Abstract
Floods cause significant damages not only on, but also beneath the earth’s surface. Infiltration of surface water into deeper soil, flooding of the urban sewer system and, in consequence, rising groundwater levels are main causes of subsurface damages. There are various reasons for high groundwater levels during and after flood events. Two different processes can be specified. The direct infiltration of surface water into the aquifer during a flood is the most important process. However the inflow of surface runoff into sewer systems and subsequently from the sewer system into the groundwater aquifer is another, more indirect cause for groundwater rise. Here a coupled modelling of flood scenarios with recently developed software was applied, which combines individual modules under consideration of different model geometries, time synchronization and data exchanges. The coupled model was applied for the City of Dresden (Germany). It allows a comprehensive description of the impact of floods on groundwater. As a result of this study it became obvious that surface flooding is the dominating process for flood damages in the study region. Nevertheless are risk assessments for rising groundwater levels essential for subterranean infrastructure and buildings. Maps of subsurface flood hazard are helpful for urban planning in flood endangered regions. Measures to mitigate damages can be applied gradually accordingly to the state of risk.
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Acknowledgements
The results are based on research projects “Impact of the August-2002-Flood on the Groundwater Body in the Area of Dresden City – Solutions and Activity Recommendations” (Proj. No. 0330493), “Development of a 3-Zone-Model for the Groundwater Management and the Infrastructure Management after Extreme Flood Events in Urban Areas (3ZM-GRIMEX)” (Proj. No. 02WH0557) as well as “MULTISURE” (Proj. No. 0330755) – sponsored by Federal Ministry of Education and Research of Germany.
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Sommer, T. (2011). Groundwater – The Subterranean Part of Flood Risk. In: Schumann, A. (eds) Flood Risk Assessment and Management. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9917-4_10
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9917-4_10
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