Abstract
The life cycle assessment (LCA) method is introduced as a powerful tool to assess the environmental impact of product/services. Some important limitations have been evidenced in the past years, including data quality and collection, definition of system and time boundaries, multi-functionality and allocation, occupational health. The environmental performance strategy map (EPSM) is a novel graphical representation reception the strength of ecological footprint and life cycle analyses. The use of EPSM has a potential as an environmental evaluation and strategic environmental map based on the various footprints such as carbon footprint, water footprint, energy footprint, emission footprint, work environment footprint, etc. This graphical method allows the use of these footprints with an additional dimension of cost.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsReferences
Antonsson, A. B., & Carlsson, H. (1995). The basis for a method to integrate work environment in life cycle assessment. Journal of Cleaner Production, 3, 215–220.
Ashford, N. A. (1997). Industrial safety: the neglected issue in industrial ecology. Journal of Cleaner Production, 5, 115–121.
Ayres, R. U. (2000). Commentary on the utility of the ecological footprint concept. Ecological Economics, 32, 357–358.
Boustead, I. (1996). LCA—how it came about: the beginning in the UK. International Journal of Life-Cycle Assessment, 1, 147–150.
Crawley, F. K., & Ashton, D. (2002). Safety, health or the environment—which comes first? Journal of Hazardous Materials, 93, 17–32.
Čuček, L., Lam, H. L., Klemeš, J. J., Varbanov, P. S., & Kravanja, Z. (2010). Synthesis of regional networks for the supply of energy and bioproducts. Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy, 12(6), 635–645.
Čuček, L., Klemeš, J. J., & Kravanja, Z. (2012). A review of footprint analysis tools for monitoring impacts on sustainability. Journal of Cleaner Production, 34, 9–20.
De Benedetto, L., & Klemeš, J. (2008a). LCA as environmental assessment tool in waste to energy, and contribution to occupational health and safety. Chemical Engineering Transactions, 13, 343–350.
De Benedetto, L., & Klemeš, J. (2008b). Life cycle assessment as an environmental assessment tool in municipal solid waste management, energy for sustainable future. Veszprém: University Publisher, UoP Press. ISBN 978-963-9696-38-9.
De Benedetto, L., & Klemeš, J. (2009). The environmental performance strategy map: an integrated lca approach to support the strategic decision making process. Journal of Cleaner Production, 17, 900–906.
De Benedetto, L., & Klemeš, J. (2010). The environmental bill of materials and technology routing: An integrated LCA approach. Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy, 12, 191–196.
Dongwoon, K., Jiyong, K., & Il, M. (2006). Integration of accident scenario generation and multiobjective optimization for safety-cost decision making in chemical processes. Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, 19, 705–713.
Eder, P., & Narodoslawsky, M. (1999). What environmental pressures are the region’s industry responsible for? A method of analysis with descriptive input, output models. Ecological Economics, 29, 359–374.
Ferng, J. J. (2005). Local sustainable yield and embodied resources in ecological footprint analysis. Ecological Economics, 53, 415–430.
Frankl, P., Masini, A., Gamberale, M., & Toccaceli, D. (1998). Simplified life-cycle analysis of PV systems in buildings: Present situation and future trends. Progress in Photovoltaics, 6, 137–146.
Guirardello, R., & Swaney, R. E. (2005). Optimization of process plant layout with pipe routing. Computers and Chemical Engineering, 30, 99–114.
Hillman, T., & Ramaswami, A. (2010). Greenhouse gas emission footprints and energy use benchmarks for eight U.S. Cities. Environmental Science Technology, 44, 1902–1910.
Hoekstra, A. Y. (2007). Human appropriation of natural capital: Comparing ecological footprint and water footprint analysis. Value of Water Report Series 23. Retrieved May 30, 2008 from www.waterfootprint.org/Reports/Report23-Hoekstra-2007.pdf.
Hoekstra, A. Y., & Chapagain, A. K. (2007). Water footprints of nations: water use by people as function of their consumption pattern. Water Resource Management, 21, 35–48.
Hoekstra, A. Y. & Hung, P. Q. (2002). Virtual water trade: A quantification of virtual water flows between nations in relation to international crop trade. Value of Water Research Series 11. Retrieved May 30, 2008 from www.waterfootprint.org/Reports/Report11.pdf.
Honkasalo, A. (2000). Occupational Health and safety and environmental management systems. Environmental Science and Policy, 3, 39–45.
Huijbregts, M. A. J. (1999). A general framework for the analysis of uncertainty, and variability in life cycle assessment. International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, 3, 273–280.
Hujbregts, M. A. J., Hellweg, S., & Frischknecht, R. (2008). Ecological footprint accounting in the life cycle assessment of products. Ecological Economics, 64, 798–807.
ISO 14040 (2006). Environmental management—life cycle assessment—principles and framework. Geneva, Switzerland: International Organisation for Standardisation.
ISO 14041 (1998). Environmental management—life-cycle assessment; goal, scope definition and inventory analysis. Geneva, Switzerland: International Organisation for Standardisation.
ISO 14042 (2000). Environmental management—life-cycle assessment; life-cycle impact assessment. Geneva, Switzerland: International Organisation for Standardisation.
ISO 14043 (2000). Environmental management—life-cycle assessment; life-cycle interpretation. Geneva, Switzerland: International Organisationfor Standardisation.
Jensen, A. A., Hoffman, L., Møller, B., Schmidt, A., Christiansen, K., Elkington, J., et al. (1997). Life cycle assessment—a guide to approaches, experiences and information sources. Environmental Issues Series no. 6, European Environment Agency. Retrieved August 21, 2010 from www.lca-center.dk/cms/site.asp?p=2867.
