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Ecosystem Services and Carbon Sequestration in the Biosphere pp 221–293Cite as

Natural Hazards Mitigation Services of Carbon-Rich Ecosystems

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Abstract

The year 2011 has been the costliest ever in terms of economic losses caused by natural disasters. This has been partly attributed to increasing natural hazard effects caused by global warming and land use changes (in particular deforestation). This chapter provides an overview of risk-relevant issues and an evaluation of the role of carbon(C)-rich ecosystems within the overall context of natural disaster risk. Hazard mitigation ecosystem services which are discussed include the regulation of global, regional and local climates (via C storage, evapo-transpiration, and albedo); the provision of structural stability to soil substrates (reducing risks of shallow landslides, and erosion during flooding); retention and transpiration of water (reducing flooding frequencies and intensities in catchments); and the buffering against solid and fluid mass impacts (landslides, rockfalls, snow avalanches, wind-driven sea waves, storm surges, and tsunamis). The information provided may serve to advance the valuation of ecosystems and support development-relevant decision-making, especially in regions prone to natural disasters. It is highlighted that heedless destruction of ecosystems will come at an increasingly higher cost to current and future generations, with progressively fewer options to maintain or reinstate their services. Hence, sensible foresight stipulates a precautionary approach when dealing with the remaining ‘ecosystem capital’.

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Abbreviations

C:

Carbon

CO2 :

Carbon dioxide

CRED:

Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters

ENSO:

El Niño-Southern Oscillation

GHG:

Greenhouse gas

GDP:

Gross domestic product

SOM:

Soil organic matter

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  1. Institute of Integrative Biology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland

    Roland Cochard

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. The Ohio State University, Coffey Road Kottman Hall 422B 2021, Columbus, 43210, Ohio, USA

    Rattan Lal

  2. , Global Soil Forum, IASS Inst. for Adv. Sust. Studies, Berliner Str. 130, Potsdam, 14467, Brandenburg, Germany

    Klaus Lorenz

  3. , Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ, Helmholtz-Zentrum Potsdam, Telegrafenberg, Potsdam, 14473, Germany

    Reinhard F. Hüttl

  4. , Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ, Helmholtz-Zentrum Potsdam, Telegrafenberg 309G, Potsdam, 14473, Brandenburg, Germany

    Bernd Uwe Schneider

  5. Universität Bonn, Walter-Flex-Str. 3, Bonn, 53113, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany

    Joachim von Braun

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Cochard, R. (2013). Natural Hazards Mitigation Services of Carbon-Rich Ecosystems. In: Lal, R., Lorenz, K., Hüttl, R., Schneider, B., von Braun, J. (eds) Ecosystem Services and Carbon Sequestration in the Biosphere. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6455-2_11

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