Abstract
Oil Palm cultivation in Malaysia has provided the world’s largest producer of crude palm oil with more than 7 million tonnes in 1994. Besides producing the crude oil, it also generate the solid waste ie. palm shells, empty fruit bunches and fruit fibres. Part of these waste are used to generate the energy to run the palm oil mill. Surplus amount of hard palm shells are available and could be converted into activated carbon after the conversion to palm char and pyrolysis oil.
Preliminary studies were made on the characteristics of palm oil shells in terms of size distribution, physical and chemical properties and the thermal behaviours using TGA. Later an investigation was conducted on the char and liquid derived fuel from oil palm solid waste via fast pyrolysis. For this purpose, fluidised bed pyrolysis were conducted in an inert bed at varying temperature from 400 to 600°C. The liquid product was analysed for its properties and compared with other biomass pyrolysis oils and petroluem fuels. The influence of some process conditions on the relative proportions of the liquid and solid products together with its properties and characteristics are presented. Some data on palm shell char characteristics were also given.
Keywords
- Fluidised bed pyrolysis
- oil palm shell
- palm char
- pyro-crude oil
- thermal analysis(TGA)
This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution.
Buying options
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Besler, S., Horne, P.A. and Williams, P.T. (1992), The Fuel Properties of Biomass Derived Pyrolytic Oils and Catalytically Upgraded Products, in Renewable Energy Technology and Environment (Sayigh, A.A.W (ed)):Pergammon Press, pp 1341–1345.
F.N. Ani and Gibbs B.M.(1992), The Thermal Characteristics of Oil Palm Solid Wastes, Second International Energy Conference, Energy from Biomass Residues, 17–19 August 1992, Kuala Lumpur.
Ku Halim Ku Hamid, Ramlan Abdul Aziz and Normah Mulop(1992), Activated Carbon Plant for Cottage Industry, Second International Energy Conference, Energy from Biomass Residues, 17–19 August, Kuala Lumpur.
Ramlan Zailani (1995), Fluidised Bed Pyrolysis of Organic Solid Waste, MEng Thesis, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.
Bridgewater, A.V. and Bridge, S.A.(1991), A Review of Biomass Pyrolysis and Pyrolysis Technologies in Biomass Pyrolysis Liquids, Upgrading and Utilisation, Bridgwater A.V. and Grassi G.(eds): pp 11–92, Elsevier Applied Science, London.
Scott, D. S. and Piskorz J. (1985), Production of Liquids from Biomass by Continuous Flash Pyrolysis, Vol III, Bioenergy 84 (H. Egneous and A. Ellegard, eds) Elsevier Applied Science, London, pp 15–18.
Solantausta, Y., Nylund, N.O., Westerholm, M., Koljonen, T. & Oasmaa, A. (1993), Wood Pyrolysis Oil as Fuel in a Diesel-Power Plant’. Bioresource Technology, 46, pp 177–188.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1997 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Ani, F.N., Zailani, R. (1997). Characteristics of Pyrolysis Oil and Char from Oil Palm Shells. In: Bridgwater, A.V., Boocock, D.G.B. (eds) Developments in Thermochemical Biomass Conversion. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1559-6_33
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1559-6_33
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-010-7196-3
Online ISBN: 978-94-009-1559-6
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive