Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Photosynthetic Routes to Organic Compounds

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Heterogeneous Photocatalysis Using Inorganic Semiconductor Solids

Abstract

The potentials of semiconductor photocatalysis in organic synthesis cannot be overemphasised. By far, many organic substances have been successfully synthesised at laboratory scale. Some revolutionary features of these photocatalytic routes include greenness and the ability to proceed in one pot. Herein, an overview of the routes and suggested mechanisms to important functional groups is given, and where necessary, contrast with the conventional routes is made.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Aramendía MA, Colmenares JC, López-Fernández S et al (2007) Screening of different zeolite-based catalysts for gas-phase selective photooxidation of propan-2-ol. Catal Today 129:102–109

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Augugliaro V, Camera-Roda G, Loddo V et al (2012) Synthesis of vanillin in water by TiO2 photocatalysis. Appl Catal A 111–112:555–561

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Augugliaro V, Kisch H, Loddo V et al (2008) Photocatalytic oxidation of aromatic alcohols to aldehydes in aqueous suspension of home-prepared titanium dioxide 1. Selectivity enhancement by aliphatic alcohols. Appl Catal A 349:182–188

    Google Scholar 

  • Bellardita M, Augugliaro V, Loddo V et al (2012) Selective oxidation of phenol and benzoic acid in water via home-prepared TiO2 photocatalysts: distribution of hydroxylation products. Appl Catal A 441–442:79–89

    Google Scholar 

  • Bettoni M, Brinchi L, Giacco TD et al (2012) Surfactant effect on titanium dioxide photosensitized oxidation of 4-dodecyloxybenzyl alcohol. J Photochem Photobiol A 229:53–59

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bickley RI (2010) Heterogeneous photocatalysis at liquid–solid interfaces. Oxidative dehydrogenation of propan-2-ol as a method of assessing photocatalytic activity? J Photochem Photobiol A 216:256–260

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Carneiro JT, Yang C-C, Moulijn JA et al (2011) The effect of water on the performance of TiO2 in photocatalytic selective alkane oxidation. J Catal 277:129–133

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Clayden J, Warren S, Greeves N et al (2001) Organic chemistry. Oxford University Press, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Das S, Samanta S, Maji SK et al (2013) Visible-light-driven synthesis of 2-substituted benzothiazoles using CdS nanosphere as heterogenous recyclable catalyst. 54:1090–1096

    Google Scholar 

  • Ferry JL, Glaze WH (1998) Photocatalytic reduction of nitroorganics over illuminated titanium dioxide: Electron transfer between excited-state TiO2 and nitroaromatics. J Phys Chem B 102:2239–2244

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fox MA, Dulay MT (1995) Heterogeneous Photocatalysis. Chem Rev 93:341–357

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Guo Y, Liu Z, Wang G et al (2011) Highly selective epoxidation of styrene over mesoporous Au–Ti–SBA-15 via photocatalysis process: Synthesis, characterization, and catalytic application. Appl Surf Sci 258:1082–1090

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hoffmann N, Bertrand S, Marinković S et al (2006) Efficient radical addition of tertiary amines to alkenes using photochemical electron transfer. Pure Appl Chem 78:2227–2246

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Huixian S, Tianyong Z, Hongliang W et al (2011) Photocatalytic conversion of naphthalene to α-naphthol using nanometer-sized TiO2. Chin J Catal 32:46–50

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jackson SD, Hargreaves JSJ, Lennon D (2003) Catalysis in application. Royal Society of Chemistry, Athenaeum Press Ltd, UK

    Google Scholar 

  • Kominami H, Sugahara H, Hashimoto K (2010) Photocatalytic selective oxidation of methanol to methyl formate in gas phase over titanium(IV) oxide in a flow-type reactor. Catal Commun 11:426–429

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kraeutler B, Bard AJ (1978) Heterogeneous photocatalytic decomposition of saturated carboxylic acids on TiO2 powder. Decarboxylative route to alkanes. J Am Chem Soc 100:5985–992

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Li C-J, Xu G-R, Zhang B et al (2012) High selectivity in visible-light-driven partial photocatalytic oxidation of benzyl alcohol into benzaldehyde over single-crystalline rutile TiO2 nanorods. Appl Catal B 115–116:201–208

    Google Scholar 

  • Lopez-Tenllado FJ, Marinas A, Urbano FJ et al (2012) Selective photooxidation of alcohols as test reaction for photocatalytic activity. Appl Catal B 128:150–158

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mann FG, Saunders BC (1978) Practical organic chemistry. Longman, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Marotta R, Di Somma I, Spasiano D et al (2011) Selective oxidation of benzyl alcohol to benzaldehyde in water by TiO2/Cu(II)/UV solar system. Chem Eng J 172:243–249

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mohamed OS, Ahmed SA, Mostafa MF et al (2008) Nanoparticles TiO2-photocatalyzed oxidation of selected cyclohexyl alcohols. J Photochem Photobiol A 200:209–215

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nguyen V-H, Chan H-Y, Wu JCS et al (2012) Direct gas-phase photocatalytic epoxidation of propylene with molecular oxygen by photocatalysts. Chem Eng J 179:285–294

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nishimoto S-I, Ohtani B, Kagiya T (1985) Photocatalytic dehydrogenation of aliphatic alcohols by aqueous suspensions of platinized titanium dioxide. J Chem Soc Faraday Trans 1(81):2467–2474

    Google Scholar 

  • Ouidri S, Guillard C, Caps V et al (2010) Epoxidation of olefins on photoirradiated TiO2-pillared clays. Appl Clay Sci 48:431–437

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Palmisano G, Addamo M, Augugliaro V et al (2007) Selectivity of hydroxyl radical in the partial oxidation of aromatic compounds in heterogeneous photocatalysis. Catal Today 122:118–127

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rao KBS, Srinivas B, Prasad AR et al (2000) A novel one step photocatalytic synthesis of dihydropyrazine from ethylenediamine and propylene glycol. Chem Commun 16:1533–1534

    Google Scholar 

  • Rao KVS, Subrahmanyam M (2002) Synthesis of 2-methylpiperazine by photocatalytic reaction in a non-aqueous suspension of semiconductor–zeolite composite catalysts. Photochem Photobiol Sci 1:597–599

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Richard C, Lemaire J (1990) Analytical and kinetic study of the phototransformation of furfuryl alcohol in aqueous ZnO suspensions. J Photochem Photobiol A 55:127–134

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sato S (1982) Photocatalytic synthesis of ethane from acetic acid. Kolbe reaction at a gas-solid interface under U.V.-illumination. J Chem Soc Chem Commun 1:26–27

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Selvam K, Swaminathan M (2010) Au-doped TiO2 nanoparticles for selective photocatalytic synthesis of quinaldines from anilines in ethanol. Tetrahedron Lett 51:4911–4914

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Selvam K, Swaminathan M (2011a) Cost effective one-pot photocatalytic synthesis of quinaldines from nitroarenes by silver loaded TiO2. J Mol Catal A: Chem 351:52–61

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Selvam K, Swaminathan M (2011b) An easy one-step photocatalytic synthesis of 1-aryl-2-alkylbenzimidazoles by platinum loaded TiO2 nanoparticles under UV and solar light. Tetrahedron Lett 52:3386–3392

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Selvam K, Swaminathan M (2012) Nano N-TiO2 mediated selective photocatalytic synthesis of quinaldines from nitrobenzenes. RSC Adv. doi:10.1039/c2ra01178f

    Google Scholar 

  • Shindler W, Kisch H (1997) Heterogeneous photocatalysis XV. Mechanistic aspects of cadmium sulphide-catalyzed photoaddition of olefins to Schiff bases. J Photochem Photobiol A 103:257–264

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Suschitzky H, Meth-Cohn O (1980) Heterocyclic chemistry, Special periodical reports, vol 1. Royal Society of Chemistry, London

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Wu W, Wen L, Shen L et al (2013) A new insight into the photocatalytic reduction of 4-nitroaniline to p-phenylenediamine in the presence of alcohols. Appl Catal, B 130–131:163–167

    Google Scholar 

  • Zama K, Fukuoka A, Sasaki Y et al (2000) Selective hydroxylation of benzene to phenol by photocatalysis of molybdenum complexes grafted on mesoporous FSM-16. Catal Lett 66:251–253

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Bayero University Kano, Kano, Nigeria

    Umar Ibrahim Gaya

Authors
  1. Umar Ibrahim Gaya
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Umar Ibrahim Gaya .

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2014 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Gaya, U. (2014). Photosynthetic Routes to Organic Compounds. In: Heterogeneous Photocatalysis Using Inorganic Semiconductor Solids. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7775-0_6

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation