Skip to main content

Carnitine and Cardiac Energy Supply

  • Chapter
Myocardial Energy Metabolism

Part of the book series: Developments in Cardiovascular Medicine ((DICM,volume 91))

Abstract

The purpose of this survey is to briefly consider some metabolic aspects of the human heart. The pathways of lipid utilization for energy production have received special attention. The function of L-camitine in mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation and its role in myocardial energy production is analysed. Mention is also made of the effects of L-carnitine on myocardial metabolism of patients with coronary artery disease, either at rest or during pacing-induced myocardial ischaemia.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Ballard FB, Danforth WH, Naegles S, Bing RJ: Myocardial metabolism of fatty acids. J Clin Invest 39:717–723, 1960

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Bing RJ: The metabolism of the heart. Harvey Lecture Series 50:27–70, 1954

    Google Scholar 

  3. Bing RJ: Cardiac metabolism. Physiol Rev 45:171–213, 1965

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Bing RJ, Siegel A, Vitale A, Balboni F, Sparks E, Taeschler M, Klapper M, Edwards S: Metabolic studies on the human heart in vivo. Am J Med 15:284–296, 1953

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Bohmer T: Conversion of butyrobetaine to carnitine in the rat in vivo. Biochim Biophys Acta 343:551–557, 1974

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Bohmer T, Eiklid K, Jonssen J. Carnitine uptake into human heart cells in culture. Biochim Biophys Acta 465:627–633, 1977

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. De Jong JW, Hülsmann WC: A comparative study of palmitoyl-coenzyme A synthetase activity in rat-liver, heart and gut mitochondrial and microsomal preparations. Biochim Biophys Acta 197:127–135, 1970

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Drake AJ: Substrate utilization in the myocardium. Basic Res Cardiol 77:1–11, 1982

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Edwards YH, Chase JFA, Edwards MR, Tubbs PK: Carnitine acetyltransferase: the question of multiple forms. Eur J Biochem 46:209–215, 1974

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Engel AG: Possible causes and effects of carnitine deficiency in man. In: Frenkel RA, McGarry JD, eds: Carnitine biosynthesis, metabolism and functions. New York: Acad Press, 1980:271–285

    Google Scholar 

  11. Ferrari R, Agnoletti G, Ciampalini G, Albertini A, Visioli O: Coronary sinus lactate release as an index of myocardial anaerobiosis: effects of intervention. Adv Cardiol 33:115–126, 1986

    Google Scholar 

  12. Ferrari R, Bolognesi E, Raddino R: Reproducibility of metabolical parameters during successive coronary sinus pacing in patients known to have coronary artery disease. Int J Cardiol 9:231–234, 1985

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Ferrari R, Cucchini F, Di Lisa F, Raddino R, Bolognesi R, Visioli O: The effects of L-carnitine on myocardial metabolism of patients with coronary artery disease. Clin Trials J 21:41–58, 1984

    Google Scholar 

  14. Ferrari R, Cucchini F, Visioli O: The metabolical effects of L-carnitine in angina pectoris. Int J Cardiol 5:213–216, 1984

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Fritz IB: Action of carnitine on long chain fatty acid oxidation by liver. Am J Physiol 197:297–304, 1959

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Groot PHE, Scholte HR, Hülsmann WC: Fatty acid activation: specificity, localization and function. Adv Lipid Res 14:75–126, 1976

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Gulewitsch W, Krimberg R: Zur Kentniss der Extraktivstoffe der Musckeln. Ueber das Carnitin. Z Physiol Chem 45:326–330, 1905

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Hoppel CL: Carnitine palmitoyltransferase and transport of free fatty acids. In: Martonosi A, ed: The enzymes of biological membranes. Vol 2. New York: Plenum, 1976:119–143

    Google Scholar 

  19. Klingenberg M, Scherer B, Stengel-Rutkowski L, Buchholz M, Grebe K: Experimental demonstrations of the reorientating (mobile) carrier mechanism exemplified by the mitochondrial adenine nucleotide translocator. In: Azzone GF, ed: Mechanisms in bioenergetics. New York: Acad Press, 1973:257–284

    Google Scholar 

  20. Kobayashi K, Neely JR: Control of maximum rates of glycolysis in rat cardiac musle. Circ Res 44:166–175, 1979

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Kuel J, Doll E, Steim H, Fleer U, Reindell H: Ueber den Stoffwechsel des menschlichen Herzens III. Der oxydative Stoffwechsel des menschlichem Herzens unter verschiedenden Arbeitsbedingungen. Pflügers Arch 282:43–53, 1965

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Margaria R, Cerretelli P, Aghemo P, Sassi G: Energy cost of running. J Appl Physiol 18:367–370, 1963

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Neely JR, Morgan HE: Relationship between carbohydrate and lipid metabolism and the energy balance of heart muscle. Annu Rev Physiol 36:413–459, 1974

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Opie LH: Metabolism of the heart in health and disease. II. Am J Cardiol 77:100–122, 1969

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Oram JE, Bennetch SL, Neely JR: Regulation of fatty acid utilization in isolated perfused rat hearts. J Biol Chem 248:5299–5309, 1973

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Pande SV, Blanchaer MC: Reversible inhibition of mitochondrial adenosine diphosphate phosphorylation by long chain acyl CoA esters. J Biol Chem 246:402–411, 1971

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Rothlin ME, Bing RJ: Extraction and release of individual free fatty acids by the heart and fat depots. J Clin Invest 40:1380–1386, 1961

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Shepard RJ, Allen C, Benade AJA, Davies CTM, Di Prampero PE, Hedman R, Merriman JE, Myhre K, Simmons R: The maximum oxygen intake. An international reference standard in cardiorespiratory fitness. Bull WHO 38:757–764, 1968

    Google Scholar 

  29. Shrago E: Myocardial adenine nucleotide translocase. J Mol Cell Cardiol 8:497–504, 1976

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Shrago E, Shug AL, Sul H, Bittar N, Folts JD: Control of energy production in myocardial ischemia. Circ Res 39, Suppl:75–79, 1976

    Google Scholar 

  31. Shug AL, Shrago E, Bittar N, Folts JD, Koke JR: Acyl-CoA inhibition of adenine nucleotide translocation in ischemic myocardium. Am J Physiol 228:689–692, 1975

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Van der Vusse GJ, Reneman RS: Glycogen and lipids (endogenous substrates). In: Drake-Holland AJ, Noble MIM, eds: Cardiac metabolism. Chichester: Wiley, 1983:215–237

    Google Scholar 

  33. Zierler KL: Fatty acids as substrates for heart and skeletal muscle. Circ Res 38:459–463, 1976

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1988 Kluwer Academic Publishers

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Ferrari, R. (1988). Carnitine and Cardiac Energy Supply. In: De Jong, J.W. (eds) Myocardial Energy Metabolism. Developments in Cardiovascular Medicine, vol 91. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1319-6_4

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1319-6_4

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-94-010-7087-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-009-1319-6

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics