Skip to main content

Quality of Composts: Organic Matter Stabilization and Trace Metal Contamination

  • Chapter
The Science of Composting

Summary

Recycling organic wastes in agriculture after appropriate biological treatment can produce organic matter resources and be of great interest in countries where soils are depleted. However the quality of end-products must be assessed. This paper deals with two main problems:

  • the development of reliable, rapid and normalized procedures for the monitoring of organic matter

  • the evaluation of risks arising from the presence of micropollutants such as trace metals.

Information provided by various analytical procedures is presented. Special attention is given to spectroscopic measurements for the monitoring of organic matter and, for trace metal speciation, to chemical sequential extraction and to gel exclusion chromatography coupled with a double detection (U.V. and atomic absorption spectrophotometry).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 259.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 329.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 329.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Baham J., Ball N.B., Sposito G. (1978). Gel filtration studies of trace metal-fulvic acid solutions extracted from sewage sludges. Journal of Environmental Quality, 7(2), 181–187.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Canarutto S., Petruzzelli G., Lubrano L., Vigna Guidi G. (1991). How composting affects heavy metal content. BioCycle, 32(6). 48–50.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chen Y., Senesi N., Schnitzer M. (1977). Information provided on humic substances by E4/E6 ratios. Soil Science Society American Journal, 41, 352–358.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • De Bertoldi M., Zucconi F., Civilini M. (1988). Temperature, pathogen control and product quality. BioCycle. 29(2). 43–50.

    Google Scholar 

  • De Nobili M., Petrussi F. (1988). Humification Index (HI) as evaluation of the stabilization degree during composting. Journal of Environmental Technology, 66(5), 577–583.

    Google Scholar 

  • Deiana S., Gessa C., Manunza B., Rausa R., Seeber R. (1990). Analytical and spectroscopic characterization of humic acids extracted from sewage sludge, manure. and worm compost. Soil Science, 150(1), 419–424.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Domeizel M., Valentin N., Massiani C., Lloppart P. (1995). Monitoring of organic matter during composting. Proceeding of the International Conference ‘The Science of Composting’. Bologne 30 May-2 June.

    Google Scholar 

  • Finstein M.S., Miller F.C., Strom P.F. (1986). Monitoring and evaluating composting process performance. Journal of the Water Pollution Control Federation, 58(4), 272–278.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gallot S., Thomas O. (1993). Fast and easy interpretation of a set of absorption spectra: theory and qualitative applications for U.V. examination of water and wastewaters. Fresenius Journal of Analytical Chemistry, 346, 976–983.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gamble D.S. (1986). Interactions between natural organic polymers and metals in soil and fresh water systems: Equilibria. In: Bernhard M., Brinkman F.E., Sadler P.J. (Ed.), Dahlem Konferenzen. Springer-Verlag Berlin. Heidelberg.

    Google Scholar 

  • García C., Hernandez T., Costa F., Ayuso M. (1992). Evaluation of the maturity of municipal waste compost using simple chemical parameters. Commun Soil Science and Plant Anal., 23 (13&14), 1501–1512.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • García C., Hernández H., Costa F. (1990). The influence of composting and maturation processes on the heavy-metal extractability from some organic wastes. Biological Wastes, 31, 291–301.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Giusquiani P.L., Gigliotti G., Businelli D. (1992). Mobility of heavy metals in urban waste-amended soils. Journal of Environmental Quality. 21, 330–335.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Govi M., Ciavatta C., Gessa C. (1993). Evolution of organic matter in sewage sludge: a study based on the use of humification parameters and analytical electrofusing. Bioresource Technology, 44, 175–180.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Inbar Y., Chen Y., Hadar Y., Hoitink H.A.J. (1990). New approaches to compost maturity. BioCycle, 31(12), 64–69.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jiménez E.I., Garcia V.P. (1989). Evaluation of city refuse compost maturity: a review. Biological Wastes, 27, 115–142.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kersten M., Förstner U. (1995). Speciation of trace metals in sediments and combustion waste. In Ure A.M. and Davidson C.M., Chemical Speciation in the Environment. Blackie Academic & professional.

    Google Scholar 

  • Liao P.H., Vizcarra A.T., Chen A., Lo K.V. (1993). Composting of separated solid swine manure. Journal of environmental Science and health, A28(9), 1889–1901.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Morel J.L. (1982). L’évaluation de la maturité des composts urbains par une méthode colorimétrique. Compost Information, 10, 4–8.

    Google Scholar 

  • Morvan B. (1992). Parameters for sorting/composting of municipal solid wastes. In: Jackson D.V., Merillot J.M. and L’Hermite P. (Ed.), Composting and compost quality assurance criteria., Commission of the European Communities, EUR 14254 EN, 94–97.

    Google Scholar 

  • Niemeyer J., Chen Y., Bollag J.M. (1992). Characterization of humic acids, composts, and peats by diffuse reflectance Fourrier-transformed infrared spectroscopy. Soil Science Society American Journal, 56, 135–140.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Petruzzelli G., Szymura I., Lubrano L., Pezzarossa B. (1989). Chemical speciation of heavy metals in different size fractions of compost from solid urban wastes. Environmental Technology Letters, 10,521–526.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Prudent P., Massiani C., Thomas O. (1993). Evolution of heavy metal species in leachates and in the solid phase during composting of municipal solid wastes. In ; Vernet J.P. (Ed.), Studies in Environmental Science, 55, Environmental Contamination, Elsevier.

    Google Scholar 

  • Prudent P., Domeizel M., Massiani C.,Thomas O. (1995). Gel chromatography separation and U.V. spectroscopic characterization of humic-like substances in urban composts. The Science of the Total Environment, in press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Riffaldi R., Levy-Minzi R., Saviozzi A., Capurro M. (1992). Evaluating garbage compost. BioCycle, 33(1), 66–69.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Saviozzi A., Levi-Minzi R, Riffaldi R. (1988). Maturity evaluation of organic waste. BioCycie, 29(3), 54–56.

    Google Scholar 

  • Saviozzi A., Levi-Minzi R., Riffaldi R, Benetti A. (1992). Evaluating compost garbage. BioCycle, 33(1), 72–75.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sugahara K., Inoko A. (1981). Composition analysis of humus and characterization of humic acid obtained from city refuse compost. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 27(2), 213–224.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wang Z.J., Stumm W. (1987). Heavy metal complexation by surfaces and humic acids: a brief discourse on assessment by acidimetric titration. Netherland Journal of Agricultural Science, 35, 231–240.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Marco de Bertoldi Paolo Sequi Bert Lemmes Tiziano Papi

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1996 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Massiani, C., Domeizel, M. (1996). Quality of Composts: Organic Matter Stabilization and Trace Metal Contamination. In: de Bertoldi, M., Sequi, P., Lemmes, B., Papi, T. (eds) The Science of Composting. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1569-5_19

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1569-5_19

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-94-010-7201-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-009-1569-5

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics