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The Effects of Atmospheric Nitrogen Deposition on Terrestrial and Freshwater Biodiversity

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Nitrogen Deposition, Critical Loads and Biodiversity

Abstract

This chapter reports the findings of a Working Group on how atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition affects both terrestrial and freshwater biodiversity. Regional and global scale impacts on biodiversity are addressed, together with potential indicators. Key conclusions are that: the rates of loss in biodiversity are greatest at the lowest and initial stages of N deposition increase; changes in species compositions are related to the relative amounts of N, carbon (C) and phosphorus (P) in the plant soil system; enhanced N inputs have implications for C cycling; N deposition is known to be having adverse effects on European and North American vegetation composition; very little is known about tropical ecosystem responses, while tropical ecosystems are major biodiversity hotspots and are increasingly recipients of very high N deposition rates; N deposition alters forest fungi and mycorrhyzal relations with plants; the rapid response of forest fungi and arthropods makes them good indicators of change; predictive tools (models) that address ecosystem scale processes are necessary to address complex drivers and responses, including the integration of N deposition, climate change and land use effects; criteria can be identified for projecting sensitivity of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems to N deposition. Future research and policy-relevant recommendations are identified.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank the COST 729 and NinE programmes of the European Science Foundation (ESF), the Packard Foundation, INI and many other organizations for travel support to attend the workshop.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. US Geological Survey, Natural Resources Ecology Laboratory, Colorado State University, CO 80523, Fort Collins, USA

    Jill S. Baron

  2. RTI International, 701 13th St NW # 750, 20005, Washington, DC, USA

    Mary Barber

  3. Faculty of Agriculture Food and Natural Resources (FAFNR), McMillan Building, University of Sydney, 2006, Sydney, NSW, Australia

    Mark Adams

  4. Department of Fisheries, Lagos State University, Ikeja, PO Box 10409, Lagos, Nigeria

    Julius I. Agboola

  5. Department of Botany and Plant Sciences and Center for Conservation Biology, University of California, 92521-0124, Riverside, California, USA

    Edith B. Allen

  6. Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Bush Estate, EH26 OQB, Penicuik, Midlothian, UK

    William J. Bealey

  7. B-WARE Research Centre, Radboud University, PO Box 9010, 6525 ED, Nijmegen, The Netherlands

    Roland Bobbink

  8. Institute of Physico-Chemical and Biological Problems in Soil Science of Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya 2, 142292, Pushchino, Moscow region, Russia

    Maxim V. Bobrovsky

  9. Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology and Mountain Research Station/INSTAAR, University of Colorado, CO 80309-0334, Boulder, USA

    William D Bowman

  10. Centro de Biologia Ambiental, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Bloco C2, 5º Piso, sala 37, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal

    Cristina Branquinho

  11. Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade de Brasília, 70919-970, Brasília-DF, Brazil

    Mercedes M.C. Bustamente

  12. Global Change Research Program/Environmental Protection Agency, 2733 South Crystal Drive, Crystal City, VA, USA

    Christopher M. Clark

  13. Centre for Crop Nitrogen Fixation, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Biology Building, University Park, NG7 2RD, Nottingham, UK

    Edward C. Cocking

  14. Centro de Biologia Ambiental, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Bloco C2, Piso 5., 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal

    Cristina Cruz & Teresa Dias

  15. The Woods Hole Research Center, 149 Woods Hole Road, 02540-1644, Falmouth, MA, USA

    Eric Davidson

  16. CSIRO Land and Water, GPO Box 1666, 2601, Canberra, ACT, Australia

    O. Tom Denmead

  17. School of Land and Environment, The University of Melbourne, 3010, Melbourne, VIC, Australia

    O. Tom Denmead

  18. Department of Environmental and Geographical Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, M1 5GD, Manchester, UK

    Nancy B. Dise

  19. Water and Environmental Management Research Centre, University of Bristol, University Walk, Queen’s Building, BS8 1TR, Bristol, UK

    Alan Feest

  20. Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Virginia, 22904-4123, Charlottesville, VA, USA

    James N. Galloway

  21. Pacific Northwest Region Air Resource Management, US Forest Service, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, 97331, Corvallis, USA

    Linda H. Geiser

  22. Department of Biological Sciences, Marshall University, 25701-2510, Huntington, WV, USA

    Frank S. Gilliam

  23. Conservation International, 2011 Crystal Drive, Suite 500, 22202, Arlington, VA, USA

    Ian J. Harrison

  24. Institute of Mathematical Problems in Biology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya 4, 142292, Pushchino, Moscow region, Russia

