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Influence of Environmental Factors on the Epigenome

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Epigenetic Epidemiology

Abstract

In this chapter we will consider the role of environmental factors on the epigenome. The importance of rapidly emerging research into the types of exposures that may alter epigenetic marks is increasingly being recognized. A large portion of epigenetic research to date has focused on epigenetic alterations in cancer and therefore, exposures such as tobacco, alcohol, radiation, arsenic, and air pollution will be covered. Additionally, we review research on other exposures that may affect epigenetic states such as folate and diet, aging, and endocrine disruptors. We will briefly cover environmental exposures and imprinting and development, as well as discuss potential mechanisms for exposures to modify epigenetic states. Appropriate epidemiologic studies will be crucial to understanding the true effect of environmental exposures on the human epigenome and this work is urgently needed in order to better understand the biology of epigenetic alterations. With a more comprehensive understanding of the affects of exposures on the epigenome (including consideration of genetic background), not only will the prediction of the toxic potential of new compounds be more readily achieved, but more personalized disease prevention and treatment strategies may be developed.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Community and Family Medicine, Section of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Dartmouth Medical School Hanover, Hanover, NH, USA

    Brock C. Christensen

  2. Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Community and Family Medicine, Section of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover, NH, USA

    Carmen J. Marsit

  3. Department of Community Health, Center for Environmental Health and Technology, Providence, RI, USA

    Karl T. Kelsey

  4. Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA

    Karl T. Kelsey

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  1. Brock C. Christensen
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  2. Carmen J. Marsit
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  3. Karl T. Kelsey
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Correspondence to Brock C. Christensen .

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  1. , Obstetrics and Gynecology Epidemiology D, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Longwood Avenue 221, Boston, 02115, Massachusetts, USA

    Karin B. Michels

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Christensen, B.C., Marsit, C.J., Kelsey, K.T. (2012). Influence of Environmental Factors on the Epigenome. In: Michels, K. (eds) Epigenetic Epidemiology. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2495-2_12

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