Abstract
This chapter describes the design and conception of the Self-Powered CMOS Front-End Architecture for a Biomedical Subcutaneous Device. The entire architecture is presented in detail as well as the powering and communication through the inductive link. The power and communication antenna and the connections between the MHCP IC (Chapter 2), the BioChip IC (Chapter 3) and the sensor are also detailed afterwards. The results obtained with the final capsule prototype with a size less than 4.5 cm × 2.5 cm are shown and commented in depth. Problems regarding misalignments between the internal and external antennas are studied and the SOA (Safety Operation Area) region is introduced. Finally, the prototype has been validated as a detector.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsReferences
E. Ghafar-Zadeh, M. Sawan, Toward fully integrated CMOS based capacitive sensor for lab-on-chip applications, IEEE International Workshop on Medical Measurements and Applications, MeMeA 2008, (May 2008), pp. 77–80
D. Barretino, Design considerations and recent advances in CMOS-based microsystems for point-of-care clinical diagnostics, in Proceedings of the IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, (2006), pp. 4362–4365
Cygnus Inc, http://www.cygnusinc.net/
L. Cantarero, J. Butler, J. Osborne, The adsorptive characteristics of proteins for polystyrene and their significance in solid-phase immunoassays. Anal. Biochem. 105, 375–382 (1980)
O.A. Sadik, A.O. Aluoch, A. Zhou, Status of biomolecular recognition using electrochemical techniques. Biosens. Bioelectron. 24, 2749–2765 (2009)
M. Sawan, H. Yamu, J. Coulombe, Wireless smart implants dedicated to multichannel monitoring and microstimulation. IEEE Circuits. Sys. Mag. 5, 21–39 (2005)
C.M. Zierhofer, E.S. Hachmair, Geometric approach for coupling enhancement of magnetically coupled coils. IEEE Tran. Biomed. Eng. 43, 708–714 (1996)
C. Sauer, M. Stanacevic, G. Cauwenberhs, N. Thakor, Power harvesting and telemetry in CMOS for implanted devices. IEEE Trans. Circuits Sys. 52(12), 2605–2613 (Dec 2005)
Y. Li, J. Liu, A 13.56 MHz RFID transponder front-end with merged load modulation and voltage doubler-clamping rectifier circuits, IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, (2005), pp. 5095–5098
K. Myny, S. Van Winckel, S. Steudel, P. Vicca, S. De Jonge, M.J. Beenhakkers, C.W Sele, N.A.J.M. van Aerle, G.H. Gelink, J. Genoe, P. Heremans, An inductively-coupled 64b organic RFID tag operating at 13,56 MHz with a data rate of 787b/s, IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference, 290–614 (2008)
A. Gore, S. Chakrabartty, S. Pal, E. Alocilja, A multi-channel femtoampere-sensitivity conductometric array for biosensing applications, 28th IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Science Conference, 6489–6492 (2006)
M.R. Haider, S.K. Islam, M. Zhang, A low-power processing unit for in vivo monitoring and transmission of sensor signals. Sensors Trans. J. 84(10), 1625–1632 (Oct 2007)
C. Sauer, M. Stanacevic, G. Cauwenberhs, and N. Thakor, Power harvesting and telemetry in CMOS for implanted devices. IEEE Trans. Circuits Sys. 52(12), 2605–2613 (Dec 2005)
Y. Li, J. Liu, A 13.56 MHz RFID transponder front-end with merged load modulation and voltage doubler-clamping rectifier circuit, IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, 5095–5098 (2005)
K. Myny, S. Van Winckel, S. Steudel, P. Vicca, S. De Jonge, M.J. Beenhakkers, C.W Sele, N.A.J.M. van Aerle, G.H. Gelink, J. Genoe, P. Heremans, An inductively-coupled 64b organic RFID tag operating at 13,56 MHz with a data rate of 787b/s, IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference, 290–614 (2008)
M.R. Haider, S.K. Islam, S. Mostafa, Z. Mo, O. Taeho, Low-power low-voltage current readout circuit for inductively powered implant system. IEEE Trans. Biomed. Circuits Sys. 4(4), 205–213 (2010). ISSN: 1932-4545
H.A. Wolpert, Use of continous glucose monitoring in the detection and prevention of hypoglycemia. J. Diabetes Sci. Technol. 1(1), 146–150 (Jan 2007)
Medtronic Minimed Inc, http://www.medtronicdiabetes.com/
Abbot Inc, http://www.abbott.com/
J.D. Newman, A.P.F. Turner, Home blood glucose biosesors: A commercial perspective. Biosens. Bioelectron. 20, 2435–2453 (2005)
M. Frost, M.E. Meyerhoff, In vivo chemical sensors: Tackling biocompatibility. Anal. Chem. 78(21), 7370–7377 (2006)
M.W. Jung, D.W. Kim, R.A. Jeong, H.C. Kim, Needle-type Multi-electrode Array Fabricated by MEMS Technology for the Hypodermic Continous Glucose Monitoring System. in Proceedings of the International Coference of EMBS. (San Francisco, 2004), pp. 1987–1989
H. Nim Choi, J. Hoon Han, J. Ae Park, J. Mi Lee, Won-Yong Lee, Amperometric glucose biosensor based on glucose oxidase encapsulated in carbon nanotube-titania-nafion composite film on platinized glassy carbon electrode. Electroanalysis 19(17), 1757–1763 (2007)
A. Erdem, H. Karadeniz, A. Caliskan, Single-walled carbon nanotubes modified graphite electrodes for electrochemical monitoring of nucleis acids ad biomolecular interactions. Electroanalysis 21(3–5), 461–471 (2009)
J. Wang, In vivo glucose monitoring: Towards “Sense and Act” feedback-loop individualized medical systems. Talanta 75, 636–641 (2008)
E. Lin Tan, B.D. Pereles, B. Horton, R. Shao, M. Zourob, K. Ghee Ong, Implantable biosensors for real-time strain and pressure monitoring. Sensors 8, 6396–6406 (Oct 2008)
Positive ID/Verichip White Paper, Development of an Implantable Glucose Sensor, http://www.positiveidcorp.com/white-papers.html
S. Zimmermann, D. Fienbork, B. Stoeber, A.W. Flounders, D. Liepmann, in Proceeding Internatioal Conference on Solid-state Sensors. A microneedle-based glucose monitor: Fabrication on a wafer-level using in-device enzyme immobilization (Actuators and Microsystems, Boston, MA, 2003), pp. 99–102
A. Hassibi, T.H. Lee, A programmable 0.18-μm CMOS electrochemical sensor microarray for biomolecular detection. IEEE Sens. J. 6(6), 1380–1388 (Dec 2006)
R.D. Beach, R.W. Conlan, M.C. Godwin, F. Moussy, Towards a miniature implantable in vivo telemetry monitoring system dinamically configurable as a potentiostat or galvanostat for two- and three-electrode biosensors. IEEE Tran. Instrum. Meas. 54(1), 61–72 (Feb 2005)
M.R. Haider, S. Mostafa, S.K. Islam, A Low-Power Sensor Read-Out Circuit with FSK Telemetry for Inductively-Powered Implant System, in IEEE Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems, MWSCAS, (2008), pp. 450–453
J. Sacristán-Riquelme, F. Segura, M. Teresa Osés, Simple and efficient inductive telemetry system with data and power transmission. Microelectron. J. 39(1), 103–111 (Jan 2008)
P. Vaillancourt, A. Djemouai, J.F. Harvey, M. Sawan, EM radiation behaviour upon biological tissues in a radio-frequency power transfer link for a cortical visual implant. 19th IEEE. Eng. Med. Biol. Sci. Conf. 6, 2499–2502 (1997)
J. Colomer-Farrarons, J. Brufau, P. Miribel-Català, A. Saiz-Vela, M. Puig-Vidal, J. Samitier, Power Conditioning Circuitry for a Self-Powered Mobile System Based on an Array of Micro PZT Generators in a 0.13 μM Technology, IEEE Insternational Symposium on Industrial Electronics, (June 2007), pp. 2353–2357
A. Lasia. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy and Its Applications Modern Aspects of Electrochemistry, vol. 32, (New york, Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publisher, 1999), Chapter 2, pp. 143–243
L. Yang, Y. Li, C.L. Griffis, M.G. Johnson, Interdigitated microelectrode (IME) impedance sensor for the detection of ciable Salmonella typhimurium. Biosens. Bioelectron. 19(10), 1139–1147 (2004)
A. De Marcellis, G. Ferri, M. Patrizi, V. Stornelli, A. D’Amico, C. Di Natale, E. Martinelli, A. Alimelli, R. Paolesse, An integrated analog lock-in amplifier for low-voltage low-frequency sensor interface, International Workshop on Advances in Sensors and Interface, IWASI, (June 2007), pp. 1–5
D. Rairigh, A. Mason, C. Yang, Analysis of on-chip impedance spectroscopy methodologies for sensor arrays. Sens. Lett. 4(4), 398–402 (2006)
A.E. Moe, S.R. Marx, I. Bhinderwala, D.M. Wilson, A miniaturuzed lock-in amplifier design suitable for impedance measurements in cells. Proc. IEEE Sensors 1(24–27), 215–218 (AUTRICHE 2004)
Texas Instruments TRF7960 (Rev. E) on-line documentation, http://focus.ti.com/docs/prod/folders/print/trf7960.html
C.G. Zoski, Handbook of electrochemistery. Elseiber. (2007). ISBN: 0-444-51958-0
J.C. Lotters, W. Olthuis, P.H. Veltink, P. Bergveld, The mechanical properties of the rubber elastic polymer polydimethylsiloxane for sensor applications. J. Micromech. Microeng. 7, 145–147 (1997). doi:10.1088/0960-1317/7/3/017
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2011 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Colomer-Farrarons, J., Miribel-Català, P.L. (2011). CMOS Front-End Architecture for In-vivo Biomedical Subcutaneous Detection Devices. In: A CMOS Self-Powered Front-End Architecture for Subcutaneous Event-Detector Devices. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0686-6_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0686-6_4
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-007-0685-9
Online ISBN: 978-94-007-0686-6
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)