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Book cover Phenology: An Integrative Environmental Science

Abstract

Europe has a long tradition of systematic phenological data collection from a range of different environments. In recent times this data has proved invaluable in demonstrating the impact of climate warming on our natural environment together with providing a means by which to ground truth remotely sensed information. However, since the networks evolved in different countries with different traditions of data observation and collection aggregation at a continental scale is challenging. Here we provide a snapshot of some of the professional and citizen science-based national phenology networks, and describe a number of recently established pan-European initiatives to explore ways to establish a standardized framework for plant monitoring, data collection, quality control and transfer. Finally, we highlight areas such as species or groups of high value for nature conservation which require further research.

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Acknowledgements

I kindly thank my phenology colleagues from the COST 725 action, especially the chair Elisabeth Koch (Austria) as well as Rein Ahas (Estonia), Olga Braslavska (Slovak Republic), Isabelle Chuine (France), Zoltan Dunkel (Hungary), Elisabeth Koch (Austria), Jiri Nekovar (Czech Republic), Tim Sparks (United Kingdom), Andreja Susnik (Slovenia), and Arnold VanVliet (The Netherlands), for their valuable contributions.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management, Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany

    Annette Menzel

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  1. Annette Menzel
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Correspondence to Annette Menzel .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Geography, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA

    Mark D. Schwartz

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Menzel, A. (2013). Europe. In: Schwartz, M. (eds) Phenology: An Integrative Environmental Science. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6925-0_4

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