Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Is Global Warming Involved in the Success of Seaweed Introductions in the Mediterranean Sea?

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Book cover Seaweeds and their Role in Globally Changing Environments

Part of the book series: Cellular Origin, Life in Extreme Habitats and Astrobiology ((COLE,volume 15))

Abstract

At least 106 species of seaweeds, i.e., multicellular photosynthetic organisms belonging to Rhodobionta and Viridiplantae (kingdom Plantae) and Phaeophyceae (kingdom Stramenopiles), have been introduced into the Mediterranean Sea. Since the beginning of the twentieth century, their number has more or less doubled every 20 years. Available data do not support the assumption that climate warming enhances biological invasions in the Mediterranean, at least in the case of the seaweeds. What matters most is the nature and the strength of the vector. From the 1970s, aquaculture took over from the Suez Canal as the main vector, resulting in a change in the donor region (Northern Pacific rather than Red Sea) and in the biogeographical origin of newly introduced species (cold-water rather than tropical). The alleged ‘aggressiveness’ of tropical introduced species, such as Caulerpa taxifolia and C. racemosa var. cylindracea, is because they are often seen as tropical origin, when they are actually native to temperate seas. Finally, the warming should advantage thermophilic introduced species, and at the same time, it could disadvantage cold water species. The overall amount of new introduced species and the overall dominance of introduced species might therefore be unchanged.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 299.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 379.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 379.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Andreakis, N., Procaccini, G., Maggs, C. and Kooistra, W.H.C.F. (2007) Phylogeography of the invasive seaweed Asparagopsis (Bonnemaisoniales, Rhodophyta) reveals cryptic diversity. Mol. Ecol. 16: 2285–2299.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Barnett, T.P., Pierce, D.W. and Schnur, R. (2001) Detection of anthropogenic climate change in the world’s ocean. Science 292: 270–274.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bellan, G., Bourcier, M., Salen-Picard, C., Arnoux, A. and Casserley, S. (1999) Benthic ecosystem changes associated with wastewater treatment at Marseille: implications for the protection and restoration of the Mediterranean shelf ecosystem. Water Environ. Res. 71(4): 483–493.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Benoit, G. and Comeau, A. (2005) A Sustainable Future for the Mediterranean: the Blue Plan’s Environment and Development Outlook. Earthscan publ., London. pp. 464.

    Google Scholar 

  • Berger, A. (1996) Modeling the last and next glacial–interglacial cycles. Tendances nouvelles pour l’environnement. Journées du Programme Environnement, Vie Sociétés, Paris, 15–17 Janvier 1996: 1–13.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bianchi, C.N. (2007) Biodiversity issues for the forthcoming tropical Mediterranean Sea. Hydrobiologia 580: 7–21.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bianchi, C.N. and Morri, C. (2004) Climate change and biological response in Mediterranean Sea ecosystems. Ocean Challenge 13(2): 32–36.

    Google Scholar 

  • Billups, K. (2005) Snow maker for the ice ages. Nature 433: 809–810.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Boudouresque, C.F. (1999a) Introduced species in the Mediterranean: routes, kinetics and consequences, In: Proceedings of the Workshop on Invasive Caulerpa Species in the Mediterranean. MAP Technical Reports Ser., UNEP, Athens, pp. 51–72.

    Google Scholar 

  • Boudouresque, C.F. (1999b) The Red Sea – Mediterranean link: unwanted effects of canals, In: O.T. Sandlund, P.J. Schei and A. Viken (eds.) Invasive Species and Biodiversity Management. Kluwer, Dordrecht, pp. 213–228.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Boudouresque, C.F. (2002a) The spread of a non native species, Caulerpa taxifolia. Impact on the Mediterranean biodiversity and possible economic consequences, In: F. Di Castri and V. Balaji (eds.) Tourism, Biodiversity and Information. Backhuis publ., Leiden, pp. 75–87.

    Google Scholar 

  • Boudouresque, C.F. (2002b) Protected marine species, prevention of species introduction and the national environmental agencies of Mediterranean countries: professionalism or amateurishness? In: Actes du congrès international “Environnement et identité en Méditerranée”, Corte, 3–5 July 2002, Université de Corse Pascal Paoli publ., pp. 75–85.

    Google Scholar 

  • Boudouresque, C.F. and Verlaque, M. (2002a) Biological pollution in the Mediterranean Sea: invasive versus introduced macrophytes. Mar. Poll. Bull. 44: 32–38.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Boudouresque, C.F. and Verlaque, M. (2002b) Assessing scale and impact of ship-transported alien macrophytes in the Mediterranean Sea, In: F. Briand (ed.) Alien Organisms Introduced by Ships in the Mediterranean and Black Seas. CIESM Workshop Monographs 20: 53–61.

    Google Scholar 

  • Boudouresque, C.F. and Verlaque, M. (2005) Nature conservation, Marine Protected Areas, sustainable development and the flow of invasive species to the Mediterranean Sea. Sci. Rep. Port-Cros Nation. Park 21: 29–54.

    Google Scholar 

  • Boudouresque, C.F., Meinesz, A., Ribera, M.A. and Ballesteros, E. (1995) Spread of the green alga Caulerpa taxifolia (Caulerpales, Chlorophyta) in the Mediterranean: possible consequences of a major ecological event. Scientia Mar. 59(supl. 1): 21–29.

    Google Scholar 

  • Boudouresque, C.F., Ruitton, S. and Verlaque, M. (2005) Large-scale disturbances, regime shift and recovery in littoral systems subject to biological invasions, In: V. Velikova and N. Chipev (eds.) Large-Scale Disturbances (Regime Shifts) and Recovery in Aquatic Ecosystems: Challenges for Management Towards Sustainability. Unesco publ, pp. 85–101.

    Google Scholar 

  • Boudouresque, C.F., Ruitton, S. and Verlaque, M. (2006) Anthropogenic impacts on marine vegetation in the Mediterranean, In: Proceedings of the Second Mediterranean Symposium on Marine Vegetation, Athens 12–13 December 2003. Regional Activity Centre for Specially Protected Areas publ., Tunis, pp. 34–54.

    Google Scholar 

  • Braun, H., Christl, M., Rahmstorf, S., Ganopolski, A., Mangini, A., Kubatzki, C., Roth, K. and Kromer, B. (2005) Possible solar origin of the 1,470-year glacial climate cycle demonstrated in a coupled model. Nature 438: 208–211.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Briand, F. (2007) (ed.) Impact of mariculture on coastal ecosystems. CIESM Workshop Monographs 32. pp. 118.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bright, C. (1998) Life Out of Bonds. Bioinvasion in a Borderless World. Norton W.W. & Company publ., New York, London, 288 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Buia, M.C., Gambi, M.C., Terlizzi, A. and Mazzella, L. (2001) Colonisation of Caulerpa racemosa along the southern Italian coast: I. Distribution, phenological variability and ecological role, In: V. Gravez, S. Ruitton, C.F. Boudouresque, L. Le Direac’h, A. Meinesz, G. Scabbia and M. Verlaque (eds.) Fourth International Workshop on Caulerpa taxifolia. GIS Posidonie publ., Marseilles. pp. 352–360.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cacho, I., Grimalt, J.O. and Canals, M. (2002) Response of the Western Mediterranean Sea to rapid climatic variability during the last 50,000 years: a molecular biomarker approach. J. Mar. Syst. 33–34: 253–272.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Carlton, J.T. (1993) Neoextinctions of marine invertebrates. Amer. Zool. 33: 499–509.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carlton, J.T. (1996) Biological invasions and cryptogenic species. Ecology 77(6): 1653–1655.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Carlton, J.T. and Geller, J.B. (1993) Ecological roulette: the global transport of nonindigenous marine organisms. Science 261: 78–82.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Clout, M. (1998) And now, the Homogocene. World Conserv. 97(4)–98(1): 3.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cohen, A.N. and Carlton, J.T. (1998) Accelerating invasion rate in a highly invaded estuary. Science 279: 555–558.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Conover, D.O. (2000) Darwinian fishery science. Mar. Ecol. Progr. Ser. 208: 303–307.

