Abstract
A coupled time dependent one-dimensional radiative-convective and photochemical diffusion model which takes into account the interactions of ozone photochemistry on climate is used to investigate the radiative-photochemical perturbation effects of large injections of smoke, dust and NOx on atmospheric temperature and ozone structure, surface climate and UV-B radiation. The coupled one-dimensional experiments were carried out for three different smoke-dust-NOx vertical partionings in the atmosphere. It is found that when the smoke is confined to the troposphere in conjunction with NOx injection into the stratosphere, the land surface temperature decreases by about 29°C within three weeks with intense heating in the upper air (up to 87°C). The addition of dust and dust mixed with 5% of smoke into the stratosphere would further enhance and prolong both the surface cooling and upper air heating with reduced levels of cooling at the surface lasting for a year or more.
The results of experiments on the atmospheric ozone layer indicate that the total ozone column decreases between 34 and 49% with half recovery times ranging from 600 to 700 days depending again on the smoke-dust-NOx vertical pardoning. The results also reveal that more than half the ozone depletions are caused by the heating of the stratosphere by smoke and dust and from other radiative-photochemical interactions. This suggests that one can expect significant ozone depletions from the emissions of smoke and dust alone into the atmosphere without the injection of NOx into the stratosphere. Also discussed are the results of sensitivity experiments with reduced smoke, dust and NOx injections into the atmosphere and the effects of stratospheric ozone depletions on the amount of solar UV-B radiation reaching the earth’s surface.
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Vupputuri, R.K.R. (1988). The Interactive Effects of Large Injections of Smoke, Dust and Nox on Atmospheric Temperature and Ozone Structure and Surface Climate. In: El-Sabh, M.I., Murty, T.S. (eds) Natural and Man-Made Hazards. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1433-9_44
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1433-9_44
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