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Midkine, a Factor Promoting Cytoplasmic Maturation of Oocytes

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Midkine: From Embryogenesis to Pathogenesis and Therapy

Abstract

In most mammals, oocyte maturation is the final process of oogenesis, from the prophase of the first meiosis to the metaphase of the second meiosis, during which the oocyte acquires fertilizable competence as well as post-fertilization development competence. Notably, cytoplasmic maturation is important for oocytes to acquire fertilizable and post-fertilization developmental competence during maturation, and mainly regulated by environmental factors in ovarian antral follicles including follicular fluids and intercellular communication between oocytes and follicle cells such as granulosa and cumulus cells.

Midkine (MK) is included in follicular fluids at high concentrations, and its receptor complexes are present in antral follicles. In the in vitro maturation (IVM), cytoplasmic maturation of bovine cumulus-enclosed oocytes (CEOs) is promoted by adding MK to IVM medium. The promoting effect is not exerted in oocytes freed from CEOs (denuded oocytes, DOs), but is exerted in DOs co-cultured with cumulus cells or cultured with conditioned medium of granulosa cells prepared in the presence of MK. Furthermore, MK has anti-apoptotic effects on cumulus cells. Taken together, it is suggested that MK acts on the cumulus cells surrounding an oocyte to help them survive and secrete a cytoplasmic maturation-promoting factor(s), which acts directly on oocytes.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan

    Masayasu Yamada & Yuuki Isaji

  2. Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Functional Anatomy, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan

    Shuntaro Ikeda

Authors
  1. Masayasu Yamada
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  2. Yuuki Isaji
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  3. Shuntaro Ikeda
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Masayasu Yamada .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Medicine, Faculty of Biochemistry, Yeni Yüzyıl University, Yilanli Ayazma 26, Istanbul, 34000, Istanbul, Turkey

    Mine Ergüven

  2. , Department of Health Science, Aichi Gakuin University, 12 Araike, Iwasakicho, Nisshin, Aichi, Japan

    Takashi Muramatsu

  3. , Department of Histology and Embryology, Istanbul University Faculty of Medicine, Millet, Istanbul, Turkey

    Ayhan Bilir

Additional information

Funding: This work was supported in part by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan, and by grants from the Ito Foundation and the Association of Livestock Technology (Japan).

Conflict of interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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Yamada, M., Isaji, Y., Ikeda, S. (2012). Midkine, a Factor Promoting Cytoplasmic Maturation of Oocytes. In: Ergüven, M., Muramatsu, T., Bilir, A. (eds) Midkine: From Embryogenesis to Pathogenesis and Therapy. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4234-5_16

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