Abstract
The different individuals, populations, and species occurring together in a habitat do not exist independently of each other, but instead affect each other unilaterally or reciprocally in numerous relationships. The effects of such interactions have a substantial effect on the different structural and functional characteristics of an ecosystem, for example the number of species present, the sizes of their populations, the temporal development of the communities, and the flows of energy and nutrients.
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Martin, K., Sauerborn, J. (2013). Patterns and Processes in Ecosystems. In: Agroecology. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5917-6_3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5917-6_3
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