Abstract
The joint acquisition and processing of vertically polarized shear (SV) wave seismic reflections and surface waves during a seismic survey were carried out in Buckingham (Québec), near Ottawa, Canada, to characterize a thick (20–40 m) sensitive clay deposit. At the study site, the outcropping clay unit overlays a 20–50 m thick layer of sand and gravel and the bedrock depth reaches more than 90 m along the survey line. The seismic reflection survey using common-mid-point (CMP) inversion of SV-wave reflections allowed the localization of the clay-sand and sand-bedrock interfaces as well as the measurement of SV-wave velocities down to the bedrock contact. Velocity variations at depths less than 10 m could not be assessed due to the early reflections hidden by seismic arrivals such as surface waves. However, multi-channel analysis of surface waves (MASW) provided the variations in S-wave velocity from the surface down to a depth of 12 m at each CMP location. The joint acquisition and processing of SV reflections and Rayleigh waves provided a more complete and accurate 2D SV velocity model than both methods taken separately. To test the accuracy of the proposed approach, a multi-offset seismic piezocone penetration test (SCPTu) was performed along the survey line from the surface down to a depth of 25 m. The vertical variations in seismic velocities in sensitive clay as inferred from the SV seismic reflection survey and MASW are comparable to the SCPTu S-wave profile.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Aylsworth JM, Lawrence DE, Guertin J (2000) Did two massive earthquakes in the Holocene induce widespread landsliding and near-surface deformation in part of the Ottawa Valley, Canada? Geology 28(10):903–906. doi:10.1130/0091-7613(2000)28<903:DTMEIT>2.0.CO;2
Bard PY, Bouchon M (1980) The seismic response of sediment-filled valleys. Part I. The case of incident SH waves. Bull Seismol Soc Am 70:1263–1286
Bélanger JR, Moore A, Prégent A (1997) Surfacial geology, digital map, Thurso Quebec (31G/11). Geological Survey of Canada, Ottawa, Open File Issue 3477
Bodet L, Abraham O, Bitri A, Leparoux D, Côte P (2004) Effect of dipping layers on seismic surface waves profiling: a numerical study. SAGEEP 17:1601. doi:10.4133/1.2923306
Eslami A, Fellenius BH (1997) Pile capacity by direct CPT and CPTu methods applied to 102 case histories. Can Geotech J 34(6):886–904. doi:10.1139/t97-056
Finn WDL, Wightman A (2003) Ground motion amplification factors for the proposed 2005 edition of the National Building Code of Canada. Can J of Civil Eng 30(2):272–278. doi:10.1139/l02-081
LeBlanc AM, Fortier R, Cosma C, Allard M (2006) Tomographic imaging of permafrost using three-component seismic cone penetration test. Geophysics 71(5):H55–H65. doi:10.1190/1.2235876
Margrave GF (2003) Numerical methods of exploration seismology with algorithms in MATLAB. Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Calgary, Calgary, 225 p
Motazedian DMD, Hunter JHJ (2008) Development of an NEHRP map for the Orleans suburb of Ottawa, Ontario. Can Geotech J 45(8):1180–1188. doi:10.1139/T08-051
Park CB, Miller RM, Steeples DW, Black RA (1996) Swept impact seismic technique (SIST). Geophysics 61(6):1789–1803. doi:10.1190/1.1444095
Park CB, Miller RD, Xia JB (1998) Imaging dispersion curves of surface waves on multi-channel record. SEG Expanded Abs 17(1):1377–1380
Park CB, Miller RD, Miura H (2002) Optimum field parameters of an MASW survey. Exp. Abs SEG-J Tokyo, 17–18 May, pp 22–23
Pugin AJM, Pullan SE, Hunter JA (2009) Multicomponent high-resolution seismic reflection profiling. The Leading Edge 28(10):1248–1261. doi:10.1190/1.3249782
Robertson PK, Campanella RG, Gillespie D, Greig J (1986) Use of piezometer cone data. Use of in situ tests in geotechnical engineering (GSP 6). ASCE, Reston, pp 1263–1280
Schuster GT, Quintus-Bosz A (1993) Wavepath eikonal traveltime inversion: theory. Geophysics 58(9):1314–1323. doi:10.1190/1.1443514
Steeples DW, Miller RD (1998) Avoiding pitfalls in shallow seismic reflection surveys. Geophysics 63(4):1213–1224. doi:10.1190/1.1444422
Xia J, Miller RD, Park CB (1999) Estimation of near-surface shear-wave velocity by inversion of Rayleigh waves. Geophysics 64(3):691–700. doi:10.1190/1.1444578
Xia J, Miller RD, Park CB, Hunter JA, Harris JB and Ivanov J (2002) Comparing shear-wave velocity profiles inverted from multichannel surface wave with borehole measurements. Soil Dyn Earthq Eng 22(3):181–190. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0267-7261(02)00008-8
Xia J, Miller RD, Park CB and Tian G (2003) Inversion of high frequency surface waves with fundamental and higher modes. J Appl Geophys 52(1):45–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0926-9851(02)00239-2
Yilmaz Ö (2001) Seismic data analysis: processing, inversion, and interpretation of seismic data, Investigations in geophysics no. 10. SEG Books, Tulsa
Acknowledgments
We thank Y. Vincent, S. Bérubé and M. El Baroudi for their help during the acquisition of the geophysical data in the field. We are grateful to Dr. Maarten Vanneste from the NGI for his constructive reviews. The research fund to support this project was provided by the Department of Environment of Québec for the acquisition of data on groundwater in the Outaouais region for the sustainable management of this natural resource.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2014 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Fabien-Ouellet, G., Fortier, R., Giroux, B. (2014). Joint Acquisition and Processing of Seismic Reflections and Surface Waves in a Sensitive Clay Deposit in the Outaouais Region (Québec), Canada. In: L'Heureux, JS., Locat, A., Leroueil, S., Demers, D., Locat, J. (eds) Landslides in Sensitive Clays. Advances in Natural and Technological Hazards Research, vol 36. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7079-9_19
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7079-9_19
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-007-7078-2
Online ISBN: 978-94-007-7079-9
eBook Packages: Earth and Environmental ScienceEarth and Environmental Science (R0)