    Google Scholar 

  • Garidel-Thoron, T. de, Rosenthal, Y., Bassinot, F. and Beaufort, L. (2005) Stable sea surface temperatures in the western Pacific warm pool over the past 1.75 million years. Nature 433: 294–298.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • de Menocal, P., Ortis, J., Guilderson, T. and Sarnthein, M. (2000) Coherent high- and low-latitude climate variability during the Holocene warm period. Science 288: 2198–1202.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Djellouli, A. (2000) Caulerpa racemosa (Forskaal) J. Agardh en Tunisie, In: Actes du 1 er Symposium Méditerranéen sur la Végétation Marine, Ajaccio, 3–4 Oct. 2000. RAC-SPA publ., Tunis, pp. 124–127.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dobler, J.P. (2002) Analysis of shipping patterns in the Mediterranean and Black seas, In: F. Briand (ed.) Alien Organisms Introduced by Ships in the Mediterranean and Black Seas. CIESM Workshop Monographs 20, pp. 19–28.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dukes, J.S. and Mooney, H.A. (1999) Does global change increase the success of biological invaders? Trends Ecol. Evol. 14(4): 135–139.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Francour, P., Boudouresque, C.F., Harmelin, J.G., Harmelin-Vivien, M.L. and Quignard, J.P. (1994) Are the Mediterranean waters becoming warmer? Information from biological indicators. Mar. Poll. Bull. 28(9): 523–526.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Galil, B.S. (2008) Alien species in the Mediterranean Sea – Which, when, where, why? Hydrobiologia 606: 105–116.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Galil, B.S. (2009). Tacking stock: inventory of alien species in the Mediterranean Sea. Biol. Inv. 11: 359–372.

    Google Scholar 

  • Galil, B.S., Nehring, S. and Panov, V. (2007) Waterways as invasion highways – impact of climate change and globalization, In: W. Nentwig (ed.) Biological Invasions. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 59–74.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Goreau, T.J., Hayes, R.L. and McAllister, D. (2005) Regional patterns of sea surface temperature rise: implications for global ocean circulation change and the future of coral reefs and fisheries. World Resour. Rev. 17(3): 350–370.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gritti, E.S., Smith, B. and Sykes, M.T. (2006) Vulnerability of Mediterranean Basin ecosystems to climate change and invasion by exotic plant species. J. Biogeogr. 33: 145–157.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Grizel, H. and Héral, M. (1991) Introduction into France of the Japanese oyster (Crassostrea gigas). J. Cons. Int. Explor. Mer. 47: 399–403.

    Google Scholar 

  • Guiry, M.D. and Guiry, G.M. (2008) AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. http://www.algaebase.org; searched on 29 October 2008.

  • Hellmann, J.J., Byers, J.E., Birwagen, B.G. and Dukes, J.S. (2008) Five potential consequences of climate change for invasive species. Conserv. Biol. 22(3): 534–543.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jacobsen, S.B. (2003) How old is the planet Earth? Science 300: 1513–1514.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jørgensen, C., Enberg, K., Dunlop, E.S., Arlinghaus, R., Boukal, D.S., Brander, K., Ernande, B., Gårdmark, A., Johnston, F., Matsumura, S., Pardoe, H., Raab, K., Silva, A., Vainikka, A., Dieckmann, U., Heino, M. and Rijnsdorp, A.D. ( 2007) Managing evolving fish stocks. Science 318: 1247–1248.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jousson, O., Pawlowski, J., Zaninetti, L., Meinesz, A. and Boudouresque, C.F. (1998) Molecular evidence for the aquarium origin of the green alga Caulerpa taxifolia introduced to the Mediterranean Sea. Mar. Ecol. Progr. Ser. 172: 275–280.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jousson, O., Pawlowski, J., Zaninetti, L., Zechman, E.W., Dini, F., Di Guiseppe, G., Woodfield, R., Millar, A. and Meinesz, A. (2000) Invasive alga reaches California. Nature 408: 157–158.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kenchington, E., Heino, M. and Nielsen, E.E. (2003) Managing marine genetic diversity: time for action? ICES J. Mar. Sci. 60: 1172–1176.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kerr, R.A. (2006) A worrying trend of less ice, higher seas. Science 311: 1698–1701.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Law, R. (2000) Fishing, selection, and phenotypic evolution. ICES J. Mar. Sci. 57: 659–658.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Le Roy-Ladurie, E. (2004) Histoire Humaine et Comparée du Climat. Canicules et Glaciers, XIII°–XVIII° Siècles. Fayard publ., Paris, 740 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lecointre, G. and Le Guyader, H. (2006) Classification Phylogénétique du Vivant. Belin publ., Paris, pp. 559 + plates.

    Google Scholar 

  • Leipe, T., Dippner, J.W., Hille, S., Voss, M., Christiansen, C. and Bartholdy, J. (2008) Environmental changes in the central Baltic Sea during the past 1000 years: inferences from sedimentary records, hydrography and climate. Oceanologia 50(1): 23–41.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lûning, K. (1990) Seaweeds. Their Environment, Biogeography and Ecophysiology. Wiley, New York. pp. xiii + 527.

    Google Scholar 

  • Meinesz, A. and Hesse, B. (1991) Introduction et invasion de l’algue tropicale Caulerpa taxifolia en Méditerranée nord-occidentale. Oceanol. Acta 14(4): 415–426.

    Google Scholar 

  • Meinesz, A., Lefèvre, J.R. and Astier, J.M. (1991) Impact of coastal development on the infralittoral zone along the southern Mediterranean shore of continental France. Mar. Poll. Bull. 23: 343–347.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Meusnier, I., Olsen, J.L., Stam, W.T., Destombe, C. and Valero, M. (2001) Phylogenetic analyses of Caulerpa taxifolia (Chlorophyta) and of its associated bacterial microflora provide clues to the origin of the Mediterranean introduction. Mol. Ecol. 10(4): 931–946.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Moron, V. (2003) L’évolution séculaire des températures de surface de la Mer Méditerranée (1856–2000). C.R. Géoscience 335: 721–727.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Morri, C. and Bianchi, C.N. (2001) Recent changes in biodiversity in the Ligurian Sea (NW Mediterranean): is there a climatic forcing? In: F.M. Faranda, L. Guglielmo and G. Spezie (eds.) Mediterranean Ecosystems: Structures and Processes. Springer, Milan, pp. 375–384.

    Google Scholar 

  • Moses, C.S. and Bonem, R.M. (2001) Recent population dynamics of Diadema antillarum and Tripneustes ventricosus along the north coast of Jamaica, W.I. Bull. Mar. Sci. 68(2): 327–336.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ní Chualáin, F., Maggs, C.A., Saunders, G.W. and Guiry, M.D. (2004) The invasive genus Asparagopsis (Bonnemaisoniaceae, Rhodophyta): molecular systematic, morphology and ecophysiology of Falkenbergia isolates. J. Phycol. 40: 1112–1126.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nizamuddin, M. (1991) The Green Marine Algae of Lybia. Elga publ., Bern, pp. 227.

    Google Scholar 

  • Occhipinti-Ambrogi, A. (2007) Global change and marine communities: alien species and climate change. Mar. Poll. Bull. 55: 342–352.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Olenin, S. (2002) Black Sea – Baltic Sea invasion corridors, In: F. Briand (ed.) Alien Organisms Introduced by Ships in the Mediterranean and Black Seas. CIESM Workshop Monographs 20, pp. 29–33.

    Google Scholar 

  • Olsen, E.M., Heino, M., Lilly, G.R., Morgan, M.J., Brattey, J., Ernande, B. and Dieckmann, U. (2004) Maturation trends indicative of rapid evolution preceded the collapse of northern cod. Nature 428: 932–935.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Oreskes, N. (2004) The scientific consensus on climate change. Science 306: 1686.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Perez, T. (2008) Impact des Changements Climatiques sur la Biodiversité en Mer Méditerranée. CAR/ASP publ., Tunis, pp. 62.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pimentel, D., McNair, S., Janecka, J., Wightman, J., Simmonds, C., O’Connell, C., Wong, E., Russel, L., Zern, J., Aquino, T. and Tsomondo, T. (2001) Economic and environmental threats of alien plants, animal and microbe invasions. Agr. Ecosyst. Env. 84: 1–20.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Por, F.D. (1978) Lessepsian Migrations. The Influx of Red Sea Biota into the Mediterranean by Way of the Suez Canal. Springer, Berlin, pp. viii + 228.

    Google Scholar 

  • Por, F.D. (1989) The legacy of the Tethys. An Aquatic Biogeography of the Levant. Kluwer, Dordrecht, pp. viii + 214.

    Google Scholar 

  • Por, F.D. (1990) Lessepsian migrations. An appraisal and new data. Bull. Inst. Océanogr. NS 7: 1–10.

    Google Scholar 

  • Powles, H., Bradford, M.J., Bradford, R.G., Doubleday, W.G., Innes, S. and Levings, C.D. (2000) Assessing and protecting endangered marine species. ICES J. Mar. Sci. 57: 669–676.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Raffin, J.P., Platel, R., Meunier, F.J., Francillon-Vieillot, H., Godineau, J.C. and Ribier, J. (1991) Etude sur dix ans (1978–1988) de populations de Mollusques (Patella vulgata L. et Tellina tenuis Da Costa), après pollution pétrolière (Amoco Cadiz). Bull. Ecol. 22(3–4): 375–388.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ramos, A.A. (1992) Impact biologique et économique de la Réserve marine de Tabarca (Alicante, Sud-Est de l’Espagne), In: Economic Impact of the Mediterranean Coastal Protected Areas, Ajaccio, 26–28 Septembre 1991, Medpan News 3: 59–66.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ribera, M.A. and Boudouresque, C.F. (1995) Introduced marine plants, with special reference to macroalgae: mechanisms and impact, In: F.E. Round and D.J. Chapman (eds.) Progress in Phycological Research. Biopress, Bristol, 11, pp. 187–268.

    Google Scholar 

  • Roberts, C.M., Bohnsack, J.A., Gell, F., Hawkins, J.P. and Goodridge, R. (2001) Effects of marine reserve on adjacent fisheries. Science 294: 1920–1923.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Romano, J.C. and Lugrezi, M.C. (2007) Série du marégraphe de Marseille: mesures de temperatures de surface de la mer de 1885 à 1967. C.R. Geosciences 339: 57–64.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sachs, J.P. and Anderson, R.F. (2005) Increased productivity in the subantarctic ocean during Heinrich events. Nature 434: 1118–1121.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sala, E. and Knowlton, N. (2006) Global marine biodiversity trends. Annu. Rev. Environ. Resour. 31: 93–122.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Salat, J. and Pascual, J. (2002) The oceanographic and meteorological station at L’Estartit (NW Mediterranean). Tracking Long-Term Hydrological Change in the Mediterranean Sea, CIESM Workshop Series, 16, pp. 29–32.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schaffelke, B., Smith, J.E. and Hewitt, C.L. (2006) Introduced macroalgae – a growing concern. J. Appl. Phycol. 18: 529–541.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Soltan, D., Verlaque, M., Boudouresque, C.F. and Francour, P. (2001) Changes in macroalgal communities in the vicinity of a Mediterranean sewage outfall after the setting up of a treatment plant. Mar. Poll. Bull. 42(1): 59–70.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stott, P.A., Tett, S.F.B., Jones, G.S., Allen, M.R., Mitchell, J.F.B. and Jenkins, G.J. (2000) External control of 20th century temperature by natural and anthropogenic forcings. Science 290: 2133–2137.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tabeaud, M. (2002) Les variabilités historiques du climat en Europe. Biogeographica 78(4): 149–157.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tzedakis, P.C., Andrieu, V., Beaulieu, J.L. de, Crowhurst, S., Follieri, M., Hooghiemstra, H., Magri, D., Reille, M., Sadori, L., Shackleton, N.J. and Wijmstra, T.A. (1997) Comparison of terrestrial and marine records of changing climate of the last 500,000 years. Earth Plan. Sci. Lett. 150: 171–176.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Verlaque, M. (1994) Inventaire des plantes introduites en Méditerranée: origine et répercussions sur l’environnement et les activités humaines. Oceanol. Acta 17(1): 1–23.

    Google Scholar 

  • Verlaque, M. (2001) Checklist of the macroalgae of Thau Lagoon (Hérault, France), a hot spot of marine species introduction in Europe. Oceanologica Acta 24(1): 29–49.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Verlaque, M. and Boudouresque, C.F. (2004) Invasions biologiques marines et changement global, In: Actes des 2° Journées de l’Institut Français de la Biodiversité “Biodiversité et changement global, dynamique des Interactions”, Marseille, 25–28 Mai 2004, pp. 74–75.

    Google Scholar 

  • Verlaque, M., Boudouresque, C.F., Meinesz, A. and Gravez, M. (2000) The Caulerpa racemosa complex (Caulerpales, Ulvophyceae) in the Mediterranean Sea. Bot. Mar. 43: 49–68.

    Google Scholar 

  • Verlaque, M., Durand, C., Huisman, J.M., Boudouresque, C.F. and Le Parco, Y. (2003) On the identity and origin of the Mediterranean invasive Caulerpa racemosa (Caulerpales, Chlorophyta). Eur. J. Phycol. 38: 325–339.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Verlaque, M., Afonso-Carrillo, J., Gil-Rodriguez, M.C., Durand, C., Boudouresque, C.F. and Le Parco, Y. (2004) Blitzkrieg in a marine invasion: Caulerpa racemosa var. cylindracea (Bryopsidales, Chlorophyta) reaches the Canary Islands (NE Atlantic). Biol. Inv. 6: 269–281.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Verlaque, M., Boudouresque, C.F. and Mineur, F. (2007a) Oyster transfers as a vector for marine species introductions: a realistic approach based on the macrophytes, In: F. Briand (ed.) Impact of Mariculture on Coastal Ecosystems, CIESM Workshop Monographs 32, pp. 39–47.

    Google Scholar 

  • Verlaque, M., Ruitton, S., Mineur, F. and Boudouresque, C.F. (2007b) CIESM Atlas of exotic macrophytes in the Mediterranean Sea. Rapp. Comm. int. Mer Médit. 38: 14.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zenetos, A., Gofas, S., Russo, G. and Templado, J. (2003) In: F. Briand (ed.) CIESM Atlas of Exotic Species in the Mediterranean. Vol. 3. Molluscs. CIESM publ., Monaco, pp. 375.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zenetos, A., Meriç, E., Verlaque, M., Galli, P., Boudouresque, C.F., Giangrande, A., Çinar, M.E. and Bilecenogˇlu, M. (2008) Additions to the annotated list of marine alien biota in the Mediterranean with special emphasis on Foraminifera and parasites. Medit. Mar. Sci. 9(1): 119–165.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zibrowius, H. (1991) Ongoing modification of the Mediterranean marine fauna and flora by the establishment of exotic species. Mésogée 51: 83–107.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zwiers, F.W. and Weaver, A.J. (2000) The causes of 20th century warming. Science 290: 2081–2083.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center of Oceanology of Marseilles, Campus of Luminy, University of the Mediterranean, 13288, Marseilles, cedex 9, France

    Charles F. Boudouresque & Marc Verlaque

Authors
  1. Charles F. Boudouresque
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Marc Verlaque
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Charles F. Boudouresque .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of Jerusalem, Mevo Hadas 20, Efrat, 90435, Israel

    Joseph Seckbach

  2. Blue Ecosystems, Hagat Street 26, Zichron Yaakov, 30900, Israel

    Rachel Einav

  3. Limnological Research, Israel Oceanographic &, Haifa, Israel

    Alvaro Israel

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2010 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Boudouresque, C.F., Verlaque, M. (2010). Is Global Warming Involved in the Success of Seaweed Introductions in the Mediterranean Sea?. In: Seckbach, J., Einav, R., Israel, A. (eds) Seaweeds and their Role in Globally Changing Environments. Cellular Origin, Life in Extreme Habitats and Astrobiology, vol 15. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-8569-6_3

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation