Skip to main content

Cost and Fee Allocation in Finland

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Book cover Cost and Fee Allocation in Civil Procedure

Part of the book series: Ius Gentium: Comparative Perspectives on Law and Justice ((IUSGENT,volume 11))

  • 823 Accesses

Abstract

This report provides an overview of the main features of Finland’s rules on cost and fee allocation in civil procedure. As a general rule, Finland implements a loser-pays system in which both court costs and attorney’s fees are shifted, subject to the requirements of reasonableness and necessity. This report will also describe a number of exceptions to the general rule that are related to the nature of the case, actions of the parties, and equity. Despite an extensive public legal aid system in Finland, the risk of bearing an opponent’s legal costs may in many cases create a barrier to access to justice, and may explain the high degree of settlement in the country.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Notes

  1. 1.

    Code of Judicial Procedure Section 21 Chapter 3.

  2. 2.

    In 2008, the median legal costs of plaintiffs and defendants were 6,500 euros and 5,554 euros respectively. The median award on costs was 5,277 euros. Kaijus Ervasti, Käräjäoikeuksien riita-asiat 2008 (Helsinki: Oikeuspoliittinen tutkimuslaitos, 2009), 21.

  3. 3.

    See Government Bill “Hallituksen esitys Eduskunnalle oikeudenkäyntikulujen korvaamista koskevien säännösten muuttamisesta 191/1993”.

  4. 4.

    Code of Judicial Procedure Chapter 17 Section 40.

  5. 5.

    See Finnish Supreme Court Decisions 1996:131, 1997:77, 2001:68, and 2002:96.

  6. 6.

    Kaijus Ervasti, “Riita-asiat tuomioistuimissa,” in Katsaus oikeudellisten instituutioiden toimintaan ja oikeuden saatavuuteen, ed. Marjukka Lasola (Helsinki: Oikeuspoliittinen tutkimuslaitos, 2009), 51.

  7. 7.

    Code of Judicial Procedure Chapter 21 Sections 1 and 2.

  8. 8.

    Antti Jokela, Oikeudenkäynti, vol. III (Helsinki: Talentum, 2004), 298.

  9. 9.

    Code of Judicial Procedure Section 21 Chapter 4 Paragraph 1.

  10. 10.

    Hallituksen esitys 191/1993, 13.

  11. 11.

    Antti Jokela, Oikeudenkäynti III, 307.

  12. 12.

    Code of Judicial Procedure Chapter 5 Section 19.

  13. 13.

    Code of Judicial Procedure Chapter 5 Section 26.

  14. 14.

    See Supreme Court judgment 2008:52.

  15. 15.

    These views are based on the personal experiences of two experienced attorneys, Mr. Juha Kiiha and Mr. Mats Welin, whom I kindly thank for their assistance on the matter.

  16. 16.

    See Hallituksen esitys 191/1993, 21.

  17. 17.

    See Jarkko Männistö, “Oikeudenkäyntikulut kannustimena – taloustieteellinen analyysi oikeudenkäyntikulujen korvausvelvollisuuden vaikutuksista,” Lakimies (2005): 79–97.

  18. 18.

    Suomen Asianajajaliitto, Asianajajatutkimus 2007, 26.

  19. 19.

    Legal Aid Act 257/2002.

  20. 20.

    Suomen Asianajajaliitto, Asianajajatutkimus 2007, 23.

  21. 21.

    Ibid., 25.

  22. 22.

    Ibid., 26.

  23. 23.

    Code of Judicial Procedure Chapter 21 Section 14.

  24. 24.

    Suomen Asianajajaliitto, Asianajajatutkimus 2007, 23.

  25. 25.

    Matti Ylöstalo, and Olli Tarkka, Asianajajan käsikirja (Helsinki: WSLT, 1998), 236.

  26. 26.

    Group Litigation Act 444/2007, Section 17.

  27. 27.

    Marjukka Litmala, and Kari Alasaari, Köyhäinavusta kansalaisoikeudeks: Oikeusapu-uudistuksen seurantatutkimuksen I osaraportti (Helsinki: Oikeuspoliittinen tutkimuslaitos, 2004), 77.

  28. 28.

    Ibid., 78.

  29. 29.

    Kairinen Martti et al., Työsopimuslain toimivuus: Työsopimuslain seurantatutkimus II osaraportti (Helsinki: Työministeriö, 2004), 100.

  30. 30.

    Kaijus Ervasti, Käräjäoikeuksien riita-asiat 2008, 21.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jarkko Männistö .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2012 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Männistö, J. (2012). Cost and Fee Allocation in Finland. In: Reimann, M. (eds) Cost and Fee Allocation in Civil Procedure. Ius Gentium: Comparative Perspectives on Law and Justice, vol 11. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2263-7_9

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics