Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

Plant Geography of Chile pp 129–150Cite as

Biogeographic Regionalization

  • Chapter
  • First Online:

  • 1400 Accesses

Part of the book series: Plant and Vegetation ((PAVE,volume 5))

Abstract

Biogeographic regionalization has been a main task from the beginnings of biogeography with the early works of Gottfried Treviranus, August P. de Candolle, or Frederick Schouw. Regionalization results in a hierarchy encompassing several categories like the realm, the region, the provinces, and so on. Comparison of available regionalization proposals for the Chilean territory is important but challenging, since each author puts the emphasis on a different level in this hierarchy. An independent exercise of regionalization is undertaken by the analysis of the endemic genera with the program NDM/VNDM. This yielded 3 areas of endemism located in Central Chile.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   189.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   249.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   249.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Notes

  1. 1.

    The faunistic regions date back to Sclater (1858) and Wallace (1876).

  2. 2.

    Compared with the description in Cabrera and Willink’s text, not the map!

References

  • Artigas J (1975) Introducción al estudio por computación de las areas zoogeográficas de Chile continental basado en la distribución de 903 especies terrestres. Gayana (Chile) 4:1–25

    Google Scholar 

  • Brundin L (1966) Transantarctic relationships and their significance, as evidenced by chironomid midges: with a monograph of the subfamilies Podonominae and Aphroteniinae and the austral Heptagyiae. K Sven Vetenskapsakad Handl 11:1–472

    Google Scholar 

  • Cabrera AL, Willink A (1973) Biogeografía de América Latina. Monografía 13. Serie de Biología. (2nd Revised edn 1980). Secretaría General de la Organización de los Estados Americanos, Washington, DC

    Google Scholar 

  • Carine MA, Humphries CJ, Guma R, Reyes-Betancort JA, Santos Guerra A (2009) Area and algorithms: evaluating numerical approaches for the delimitation of areas of endemism in the Cabary Islands archipelago. J Biogeogr 36:593–611

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Casagranda MD, Roig-Juñent S, Szumik C (2009) Endemismo a diferentes escalas espaciales: un ejemplo con Carabidae (Coleóptera: Insecta) de América del Sur austral. Rev Chil Hist Nat 82:17–42

    Google Scholar 

  • Christ H (1910) Die Geographie der Farne. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Jena

    Google Scholar 

  • Cox CB (2001) The biogeographic regions reconsidered. J Biogeogr 28:511–523

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cox CB, Moore PD (2005) Biogeography: an ecological and evolutionary approach, 7th edn. Blackwell Publishing, Oxford

    Google Scholar 

  • de Candolle A (1835) Introduction à l’étude de la Botanique I, II. Librairie Encyclopédique de Roret, Paris

    Google Scholar 

  • de Candolle A (1855) Géographie botanique raisonnée, 2. vol. Paris

    Google Scholar 

  • de Candolle, A-P (1820) Geographie botanique. In: Dictionnaire des sciences naturelles, XVIII. Flevrault, Strasbourg, pp 359–422

    Google Scholar 

  • Diels L (1908) Pflanzengeographie. Göschen’sche Verlagshandlung, Leipzig

    Google Scholar 

  • Drude O (1884) Die Florenreiche der Erde: Darstellung der gegenwärtigen Verbreitung sverhältnisse der Pflanzen: Ein Beitrag zur vergleichenden Erdkunde. Ergänzungsheft N° 74, Petermanns Mitteilungen, Gotha, Justus Perthes

    Google Scholar 

  • Drude O (1887) Atlas der Pflanzenverbreitung. Berghaus” Physikalischer Atlas, Abteilung V, Gotha, Justus Perthes

    Google Scholar 

  • Drude O (1890) Handbuch der pflanzengeographie. Bibliothek Geographischer Handbücher (ed. by F Ratzel). Verlag J. Engelhorn, Stuttgart

    Google Scholar 

  • Ebach MC, Goujet DF (2006) The first biogeographical map. J Biogeogr 33:761–769

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ebach MC, Morrone JJ, Parenti LR, Viloria AL (2008) International code of area nomenclature. J Biogeogr 35:1153–1157

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Eldredge N (1985) Unfinished synthesis: biological hierarchies and modern evolutionary thought. Oxford University Press, New York, NY

    Google Scholar 

  • Engels E-M (2005) Ethik in den biowissenschaften. In: Maring M, (ed) Ethisch-Philosophisches Grundlagenstudium 2. Ein Projektbuch. Münster, LIT Verlag, pp. 135–166

    Google Scholar 

  • Engler A (1879) Versuch einer Entwicklungsgeschichte der Pflanzenwelt, insbesondere der Florengebiete seit der Tertiärperiode. Vol 1. Die Extratropischen Gebiete der Nördlichen Hemisphäre. Verlag von W. Engelmann, Leipzig.

    Google Scholar 

  • Engler A (1882) Versuch einer Entwicklungsgeschichte der Pflanzenwelt, insbesondere der Florengebiete seit der Tertiärperiode. Vol. 2. Die Extratropischen Gebiete der Südlichen Hemisphäre und die Tropischen Gebiete. Verlag von W. Engelmann, Leipzig.

    Google Scholar 

  • Engler A (1899) Die Entwickelung der Pflanzengeographie in den letzten hundert Jahren und weitere Aufgaben derselben. (ed by Gesellschaft für Erdkunde zu Berlin) pp 1–247

    Google Scholar 

  • Escalante T (2009) Un ensayo sobre regionalización biogeográfica. Rev Mex Biodivers 80: 551–560

    Google Scholar 

  • Escalante T, Szumik C, Morrone JJ (2009) Areas of endemism of Mexican mammals: reanalysis applying the optimality criterion. Biol J Linn Soc 98:468–478

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Frey W, Lösch R (2004) Lehrbuch der Geobotanik, 2nd edn. Elsevier-Spektrum Akad. Verlag, Munich

    Google Scholar 

  • Godley EJ (1963) Contributions to the plant geography of southern Chile. Rev Univ (Chile) 48:31–39

    Google Scholar 

  • Goloboff P (2005) NDM/VNDM ver. 2.6. Programs for identification of areas of endemism. http://www.zmuc.dk/public/phylogeny/endemism

  • Good R (1947) The geography of the flowering plants. 4th edition 1974. Longman, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Grehan JR (2001) Panbiogeography from tracks to ocean basins: evolving perspectives. J Biogeogr 28:413–429

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Grisebach A (1872) Die vegetation der Erde nach ihrer klimatischen Anordnung: ein Abriss der vergleichenden Geographie der Pflanzen, 2 vols, 1st edn. Engelmann Verlag, Leipzig. (2d revised ed. 1884)

    Google Scholar 

  • Harold AS, Mooi RD (1994) Areas of endemism – definition and recognition criteria. Syst Biol 43:261–266

    Google Scholar 

  • Heads M (2004) What is a node? J Biogeogr 31:1883–1891

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Henríquez JM, Pisano E, Marticorena C (1995) Catálogo de la flora vascular de Magallanes (XII Región), Chile. An Inst Pat Ser Cs Nat (Chile) 23:5–30

    Google Scholar 

  • Hernández CE, Moreno RA, Rozbaczylo N (2005) Biogeographical patterns and Rapoport’s rule in southeastern Pacific benthic polychaetes of the Chilean coast. Ecography 28:363–373

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Huxley CR, Lock JM, Cutler DF, (eds) (1998) Chorology, taxonomy and ecology of the floras of Africa and Madagascar. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew

    Google Scholar 

  • Jagers op Akkerhuis GAJM (2008) Analysing hierarchy in the organization of biological and physical systems. Biol Rev 83:1–12

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Köppen W (1884) Die Wärmezonen der Erde, nach der Dauer der heissen, gemässigten and kaltern Zeit and nach der Wirkung der Wärme auf die organische Welt betrachtet. Meteor Z 1:215–226

    Google Scholar 

  • Linder HP (2001) On areas of endemism, with an example from the African Restionaceae. Syst Biol 50:892–912

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Llorente Bousquets J, Morrone JJ, (eds) (2005) Regionalización biogeográfica en Iberoamérica y tópicos afines. Las Prensas de Ciencias, Facultad de Ciencias, UNAM, México DF

    Google Scholar 

  • Lomolino MV, Riddle BR, Brown JH (2006) Biogeography, 3rd edn. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, MA

    Google Scholar 

  • Luebert F, Muñoz-Schick M, Moreira-Muñoz A (2002) Vegetación y Flora de La Campana. In: Elórtegui S, Moreira-Muñoz A, (eds) Parque Nacional La Campana: origen de una Reserva de la Biosfera en Chile Central. Taller La Era, Santiago

    Google Scholar 

  • Mackey B, Berry S, Brown T (2008) Reconciling approaches to biogeographical regionalization: a systematic and generic framework examined with a case study of the Australian continent. J Biogeogr 35:213–229

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Marticorena C, Matthei O, Rodríguez R, Arroyo MTK, Muñoz-Schick M, Squeo FA, Arancio G (1998) Catálogo de la Flora Vascular de la Segunda Región (Región de Antofagasta), Chile. Gayana Bot 55:23–83

    Google Scholar 

  • Marticorena C, Squeo FA, Arancio G, Muñoz-Schick M (2001) Catálogo de la flora vascular de la IV Región de Coquimbo. In: Squeo FA, Arancio G, Gutiérrez JR, (eds) Libro Rojo de la Flora Nativa y de los Sitios Prioritarios para su Conservación: Región de Coquimbo. Ediciones Universidad de La Serena, La Serena, pp 105–142

    Google Scholar 

  • Mattick F (1964) Übersicht über die Florenreiche und Florengebiete der Erde. In: Melchior H, (ed) A. Engler’s Syllabus der Pflanzenfamilien, vol. 2, 12th edn. Angiospermen, Gerbrüder Borntraeger, Berlin, pp 626–629

    Google Scholar 

  • McLaughlin SP (1992) Are floristic areas hierarchically arrange? J Biogeogr 19:21–32

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McLaughlin SP (1994) Floristic plant geography: the classification of floristic areas and floristic elements. Prog Phys Geogr 18:185–208

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McLaughlin SP (2007) Tundra to tropics: the floristic plant geography of North America. Sida Bot Misc 30:1–58. Botanical Research Institute of Texas

    Google Scholar 

  • Mennema J (1985) The first plant distribution map. Taxon 34:115–117

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Moreira-Muñoz A (2007) The Austral floristic realm revisited. J Biogeogr 34:1649–1660

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Morrone JJ (2001) Biogeografía de América Latina y el Caribe. Manuales y Tesis SEA 3, Zaragoza

    Google Scholar 

  • Morrone JJ (2002) Biogeographical regions under track and cladistic scrutiny. A comment on CB Cox (2001). J Biogeogr 29:149–152

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Morrone JJ (2006) Biogeographic areas and transition zones of Latin America and the Caribbean Islands based on panbiogeographic and cladistic analyses of the entomofauna. Annu Rev Entomol 51:467–494

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Morrone JJ, Katinas L, Crisci JV (1997) A cladistic biogeographic analysis of Central Chile. J Comp Biol 2:25–42

    Google Scholar 

  • Nelson G (1978) From Candolle to Croizat: comments on the history of biogeography. J Hist Biol 11:289–305

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nelson G, Platnick N (1981) Systematics and biogeography: Cladistics and vicariance. Columbia University Press, New York, NY

    Google Scholar 

  • Nihei SS (2006) Misconceptions about parsimony analysis of endemicity. J Biogeogr 33:2099–2106

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Proches S (2008) Three ways to split a continent. J Biogeogr 35:195–196

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Reiche C (1907) Grundzüge der Pflanzenverbreitung in Chile. In: Engler A, Drude O, (eds) Die Vegetation der Erde: Sammlung Pflanzengeographischer Monographien, vol. VIII. Verlag von V. Engelmann, Leipzig

    Google Scholar 

  • Ribichich AM (2002) El modelo clásico de la fitogeografía de Argentina: un análisis crítico. Interciencia 27:669–675

    Google Scholar 

  • Richter M (1997) Allgemeine Pflanzengeographie. Teubner Studienbücher der Geographie, Stuttgart

    Google Scholar 

  • Rosen BR (1988) From fossils to earth history: applied historical biogeography. In: Myers AA, Giller PS, (eds) Analytical biogeography. Chapman and Hall, London, pp 437–481

    Google Scholar 

  • Ruggiero A, Ezcurra C (2003) Regiones y transiciones biogeográficas: complementariedad de los análisis en biogeografía histórica y ecológica. In: Morrone JJ, Llorente J, (eds) Una perspectiva latinoamericana de la biogeografía. Las Prensas de Ciencias, UNAM, Mexico DF, pp 141–154

    Google Scholar 

  • Schmidt Jabaily R, Sytsma KJ (2010) Phylogenetics of Puya (Bromeliaceae): placement, major lineages, and evolution of Chilean species. Am J Bot 97:337–356

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schmithüsen J (1956) Die räumliche Ordnung der chilenischen Vegetation. Bonn Geogr Abh 17:1–86

    Google Scholar 

  • Schouw JF (1823) Grundzüge einer allgemeinen Pflanzengeographie (+ Atlas). Reimer, Berlin

    Google Scholar 

  • Schroeder F-G (1998) Lehrbuch der Pflanzengeographie. Quelle and Meyer, Wiesbaden

    Google Scholar 

  • Sclater PL (1858) On the general geographical distribution of the members of the class Aves. Zool J Linn Soc 2:130–145

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Skottsberg C (1910) Botanische Ergebnisse der schwedischen Expedition nach Patagonien unde dem Feuerlande 1907–1909. I. Übersicht über die wichtigsten Pflanzenformationen Südamerikas S von 41°, ihre geographische Verbreitung und Beziehungen zum Klima. K Sven Vetenskapakad Handl 46:1–28

    Google Scholar 

  • Skottsberg C (1916) Botanische Ergebnisse der schwedischen Expedition nach Patagonien und dem Feuerlande 1907–1909. V. Die Vegetationsverhältnisse längs der Cordillera de los Andes südlich von 41 Grad südlicher Breite. K Sven Vetenskapsakad Handl 56:1–366. Stockholm, Almqvist and Wiksell

    Google Scholar 

  • Stuessy TF (2006) Principles and practice of plant taxonomy. In: Leadlay E, Jury S, (eds) Taxonomy and plant conservation. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp 31–44

    Google Scholar 

  • Szumik CA, Cuezzo F, Goloboff P, Chalup AE (2002) An optimality criterion to determine areas of endemism. Syst Biol 51:806–816

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Szumik C, Goloboff P (2004) Areas of endemism: an improved optimality criterion. Syst Biol 53:968–977

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Takhtajan A (1961) The origin of angiospermous plants, 2nd edn. original Russian edition, Gos. izd. Vysšaja Škola, Moscow

    Google Scholar 

  • Takhtajan A (1986) Floristic regions of the world. University of California (translated from the original Russian edition 1978, Leningrad). Reprint (1988), B Singh, MP Singh, Dehra Dun, India

    Google Scholar 

  • Thiselton-Dyer WT (1909) Geographical distribution of plants. In: Seward AC (ed) Darwin and modern science. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp 298–318

    Google Scholar 

  • Treviranus GR (1803) Biologie, oder Philosophie der lebenden Natur. Röwer, Göttingen

    Google Scholar 

  • Wallace AR (1876) The geographical distribution of animals. Macmillan and Co, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Zunino M, Zullini A (2003) Biogeografía: la dimensión espacial de la evolución. Fondo de Cultura Económica, México. From the 1995 Italian edition

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Instituto de Geografia, Av. Vicuña Mackenna, 4860, Santiago, Chile

    Dr. Andrés Moreira-Muñoz

Authors
  1. Dr. Andrés Moreira-Muñoz
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Andrés Moreira-Muñoz .

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2011 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Moreira-Muñoz, A. (2011). Biogeographic Regionalization. In: Plant Geography of Chile. Plant and Vegetation, vol 5. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-8748-5_4

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation