sampling of atmospheric pollutants. Atmospheric Environment 17, 2605–2610.
Possanzini, M., Febo, A. and Cecchini, F. 1984. Development of a KI annular denuder for N02 collection. Analytical Letters 17 (A10), 887–896.
Slanina, J., Lamonen-Doornenbal, L., Lingerak, W.A., Meilof, W., Klockow, D. and Niessner, R. 1981. Application of a thermo- denuder analyser to the determination of H2SO4, HNO3 and NH3 in air. Intern. J. Environ. Anal. Chem. 9, 59–70.
Stelson, A.W., Friedlander, S.K. and Seinfeld, J.H. 1979. A note on the equilibrium relationship between ammonia and nitric acid and particulate ammonium nitrate. Atmospheric Environment 13, 369–371.
Stevens, R.K., Dzubay, T.G., Russwurm, G. and Rickel, D. 1978. Sampling and analysis of atmospheric sulphates and related species. Atmospheric Environment 12, 55–68.
Stockwell, W.R. and Calvert, J.G. 1978. The near ultraviolet absorption spectrum of gaseous HONO and N2O3. Journal of Photochemistry 8, 193–203.
Tanner, R.L., D’Ottavio, T., Garber, R. and Newman, L. 1980. Determination of ambient aerosol sulphur using a continuous flame photometric detection system. I. Sampling system for aerosol sulphate and sulphuric acid. Atmospheric Environment 14, 121–127.
Weinstein, L.H. and Mandl, R.H. 1971. The separation and collection of gaseous and particulate fluorides. VDI Berichte 164, 53–63.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1988 Kluwer Academic Publishers
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Liberti, A., Febo, A., Possanzini, M. (1988). High Efficiency Annular Denuders for the Determination of Species Responsible for Atmospheric Acidity. In: Unsworth, M.H., Fowler, D. (eds) Acid Deposition at High Elevation Sites. NATO ASI Series, vol 252. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3079-7_27
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3079-7_27
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-010-7883-2
Online ISBN: 978-94-009-3079-7
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive