Abstract
The IV Report of the Intergovernmental Panel of Climate Change (IPCC, 2007a, b) has concluded that the warming of the Earth is unequivocal as is now evident from observations of the increasing global air and ocean temperatures, the reduction of ice and snow in polar region and high mountains, and rising global average sea level. It is crucial to know the vulnerability and the ecosystem capacity of adaptation to climate change. Most of the studies are being conducted in land ecosystems and oceanic waters; meanwhile, it is necessary for a greater research effort in coastal waters, lakes, and lagoons. The IV-IPCC report defines the adaptation capacity as the capability of a system to adapt or adjust to climate change (including the climate variability and the climate extremes) to take the advantages of the opportunities or to carry the consequences. On the other hand, the vulnerability of the systems is the grade in which the systems are not capable of carrying the adverse effects of climate change. The vulnerability is a function of character, magnitude, and change rate of climate change, and also of the submitted environmental variations, the sensitivity, and capacity of adaptation of the ecosystems.
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Figueroa, F.L., Korbee, N. (2010). Interactive Effects of UV Radiation and Nutrients on Ecophysiology: Vulnerability and Adaptation to Climate Change. In: Seckbach, J., Einav, R., Israel, A. (eds) Seaweeds and their Role in Globally Changing Environments. Cellular Origin, Life in Extreme Habitats and Astrobiology, vol 15. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-8569-6_10
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