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Advanced Bioactive Compounds Countering the Effects of Radiological, Chemical and Biological Agents pp 83–99Cite as

Oxidation of Selected Lipids in Low Density Lipoprotein: Effects on Calcium Transients in Isolated Rabbit Cardiomyocytes

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Abstract

When LDL is oxidized by a free radical generating system, both cholesterol and fatty acyl moieties within the LDL are modified. Oxidized low density lipoprotein (oxLDL) can induce alterations in the Ca2+ transients in isolated cardiomyocytes. It is unclear if oxidation of the LDL fatty acyl chains (in phospholipids, triglycerides and cholesteryl esters) or oxidation of the LDL unesterified cholesterol is more important in producing the oxLDL-induced alteration in cellular calcium transients. Therefore, we investigated the possible role of oxidized cholesterol and fatty acyl chain peroxidation in the effects of LDL on Ca2+ transients. Cholesterol oxidase (CO) treatment of LDL produced oxidized cholesterol plus H2O2. The H2O2 peroxidized the LDL fatty acyl chains, as indicated by an increased malondialdehyde (MDA) content. The cell systolic [Ca2+] was significantly increased after incubation with CO-treated LDL. Diastolic [Ca2+] was unchanged. MDA content in the CO-treated LDL correlated with the change in systolic [Ca2+] of treated cells. Catalase, a scavenger of H2O2, inhibited MDA formation in the CO-treated LDL and prevented the increment in systolic [Ca2+] in the treated cells. A similar stimulatory effect on the Ca2+ transient was observed if cells were treated with LDL after exposure to only H2O2 and not CO. Direct exposure of myocytes to H2O2 (without LDL) failed to produce a stimulatory effect on the calcium transient but caused an increment in cellular diastolic Ca2+. Exposure of myocytes to CO alone (without LDL) produced a significant increment in diastolic [Ca2+] and this effect was not prevented by catalase. These results suggest that fatty acid peroxidation in the LDL moiety is more important than oxidized cholesterol in the generation of ox-LDL-induced increases in Ca2+ transients in isolated cardiomyocytes. Further, oxidation of in situ cell membrane cholesterol will destroy cell integrity. Our data also underline the importance of adding extracellular lipid in any study of the effects of oxygen free radicals on cellular function. Under conditions of radiologic or chemically-induced generation of oxygen-derived free radicals, cardiac dysfunction and damage may be induced by this process.

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Acknowledgements 

This work was supported by grants from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research and the Heart and Stroke Foundation of Manitoba. K.Z. Liu was a Trainee of the Manitoba Health Research Council. The assistance of Mr. Charles Labun, previously of the UpJohn Co. of Canada, is gratefully acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Cell Biology Laboratory, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB, Canada

    Kan-zhi Liu, Hamid Massaeli, Bram Ramjiawan & Grant N. Pierce

  2. Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, 351 Tache Ave., Winnipeg, MB, R2H 2A6, Canada

    Kan-zhi Liu, Hamid Massaeli & Grant N. Pierce

  3. Departments of Pharmacology and Therapeutics Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, 351 Tache Ave., Winnipeg, MB, Canada, R2H 2A6

    Bram Ramjiawan

Authors
  1. Kan-zhi Liu
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  2. Hamid Massaeli
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  3. Bram Ramjiawan
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Correspondence to Grant N. Pierce .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, Tache Ave 351, Winnipeg, R2H 2A6, Canada

    Grant N. Pierce

  2. , Division of Health and Rehabilitation, Crimean State Humanitarian University, Sevastopolskaya St. 2, Yalta, Crimea, 98635, Ukraine

    Volodymyr I. Mizin

  3. St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, Tache Avenue 351, Winnipeg, R2H 2A6, Manitoba, Canada

    Alexander Omelchenko

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Liu, Kz., Massaeli, H., Ramjiawan, B., Pierce, G.N. (2013). Oxidation of Selected Lipids in Low Density Lipoprotein: Effects on Calcium Transients in Isolated Rabbit Cardiomyocytes. In: Pierce, G., Mizin, V., Omelchenko, A. (eds) Advanced Bioactive Compounds Countering the Effects of Radiological, Chemical and Biological Agents. NATO Science for Peace and Security Series A: Chemistry and Biology. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6513-9_7

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