Abstract
In this book we argue that energy use is fundamental to how a city should be viewed in relation to ecological sustainability goals. Therefore, it is important to understand current patterns of energy use. When we focus on the private and public consumption of a given population (Stockholm residents), we cannot use the usual energy statistics, which primarily describe energy use in a specific economic sector or a geographic area, usually Sweden. For this reason, we have done completely new calculations that consider the energy content of goods and services that are exported and imported, which will allow us to estimate the total direct and indirect energy use of the given population.
Chapter written by Leif Hedberg and Mattias Höjer.
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- 1.
In reality, the data for energy use is a mixture of the data for the years 1999, 2000 and 2001. We have chosen to call it energy use in 2000 in the rest of the presentation.
- 2.
See Chap. 2 for a description of the household functions.
- 3.
Municipal energy balances in 2000 and 2005.
- 4.
Uppenberg, S. et al. Miljöfaktabok for bränslen (Environmental facts about fuels), 2001.
- 5.
Hedberg et al. Rum for framtiden (Space for the future), 2003.
- 6.
Calculations done for this book.
- 7.
Uppenberg (2001).
- 8.
The RES travel survey is conducted by Statistics Sweden on the assignment of the Swedish Institute for Transport and Communications Analysis.
- 9.
Åkerman, J. and Höjer, M. “How much transport can the climate stand?”, 2006.
- 10.
www.scb.se, Databases.
- 11.
The input–output analysis was done by Statistics Sweden’s environmental accounting department on the assignment of the research project behind this book.
- 12.
Includes losses except for conversion losses in nuclear power, which facilitates comparison with the Swedish Energy Agency’s data below.
- 13.
Energy in Sweden, 2003–2004, table for Fig. 2. Total energy use not including losses in nuclear power and the “Foreign shipping and use for non-energy purposes” item.
- 14.
This table does not include product group 11, “Raw petroleum and natural gas”, because this group primarily falls under the Swedish Energy Agency’s categories: “Transport” and “Housing, service, etc.”
- 15.
Statistics Sweden, Environmental impact of Swedish trade, 2002.
- 16.
Statistics Sweden, Household expenses, 2000.
- 17.
Annual statistics for Stockholm County and county council in 2004, p. 227.
- 18.
Statistics Sweden, National accounts, 1995–2000, 2001a, p. 8.
- 19.
Statistics Sweden, Energy statistics for low-rise housing 2000, 2001b.
- 20.
Swedish Energy Agency, Cut energy costs in your house, 2001.
- 21.
Jackson, T. and Marks, N. “Consumption, sustainable welfare and human needs”, 1999, pp. 436–439.
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Höjer, M., Gullberg, A., Pettersson, R. (2011). Energy Use from the Household Perspective. In: Images of the Future City. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0653-8_27
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