Klemeš, J., Friedler, F., Bulatov, I., & Varbanov, P. (2010a). Sustainability in the process industry—integration and optimization. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Klemeš, J., Lam, H. L., & Foo, D. C. Y. (2010b). Water Recycling and recovery in food and drink industry. In K. Waldron, G. K. Moates, & C. B. Faulds (Eds.), Total food, sustainability of the agri-food chain (pp. 186–195). Cambridge, UK: Royal Society of Chemistry.
Kratena, K. (2004). Ecological value added in an integrated ecosystem-economy model—an indicator for sustainability. Ecological Economics, 48, 189–200.
Krotscheck, C., & Narodoslawsky, M. (1996). The sustainable process index. A new dimension in ecological evaluation. Ecological Engineering, 6, 241–258.
Lam, H. L., Varbanov, P., & Klemeš, J. (2010). Minimising carbon footprint of regional biomass supply chains. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 54, 303–309.
Lam, H. L., Varbanov, P. S., & Klemeš, J. J. (2011). Regional renewable energy and resource planning. Applied Energy, 88(2), 545–550.
Lee, S. H., Choi, K., Osako, M., & Dong, J. (2007). Evaluation of environmental burdens caused by changes of food waste management systems in Seoul, Korea. Science of the Total Environment, 387, 42–53.
Lindeijer, E. (1996). Part VI: Normalisation and valualtion. In H. A. Udo de Haes (Ed.), Towards a methodology for life cycle impact assessment. Brussels: Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC).
Lindfors, L. G., Christiansen, K. & Hoffmann, L. (1995). Nordic guidelines on life cycle assessment. Nord 20, Copenhagen, Denmark: Nordic Council of Ministers.
Monfreda, C., Wackernagel, M., & Deumling, D. (2004). Establishing natural capital accounts based on detailed ecological footprint and biological capacity assessment. Land Use Policy, 21, 231–246.
Padgett, J. P., Steinemann, A. C., Clarke, J. H., & Vandenbergh, M. P. (2008). A comparison of carbon calculators. Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 28, 106–115.
Pennington, D. W., Potting, J., Finnveden, G., Lindeijer, E., Jolliet, O., & Rydberg, T. (2004). Life cycle assessment—part 2: Current impact assessment practice. Environment International, 30, 21–734.
Perry, S., Klemeš, J., & Bulatov, I. (2008). Integrating waste and renewable energy to reduce the carbon footprint of locally integrated energy sectors. Energy, 33, 1489–1497.
Pierucci, S., Brandani, P., Ranzi, E., & Sogaro, A. (2006). An industrial application of an on-line data reconciliation and optimization problem. Computers and Chemical Engineering, 20, S1539–S1544.
Sandholzer, D., & Narodoslawsky, M. (2007). SPIonExcel—fast and easy calculation of the sustainable process index via computer. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 50, 130–142.
Saw, S. Y., Lee, L., Lim, M. H., Foo, D. C. Y., Chew, I. M. L., Tan, R. R., et al. (2011). An extended graphical targeting technique for direct reuse/recycle in concentration and property-based resource conservation networks. Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy, 13(2), 347–357. doi:10.1007/s10098-010-0305-5. 1-11.
Schmidt, A., Poulsen, P. B., Andreasen, J., Floee, T. & Poulsen, K. E. (2004). The working environment in LCA. A new Approach. Guidelines from the Danish Environmental Agency, 72. Copenhagen, Denmark. Retrieved September 20, 2010 from www.lca-center.dk/cms/site.asp?p=2867.
Schmidt, J. H., Holm, P., Merrild, A., & Christensen, P. (2007). Life cycle assessment of the waste hierarchy—a Danish case study on waste paper. Waste Management, 27, 1519–1530.
Stoeglehner, G. (2003). Ecological footprint—a tool for assessing sustainable energy supplies. Journal of Cleaner Production, 11, 267–277.
Stranddorf, H. K., Hoffmann, L. & Schmidt, A. (2003). LCA technical report: Impact categories, normalisation and weighting in LCA. Update on selected EDIP97-data, Serititel nr xxx 2003. FORCE Technology/Denmark. Retrieved September 5, 2010 from www.lca-center.dk/cms/site.asp?p=2867.
Udo de Haes, H. A., & Heijungs, R. (2007). Life-cycle assessment for energy analysis and management. Applied Energy, 84, 817–827.
Varbanov, P., & Friedler, F. (2008). P-graph methodology for cost-effective reduction of carbon emissions involving fuel cell combined cycles. Applied Thermal Engineering, 28, 2020–2029.
Weber, C. L., Jaramillo, P., Marriott, J., & Samaras, C. (2010). Life cycle assessment and grid electricity: What do we know and what can we know? Environmental Science Technology, 44, 1895–1901.
Wiedmann, T., & Lenzen, M. (2007). On the conversion between local and global hectares in ecological footprint analysis. Ecological Economics, 60, 673–677.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2013 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Klemeš, J.J., De Benedetto, L. (2013). Environmental Assessment and Strategic Environmental Map Based on Footprints Assessment. In: Jawahir, I., Sikdar, S., Huang, Y. (eds) Treatise on Sustainability Science and Engineering. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6229-9_10
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6229-9_10
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-007-6228-2
Online ISBN: 978-94-007-6229-9
eBook Packages: Earth and Environmental ScienceEarth and Environmental Science (R0)