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Microbial Plant Pathogens-Detection and Disease Diagnosis: pp 295–312Cite as

Diagnosis of Viral and Viroid Diseases of Plants

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Abstract

Plant viruses and viroids infect a large number of crops and other plant species, in spite of their extremely small size and elementary structure. The viruses are strictly obligate, intracellular parasites and adopt themselves for the varying conditions existing in their plant and natural vectors. For the diagnosis of virus diseases, it may not be possible to fulfill all steps of the Koch’s postulates. But the consistent and constant association of the virus(es) with the newly observed disease(s) can be demonstrated by detecting the viruses by applying various techniques depending on their biological, immunological and nucleic acid characteristics. Use of local lesion host/assay host plant species has been very useful to prove the pathogenicity of the viruses that require long time for symptom expression, as in the case of viruses infecting fruit trees. Immunological methods have greater sensitivity and reliability compared to biological methods for diagnosing virus infections, particularly latent infections. In the recent years, polymerase chain reaction-based and hybridization based-methods are being recommended as diagnostic tool because of the accuracy, rapidity, sensitivity and specificity of the results. Nucleic acid-based techniques are primarily applied for the diagnosis of viroid diseases. The disease diagnostic centers (DDCs), plant quarantines and certification programs have a vital role in the prevention of introduction of viral and viroid diseases from other countries or locations within the country. The need for upgrading and providing required facilities to these centers and programs is emphasized.

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  1. Grand Parade Apartments 32 D Thilagar Street, R. S. Puram, Coimbatore, 641 002, India

    P. Narayanasamy

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Narayanasamy, P. (2011). Diagnosis of Viral and Viroid Diseases of Plants. In: Microbial Plant Pathogens-Detection and Disease Diagnosis:. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9754-5_5

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