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Adherens Junctions: from Molecular Mechanisms to Tissue Development and Disease pp 279–299Cite as

Adherens Junctions in C. elegans Embryonic Morphogenesis

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Part of the book series: Subcellular Biochemistry ((SCBI,volume 60))

Abstract

Caenorhabditis elegans provides a simplified, in vivo model system in which to study adherens junctions (AJs) and their role in morphogenesis. The core AJ components—HMR-1/E-cadherin, HMP-2/β-catenin and HMP-1/α-catenin—were initially identified through genetic screens for mutants with body axis elongation defects. In early embryos, AJ proteins are found at sites of contact between blastomeres, and in epithelial cells AJ proteins localize to the multifaceted apical junction (CeAJ)—a single structure that combines the adhesive and barrier functions of vertebrate adherens and tight junctions. The apically localized polarity proteins PAR-3 and PAR-6 mediate formation and maturation of junctions, while the basolaterally localized regulator LET-413/Scribble ensures that junctions remain apically positioned. AJs promote robust adhesion between epithelial cells and provide mechanical resistance for the physical strains of morphogenesis. However, in contrast to vertebrates, C. elegans AJ proteins are not essential for general cell adhesion or for epithelial cell polarization. A combination of conserved and novel proteins localizes to the CeAJ and works together with AJ proteins to mediate adhesion.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Helen L. and Martin S. Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine at the Skirball Institute for Biomolecular Medicine, NYU School of Medicine, 10016, New York, NY, USA

    Stephen T. Armenti

  2. Department of Cell Biology, NYU School of Medicine, 10016, New York, NY, USA

    Stephen T. Armenti & Jeremy Nance

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  1. , Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Harbord Street 25, Toronto, M5S 3G5, Ontario, Canada

    Tony Harris

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Armenti, S.T., Nance, J. (2012). Adherens Junctions in C. elegans Embryonic Morphogenesis. In: Harris, T. (eds) Adherens Junctions: from Molecular Mechanisms to Tissue Development and Disease. Subcellular Biochemistry, vol 60. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4186-7_12

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