    Larisa G. Khanina

  25. Dinghushan Forest Ecosystem Research Station, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 526070, Zhaoqing, China

    Xiankai Lu

  26. Instituto de Recursos Naturales, Centro de Ciencias Medioambientales, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, C/Serrano 115 Dpdo., 28006, Madrid, Spain

    Esteban Manrique & Raúl Ochoa Hueso

  27. Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, C/Serrano 115 bis, 28006, Madrid, Spain

    Esteban Manrique & Raúl Ochoa Hueso

  28. Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (CCST/INPE), Avenida dos Astronautas, 1758, 12227-010, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil

    Jean P.H.B. Ometto

  29. Department of Environmental and Geographical Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, Dalton Building, Oxford Road, M1 5GD,, Manchester, UK

    Richard Payne

  30. OEKO-DATA, National Critical Load Focal Center, Hegermuehlenstr. 58, 15344, Strausberg, Germany

    Thomas Scheuschner

  31. Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Bush Estate, EH26 0QB, Penicuik, Midlothian, UK

    Lucy J. Sheppard

  32. Geography Department, Environmental Change Research Centre, University College London, Pearson Building, Gower Street, WC1E 6BT, London, UK

    Gavin L. Simpson

  33. Indian Agricultural Research Institute, CCUBGA, IARI, 110012, New Delhi, India

    Y. V. Singh

  34. Department of Life Science, The Open University, MK7 6AA, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes, UK

    Carly J. Stevens

  35. Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, LA1 4YQ, Lancaster, UK

    Carly J. Stevens

  36. Scottish Natural Heritage, Great Glen House, Leachkin Rd, IV3 8NW, Inverness, USA

    Ian Strachan

  37. Department of Chemical Engineering, Lund University, Box 124, 22100, Lund, Sweden

    Harald Sverdrup

  38. Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University (Yoshida North Campus), Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, 606-8502, Kyoto, Japan

    Naoko Tokuchi

  39. Alterra, Wageningen University and Research Centre, PO Box 47, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands

    Hans van Dobben

  40. IBES, University of Aberdeen, Cruickshank Building, AB24 3UU, Aberdeen, UK

    Sarah Woodin

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  1. Jill S. Baron
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  2. Mary Barber
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  3. Mark Adams
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  4. Julius I. Agboola
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  5. Edith B. Allen
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  7. Roland Bobbink
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  8. Maxim V. Bobrovsky
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  9. William D Bowman
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  10. Cristina Branquinho
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  11. Mercedes M.C. Bustamente
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  12. Christopher M. Clark
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  13. Edward C. Cocking
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  14. Cristina Cruz
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  15. Eric Davidson
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  16. O. Tom Denmead
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  17. Teresa Dias
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  18. Nancy B. Dise
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  19. Alan Feest
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  20. James N. Galloway
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  21. Linda H. Geiser
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  22. Frank S. Gilliam
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  23. Ian J. Harrison
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  24. Larisa G. Khanina
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  25. Xiankai Lu
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  26. Esteban Manrique
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  27. Raúl Ochoa Hueso
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  28. Jean P.H.B. Ometto
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  29. Richard Payne
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  30. Thomas Scheuschner
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  31. Lucy J. Sheppard
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  32. Gavin L. Simpson
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  33. Y. V. Singh
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  34. Carly J. Stevens
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  35. Ian Strachan
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  36. Harald Sverdrup
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  37. Naoko Tokuchi
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  38. Hans van Dobben
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  39. Sarah Woodin
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jill S. Baron .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Edinburgh Research Station, Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Penicuik, Midlothian, United Kingdom

    Mark A. Sutton

  2. Centre for Ecology and Hydrology Edinburgh Research Station, Penicuik, Midlothian, United Kingdom

    Kate E. Mason

  3. Centre for Ecology and Hydrology Edinburgh Research Station, Penicuik, United Kingdom

    Lucy J. Sheppard

  4. University of Lund Department of Chemical Engineering II, Lund, Sweden

    Harald Sverdrup

  5. US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, Washington, USA

    Richard Haeuber

  6. Environment Department, University of York, Heslington, York, United Kingdom

    W. Kevin Hicks

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© 2014 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht

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Baron, J. et al. (2014). The Effects of Atmospheric Nitrogen Deposition on Terrestrial and Freshwater Biodiversity. In: Sutton, M., Mason, K., Sheppard, L., Sverdrup, H., Haeuber, R., Hicks, W. (eds) Nitrogen Deposition, Critical Loads and Biodiversity. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7939-6_49

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