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The Chemistry of Transition Metal Carbides and Nitrides pp 439–454Cite as

Characterization of the electronic and catalytic properties of the vanadium carbide: A comparative study of VC/V(110) model surfaces and VC powder materials

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Abstract

We report here a comparative investigation of the electronic and catalytic properties of VC/V(110) model surfaces and VC powder catalysts. Our experimental results indicate that both the filled and unfilled-portions of the vanadium d-band are significantly modified due to the formation of carbide. By using CO and unsaturated hydrocarbons as probing molecules on the VC/V(110) surface, we observe a reduction in the charge donation from the metal d-band to the π* antibonding orbitals of the adsorbates, suggesting a narrowing of the filled-portion of the d-band on the carbide-modified surface. On the other hand, a comparison of the L-edge transitions in vanadium and vanadium carbide powder materials suggests that the unfilled-portion of the vanadium d-band is broadened as a result of carbide formation.

These electronic properties in turn give rise to some unique catalytic properties for vanadium carbide. Compared to metallic vanadium, vanadium carbide shows an enhancement in the activation of the C-H bond of alkanes and a reduction in the interaction with the C=C bond of alkenes. The surface reactivity of VC/V(110) can be generally described as similar to those of Pt group metals, although the VC/V(110) surface might have an even higher activity towards the activation of C-H bonds. The dehydrogenation of isobutane on VC powder catalysts will be compared to the reactivities of the VC/V(110) model surfaces.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Corporate Research Laboratories, Exxon Research and Engineering Company, Annandale, NJ, 08801, USA

    J. G. Chen, B. Frühberger, M. D. Weisel, J. E. Baumgartner & B. D. De Vries

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  1. J. G. Chen
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  2. B. Frühberger
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  3. M. D. Weisel
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  4. J. E. Baumgartner
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  5. B. D. De Vries
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, 24061-0211, USA

    S. T. Oyama (Professor) (Professor)

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© 1996 Chapman & Hall

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Chen, J.G., Frühberger, B., Weisel, M.D., Baumgartner, J.E., De Vries, B.D. (1996). Characterization of the electronic and catalytic properties of the vanadium carbide: A comparative study of VC/V(110) model surfaces and VC powder materials. In: Oyama, S.T. (eds) The Chemistry of Transition Metal Carbides and Nitrides. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1565-7_24

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1565-7_24

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-94-010-7199-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-009-1565-7

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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