Abstract
There is a growing need for evidence-based and concrete information about the interrelationship between population and development by policymakers in many countries. This paper provides information on the contribution of population to the realization of Ethiopia’s vision of “extricating itself from poverty and becoming a middle-income economy”. It uses a computer model “Spectrum” to project the population to the year 2035 under two fertility decline scenarios and links it with the growth in Gross Domestic Product (GDP). The assumptions for the two projections are: (1) High fertility decline scenario at TFR 2.1 in contrast to a low fertility decline scenario at 3.4 TFR by 2035, and (2) A faster development scenario with GDP growth of 10.1% annually, in contrast with a lower development scenario with 7.3% annual GDP growth. Under the fast fertility decline assumption, the population will reach at 128 million, and in the slow decline scenario it will be 148 million. Under the fast fertility decline and high growth scenario, GDP per capita will reach around $1,400, allowing the country to join the middle income category in 2035. We conclude that the country might be able to achieve its middle-income development vision under the fast fertility decline scenario if GDP grows by more than 10% and accompanied by a massive family planning program and giving attention to quality social services, such as education, health care and women’s empowerment.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Central Statistical Authority (CSA). (1993). The 1990 National Family and Fertility Survey Report. Addis Ababa, Population Analysis and Studies Center.
Central Statistical Authority (CSA) and ORC Macro. (2001). Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey 2000. Addis Ababa and Calverton, Maryland, CSA and ORC Macro.
Central Statistical Agency (CSA) and ORC Macro. (2006). Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey 2005. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia and Calverton, Maryland, CSA and Macro.
Central Statistical Agency (2010). The 2007 Population and Housing Census of Ethiopia. National Statistical Report, Office of the Population Census Commission, Addis Ababa, July.
Federal Ministry of Health. (MoH) (2005). Health Sector Development Program III, 2005, Addis Ababa.
Federal Ministry of Health. (MoH) (2006). National Reproductive Health Strategy 2006–2015, Addis Ababa.
Federal Ministry of Health. (MoH) (2007). Health Extension Program in Ethiopia, PROFILE. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, Health Extension and Education Center.
Futures Institute (2010). Spectrum Version 3.45, Policy Modeling System, A System To Support Policy Development And Planning For Improved Health.
Ministry of Finance and Economic Development (MoFED). (2001). EFY, GDP update data http://www.mofed.gov.et/index, Last Updated on Tuesday, 12 January 2010.
Ministry of Finance and Economic Development (MoFED). (2006). Ethiopia: Building on Progress, A Plan for Accelerated and Sustained Development to End Poverty (PASDEP) (2005/2006–2009/2010).
National Bank of Ethiopia. (2008). Annual Report 2007.2008, Addis Ababa.
Stover, J., Heaton, L., and Ross, J., Futures Group. (2006). FamPlan, Version 4, A Computer Program for Projecting Family Planning Requirements, Spectrum System of Policy Models.
The Transitional Government of Ethiopia. (1993a). National Population Policy of Ethiopia, April 1993, Addis Ababa.
The Transitional Government of Ethiopia. (1993b). Health Policy of Ethiopia, 1993.
The Transitional Government of Ethiopia. (1995). The Constitution of The Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, 1995.
United Nations Development Programme. (UNDP) (2009). Human Development Report 2009.
Untied Nations, World Population Prospects. (2009). The 2008 Revision, Population Data Base. http://esa.un.org/unpp
USAID/Health Policy Initiative (HPI), 2009, Family Planning Effort Scores, Unpublished document.
World Bank. (2010). World Bank Development Indicators. http://publications.worldbank.org/. Accessed on March, 2010.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2011 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Tibebu, S. (2011). Population, Family Planning and Long-Term Development Goals: “Predicting an Unpredictable Future”. In: Teller, C. (eds) The Demographic Transition and Development in Africa. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-8918-2_14
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-8918-2_14
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-90-481-8917-5
Online ISBN: 978-90-481-8918-2
eBook Packages: Humanities, Social Sciences and LawSocial Sciences (R0)