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Mechanisms of Asymmetric Progenitor Divisions in the Drosophila Central Nervous System

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Transcriptional and Translational Regulation of Stem Cells

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 786))

Abstract

The Drosophila central nervous system develops from polarised asymmetric divisions of precursor cells, called neuroblasts. Decades of research on neuroblasts have resulted in a substantial understanding of the factors and molecular events responsible for fate decisions of neuroblasts and their progeny. Furthermore, the cell-cycle dependent mechanisms responsible for asymmetric cortical protein localisation, resulting in the unequal partitioning between daughters, are beginning to be exposed. Disruption to the appropriate partitioning of proteins between neuroblasts and differentiation-committed daughters can lead to supernumerary neuroblast-like cells and the formation of tumours. Many of the factors responsible for regulating asymmetric division of Drosophila neuroblasts are evolutionarily conserved and, in many cases, have been shown to play a functionally conserved role in mammalian neurogenesis. Recent genome-wide studies coupled with advancements in live-imaging technologies have opened further avenues of research into neuroblast biology. We review our current understanding of the molecular mechanisms regulating neuroblast divisions, a powerful system to model mammalian neurogenesis and tumourigenesis.

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Acknowledgements

We are grateful to Alex Gould, Yuu Kimata and Hongyan Wang for helpful comments on the manuscript. RSN was supported by the Medical Research Council and is presently supported by Cancer Research UK; WGS is supported by a NHMRC Peter Doherty Australian Biomedical Fellowship (520307).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. MRC Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, King’s College London, New Hunt’s House, London, SE1 1UL, UK

    Rita Sousa-Nunes

  2. Department of Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science (LIMS), La Trobe University, Kingsbury Drive, Melbourne, VIC, 3086, Australia

    W. Gregory Somers

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  1. Rita Sousa-Nunes
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Correspondence to Rita Sousa-Nunes or W. Gregory Somers .

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  1. , Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Melbourne, VIC Grattan Street, Parkville, 3010, Victoria, Australia

    Gary Hime

  2. , Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Monash University, Clayton, 3800, Victoria, Australia

    Helen Abud

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Sousa-Nunes, R., Somers, W.G. (2013). Mechanisms of Asymmetric Progenitor Divisions in the Drosophila Central Nervous System. In: Hime, G., Abud, H. (eds) Transcriptional and Translational Regulation of Stem Cells. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 786. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6621-1_6

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