Abstract
Permafrost is defined as ground that remains below 0°C for at least 2 consecutive years. About 24% of the northern hemisphere land area is underlain by permafrost. The thawing of permafrost has the potential to influence the climate system through the release of carbon (C) from northern high latitude terrestrial ecosystems, but there is substantial uncertainty about the sensitivity of the C cycle to thawing permafrost. Soil C can be mobilized from permafrost in response to changes in air temperature, directional changes in water balance, fire, thermokarst, and flooding. Observation networks need to be implemented to understand responses of permafrost and C at a range of temporal and spatial scales. The understanding gained from these observation networks needs to be integrated into modeling frameworks capable of representing how the responses of permafrost C will influence the trajectory of climate in the future.
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Abbreviations
- AOGCMs:
-
Atmosphere-Ocean General Circulation Models
- C:
-
carbon
- CO2 :
-
carbon dioxide
- CAVM:
-
Circum Arctic Vegetation Map
- CALM:
-
Circumpolar Active Layer Monitoring network
- C4MIP:
-
Coupled Carbon Cycle Climate Model Intercomparison Project
- DOC:
-
dissolved organic carbon
- ECHAM:
-
European Centre/Hamburg Model
- GTN-P:
-
Global Terrestrial Network for Permafrost
- GHG:
-
greenhouse gas
- IPCC:
-
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
- MAAT:
-
mean annual air temperatures
- CH4 :
-
methane
- OM:
-
organic matter
- Pg C:
-
1 Pg = 1 billion metric tons = 1015 g = 1 Gt
- RCM:
-
Regional Climate Model
- SOC:
-
soil organic carbon
- SOM:
-
soil organic matter
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Boike, J. et al. (2012). Permafrost – Physical Aspects, Carbon Cycling, Databases and Uncertainties. In: Lal, R., Lorenz, K., Hüttl, R., Schneider, B., von Braun, J. (eds) Recarbonization of the Biosphere. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4159-1_8
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