Abstract
This chapter addresses the nanoscale dynamics involved in the sensitization of biological cells to ionizing radiation. More specifically, it describes the role of low energy electrons (LEE) in radiosensitization by gold nanoparticles and chemotherapeutic agents, as well as potential applications to radiotherapy. The basic mechanisms of action of the LEE generated within nanoscopic volumes by ionizing radiation are described in solid water ice and various forms of DNA. These latter include the subunits (i.e., a base, a sugar or the phosphate group), short single strands (i.e., oligonucleotides) and plasmid and linear DNA. By comparing the results from experiments with the different forms of the DNA molecule and theory, it is possible to determine fundamental mechanisms that are involved in the dissociation of the subunits, base release and the production of single, double-strand breaks and cross-links. Below 15 eV, LEE localize on DNA subunits to form transient negative ions. Such states can damage DNA by dissociating into a stable anion and radical fragment(s), via dissociative electron attachment, or by decaying into dissociative electronically excited states. LEE can also transfer from one DNA subunit to another, particularly from a base to the phosphate group, where they can induce cleavage of the C-O bond (i.e., break a strand). DNA damage and the corresponding nanoscale dynamics are found to be modified in the presence of other cellular constituents. For example, condensing on DNA the most abundant cellular molecule, H2O, induces the formation of a new type of transient anion whose parent is a H2O-DNA complex.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
V. Cobut, Y. Frongillo, J.P. Patau, T. Goulet, M.-J. Fraser, J.-P. Jay-Gerin, Radiat. Phys. Chem. 51, 229 (1998)
I. Abril, R. Garcia-Molina, C.D. Denton, I, Kyriakou, D. Emfietzoglou, Radiat. Res. 175, 247 (2011)
J.A. LaVerne, S.M. Pimblott, Radiat. Res. 141, 208 (1995)
S.M. Pimblott, J.A. LaVerne, Rad. Phys. Chem. 76, 1244 (2007)
H. Nikjoo, L. Linkbord, Phys. Med. Biol. 55, R65 (2010)
M. Inokuti, Radiat. Eff. Def. Sol. 117, 143 (1991)
N.F. Mott, H.S.W. Massey, The Theory of Atomic Collisions (Clarendon, Oxford, 1965)
K. Takayanagi, Prog. Theor. Phys. Suppl. Jpn 40, 216 (1967)
D. Srdoc, M. Inokuti, I. Krajcar-Bronic, E. Waibel, Y. Hatano, I. Kaplan, in Atomic and Molecular Data for Radiotherapy, edited by M. Inokuti (IAEA, CRP, 1995) p.547
L. Sanche, Scanning Microscopy 9, 619 (1995)
G.J. Schulz, Rev. Mod. Phys. 45, 378 (1973); ibid 45, 423 (1973)
M. Allan, J. Electr. Spectr. Rel. Phenom. 48, 219 (1989)
L. Sanche, in Excess Electrons in Dielectric Media, edited by J.-P. Jay-Gerin, C. Ferradini (CRC Press, Boca Raton, 1991)
L.G. Christophorou, Electron-Molecule Interactions and their Applications (Academic Press, Orlando, 1984)
H.S.W. Massey, Negative Ions (University Press, London, 1976)
R.E. Palmer, P. Rous, Rev. Mod. Phys. 64, 383 (1992)
L. Sanche, Surface Science 451, 82 (2000)
R.L.P. Adams, J.T. Knowler, D.P. Leader, The Biochemistry of the Nucleic Acids (Chapman and Hall, New York, 1981)
A.F. Fuciarelli, J.D. Zimbrick, Radiation Damage in DNA: Structure/Function Relationships at early Times (Batelle, Columbus, 1995)
C. von Sonntag, The Chemical Basis for Radiation biology (Taylor and Francis, London, 1987)
O. Yamamoto, Aging Carcinogenesis and Radiation Biology (Plenum, New York, 1976)
J.F. Ward, Advances in Radiation Biology 5 (Academic Press, New York, 1977)
L. Sanche, Phys. Scripta 68, C108 (2003)
L. Sanche, Eur. Phys. J. D – Atom. Mol. Opt. Phys. 35, 367 (2005)
L. Sanche, in Radiation induced molecular phenomena in nucleic acid: A comprehensive theoretical and experimental analysis, ed. by Manoj K. Shukla, J. Leszczynski (Springer, Netherlands, 2008)
L. Sanche, in Radicals in Nucleic Acids, edited by M. Greenberg (Wiley, 2009)
L. Caron, L. Sanche, in Radical and radical ion reactivity in nucleic acid chemistry, edited by P. Čársky, R. Čurik (Taylor & Francis, 2010) (submitted)
L. Zhang, Z. Tan, Radiat. Environ. Biophys. 49, 15 (2010)
M.A. Huels, B. Boudaïffa, P. Cloutier, D. Hunting, L. Sanche, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 125, 4467 (2003)
M. Inokuti, Atomic and Molecular Data Needed for Radiotherapy and Radiation Research TECDOC-799 (IAEA Press, Vienna, 1995)
F. Martin, P.D. Burrow, Z. Cai, P. Cloutier, D.J. Hunting, L. Sanche, Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 068101(2004)
J. Meesungnoen, J,-P. Jay-Gerin, A. Filali-Mouhim, S. Mankhetkorn, Radiat. Res. 158, 657 (2002)
B. Boudaïffa, P. Cloutier, D. Hunting, M.A. Huels, L. Sanche, Radiat. Res. 157, 227 (2002)
V.T. Devita Jr, S. Hellman, S.A. Resenberg, Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology (Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, New York, 2001)
M.W. Saif, R.B. Diaso, in Chemoradiation in Cancer Therapy, edited by Hak Choy (Humana Press, Totowa, 2003) Chap. 2
Y. Zheng, D.J. Hunting, P. Ayotte, L Sanche, Radiat. Res. 169, 19 (2008)
National institute of standards and technology database: http://physics.nist.gov/PhysRefData/Xcom/Text/XCOM.html
National institute of standards and technology database: http://physics.nist.gov/PhysRefData/Star/Text/contents.html
Stopping powers for electrons and positions, ICRU reports 37 (1984)
Stopping Power and Range Tables for Electrons. Available online at http://physics.nist.gov/PhysRefData/Star/Text/ESTAR.html
R.W. Howell, Med. Phys. 19, 1371 (1992)
J.L. Humm, R.W. Howell, D.V. Rao, Med. Phys. 21, 1901 (1994)
M.A. Herve du Penhoat, M.A. Huels, P. Cloutier, J.P. Jay-Gerin, L. Sanche, J. Chem. Phys. 114, 5755 (2001)
D.V. Klyachko, M.A. Huels, L. Sanche, Radiat. Res. 151, 177 (1999)
M.D. Porter, T.B. Bright, D.L. Allara, C.E.D. Chidsey, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 109, 3559 (1987)
P. Dugal, M.A. Huels, L. Sanche, Radiat. Res. 151, 325 (1999)
N. Mirsaleh-Kohan, A.D. Bass, L. Sanche, Langmuir 26, 6508 (2010)
P. Dugal, H. Abdoul-Carime, L. Sanche, J. Phys. Chem. B 104, 5610 (2000)
M. Bazin, S. Ptasińska, A.D. Bass, L. Sanche, E. Burean, P. Swiderek, J. Phys. Condens. Matter 22, 084003 (2010)
H. Abdoul-Carime, P.C. Dugal, L. Sanche, Radiat. Res. 153, 23 (2000)
B. Boudaiffa, P. Cloutier, D. Hunting, M.A. Huels, L. Sanche, Science 287, 1658 (2000)
S. Cecchini, S. Girouard, M.A. Huels, L. Sanche, D.J. Hunting, Biochemistry 44, 1932 (2005)
Y. Zheng, P. Cloutier, J.R. Wagner, L. Sanche, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 75, 4534 (2004)
Y. Zheng, P. Cloutier, D.J. Hunting, J.R. Wagner, L. Sanche, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 126, 1002 (2004)
E. Brun, P. Cloutier, C. Sicard-Roselli, M. Fromm, L. Sanche, J. Phys. Chem. B 113, 10008 (2009)
E. Alizadeh, P. Cloutier, D. Hunting, L. Sanche, J. Phys. Chem. B 115, 4523 (2011)
R.E. Krisch, M.B. Flick, C.N. Trumbore, Radiat. Res. 126, 251 (1991)
C.M. deLara, T.J. Jenner, K.M.S. Townsend, S.J. Marsden, P. O’Neill, Radiat. Res. 144, 43 (1995)
P. Rowntree, L. Parenteau, L. Sanche, J. Chem. Phys. 94, 8570 (1991)
W.C. Simpson, M.T. Sieger, T.M. Orlando, L. Parenteau, K. Nagesha, L. Sanche, J. Chem. Phys. 107, 8668 (1997)
W.C. Simpson, T.M. Orlando, L. Parenteau, K. Nagesha, L. Sanche, J. Chem. Phys. 108, 5027 (1998)
G.A. Kimmel, T.M. Orlando, Phys. Rev. Lett. 77, 3983 (1996)
G.A. Kimmel, T.M. Orlando, C. Vezina, L. Sanche, J. Chem. Phys. 101, 3282 (1994)
G.A. Kimmel, T.M. Orlando, Phys. Rev. Lett. 75, 2606 (1995)
G.A. Kimmel, T.M. Orlando, P. Cloutier, L. Sanche, J. Phys. Chem. B 101, 6301 (1997)
M. Michaud, A. Wen, L. Sanche, Radiat. Res. 159, 3 (2003)
R. Panajotovic, F. Martin, P. Cloutier, D. Hunting, L. Sanche, Radiat. Res. 165, 452 (2006)
X. Pan, L. Sanche, Chem. Phys. Lett. 421, 404 (2006)
L. Sanche, Phys. Rev. Lett. 53, 1638 (1984)
X. Pan, L. Sanche, Phys. Rev. Lett. 94,198104 (2005)
Y. Zheng, P. Cloutier, D. Hunting, L. Sanche, J.R. Wagner, Am. Chem. Soc. 127, 16592 (2005)
H. Abdoul-Carime, S. Gohlke, E. Fischbach, J. Scheike, E. Illenberger, Chem. Phys. Lett. 387, 267 (2004)
D. Becker, A. Bryant-Friedrich, C. Trzasko, M.D. Sevilla, Radiat. Res. 160, 174 (2003)
D. Becker, Y. Razskazovskii, M. Callaghan, M.D. Sevilla, Radiat. Res. 146, 361 (1996)
L. Shukla, R. Pazdro, D. Becker, M.D. Sevilla, Radiat. Res. 163, 591 (2005)
Y. Zheng, P. Cloutier, D.J. Hunting, J.R. Wagner, L. Sanche, J. Chem. Phys. 124, 64710(2006)
Y. Zheng, R. Wagner, L. Sanche, Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 208101 (2006)
R. Barrios, P. Skurski, J. Simons, J. Phys. Chem. B 106, 7991 (2002)
J. Berdys, I. Anusiewicz, P. Skurski, J. Simons, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 126, 6441 (2004) and references therein
P.L. Lévesque, M. Michaud, W. Cho, L. Sanche, J. Chem. Phys. 122, 224704 (2005)
C. Winstead, V. McKoy, Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 113201 (2007)
Z. Li, Y. Zheng, P. Cloutier, L. Sanche, J.R. Wagner, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 130, 5612 (2008)
Y.S. Park, H. Cho, L. Parenteau, A.D. Bass, L. Sanche, J. Chem. Phys. 125, 074714 (2006)
C. Jäggle, P. Swiderek, S.-Ph. Breton, M. Michaud, L. Sanche, J. Phys. Chem. B 110, 12512 (2006)
Z. Li, P. Cloutier, L. Sanche, J.R. Wagner, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 132, 5422 (2010)
J. Gu, J. Wang, J. Leszczynski, Nucl. Acids Res. 38, 5280 (2010)
L.G. Caron, S. Tonzani, C.H. Greene, L. Sanche, Phys. Rev. A 78, 042710 (2008)
Li et al., submitted
T. Solomun, H. Seitz, H. Sturm, J. Phys. Chem. 113, 11557 (2009)
J. Gu, Y. Xie, H.F. Schaefer, J. Phys. Chem. B 114, 1221 (2010)
S.G. Ray, S.S. Daube, R. Naaman, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 102, 15–19 (2005)
K. Aflatooni, G.A. Gallup, P.D. Burrow, J. Phys. Chem. A 102, 6205 (1998)
B. Boudaiffa, P. Cloutier, D. Hunting, M.A. Huels, L. Sanche, Méd. Sci. 16, 1281 (2000)
A.D. Bass, L. Sanche, Radiat. Environ. Biophys. 37, 243 (1998)
N. Mirsaleh-Kohan, A.D. Bass, L. Sanche, J. Chem. Phys. 134, 015102 (2011)
S. Ptasińska, L. Sanche, Phys. Rev. E 75, 031915 (2007)
N.J. Tao, S.M. Lindsay, A. Rupprecht, Biopolymers 28, 1019 (1989)
M. Falk, K.A. Hartman, R.C. Lord, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 85, 387 (1963)
M. Falk, Can. J. Chem. 43, 314 (1965)
T.M. Orlando, D. Oh, Y. Chen, A.B. Aleksandrov, J. Chem. Phys. 128, 195102 (2008)
A. Dumont, Y. Zheng, D. Hunting, L. Sanche, J. Chem. Phys. 132, 045102 (2010)
Y. Zheng, L. Sanche, J. Chem. Phys. 133, 155102 (2010)
H.E. Johns, J.R. Cunningham, The physics of Radiology, (C.C. Thomas Publisher, Springfield, Illinois, 1983)
S. Ptasińska, Z. Li, N.J. Mason, L. Sanche, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 12, 9367 (2010)
T. Solomun, T. Skalicky, Chem. Phys. Lett. 453, 101 (2008)
S. Swarts, M. Sevilla, D. Becker, C. Tokar, K. Wheeler, Radiat. Res. 129, 333 (1992)
Z. Cai, P. Cloutier, L. Sanche, D. Hunting, Radiat. Res. 164, 173 (2005)
Shimamura J, Takayanagi K, Electron-Molecule Collision. Plenum, (New York, 1984)
M. Folkard, K.M. Prise, B. Vojnovic, B. Brocklehurst, B.D. Michael, Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 76, 763 (2000)
X. Pan, P. Cloutier, D. Hunting, L. Sanche, Phys. Rev. Lett. 90, 208102 (2003)
J. Landry, W. Blackstock, R.M. McRae, G. Yang, H. Choy, in Chemoradiation in Cancer Therapy, edited by H. Choy (Humana Press, Totowa, NJ, 2003)
V. Brabec, in Platinum-based Drugs in cancer therapy, edited by L.R. Kelland, N. Farrell (Humana Press Inc, Totowa, NJ, 2000)
J.D. Zimbrick, A. Sukrochana, R.C. Richmond, Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 5, 1351 (1979)
P. Lelieveld, M.A. Scoles, J.M. Brown, R.F. Kallman, Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 11, 111 (1985)
L. Dewit, Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 13, 403 (1987)
Y. Zheng, D.J. Hunting, P. Ayotte, L. Sanche, Phys. Rev. Let. 100. 198101 (2008)
R.N. Bose, Mini-Rev. Med. Chem. 2, 103 (2002)
Q.-B. Lu, S. Kalantari, C.-R. Wang, Mol. Pharmaceut. 4, 624 (2007)
N.F. Mott, H.S.W. Massey, The Theory of Atomic Collisions (Clarendon, Oxford, 1965)
A.D. Bass, J. Gamache, P. Ayotte an L. Sanche, J. Chem. Phys. 104, 4258 (1996)
H.S.W. Massey, E.H.S. Burhop, H.B. Gilbody, Electron Collisions with Molecules and Photoionization (Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1969)
K. Nagesha, L. Sanche, Phys. Rev. Lett. 81, 5892 (1998)
E.T. Jensen, L. Sanche, J. Chem. Phys. 129, 074703 (2008)
R. Naaman, L. Sanche, Chem. Rev. 107, 1553 (2007)
D.M. Herold, I.J. Das, C.C. Stobbe, R.V. Iyer, J.D. Chapman, Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 76, 1357 (2000)
R. Whyman, Gold Bull. 29, 11 (1996)
W. Chen, J. Zhang, J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. 6, 1159 (2006)
A. Anshup, J.S. Venkataraman, C. Subramaniam, R.R. Kumar, S. Priya, T.R.S. Kumar, R.V. Omkumar, A. John, T. Pradeep, Langmuir 21, 11562 (2005)
T. Niidome, K. Nakashima, H. Takahashi, Y. Niidome, Chem. Commun. 1978 (2004)
J.J. Hainfeld, D.N. Slatkin, H.M. Smilowitz, Phys. Med. Biol. 49, N309 (2004)
M. Chang, A. Shiau, Y. Chen, C. Chang, H. Chen, C. Wu, Cancer Sci. 99, 1479 (2008)
E. Brun, P. Duchambon, Y Blouquit, G. Keller, L. Sanche, C. Sicard-Roselli, Rad. Phys. Chem. 78, 177 (2009)
E.A. Foley, J.D. Carter, F. Shan, T. Guo, Chem. Commun. 25, 3192 (2005)
J.D. Carter, N.N. Cheng, Y. Qu, G.D. Suarez, T. Guo, J. Phys. Chem. B 111, 11622 (2007)
K.T. Butterworth, J.A.Wyer, M. Brennan-Fournet, C.J. Latimer, M.B. Shah, F.J. Currell, D.G. Hirst, Radiat. Res. 170, 381 (2008)
S.H. Cho, Phys. Med. Biol. 50, N163 (2005)
E. Brun, L. Sanche, C. Sicard-Roselli, Colloids Surf. B 72, 128 (2009)
L. Reimers, H. Drescher, J. Phys. D 10, 805 (1977); J. Goldstein II, D.E. Newbury, P. Echlin, D.C. Joy, A.D. Romig Jr., C.E. Lyma, Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray microanalysis (Plenum Press, New York, 1992) 2nd ed
J. Schou, in Physical processes of the interaction of fusion plasmas with solids, edited by W. Hofer, J. Roth (Academic Press, New York, 1993)
B. Kang, M.A. Mackey, M.A. El-Sayed, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 132, 1517 (2010)
Y. Zheng, P. Cloutier, D.J. Hunting, L. Sanche, J. Biomed. Nanotechnol. 4, 469 (2008)
E. Hébert, P.-J. Debouttière, M. Lepage, L. Sanche, D.J. Hunting. Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 86, 692–700 (2010)
Y. Zheng, L. Sanche, Radiat. Res. 172, 114 (2009)
J. Malinge, M. Giraud-Panis, M. Leng, J. Inorg. Biochem. 77, 23 (1999)
J. Meesungnoen, J.-P. Jay-Gerin, private communication
K. F. Ness, R. E. Robson, Phys. Rev. A 38, 1446–1456 (1988)
N. L. Djuric, I. M. Cadez, M. V. Kupera, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Proc. 83, R7–R10 (1988)
M. A. Bolorizadeh, M. E. Rudd, Phys. Rev. A 23, 882–887 (1986)
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research and the Marie Curie international incoming fellowship program of the European Commission. Thanks are extended to Drs E. Alizadeh, A.D. Bass, M.A. Huels, D. Hunting, M. Michaud, L.G. Caron and R. Wagner for helpful comments and corrections. The efficient collaboration of Ms Francine Lussier in the elaboration of this article is gratefully acknowledged.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2012 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Sanche, L. (2012). Nanoscale Dynamics of Radiosensitivity: Role of Low Energy Electrons. In: García Gómez-Tejedor, G., Fuss, M. (eds) Radiation Damage in Biomolecular Systems. Biological and Medical Physics, Biomedical Engineering. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2564-5_1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2564-5_1
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-007-2563-8
Online ISBN: 978-94-007-2564-5
eBook Packages: Physics and AstronomyPhysics and Astronomy (R0)