Abstract
In this chapter we describe the basic photochemical instrumentation, instrument components and consumables, which make up a general photochemical laboratory. We consider factors such as sample preparation, optical properties of the sample, and contributions from background interferences, which can all affect the data obtained. We discuss the different accessories available, to optimise or perform more complex measurements such as fluorescence anisotropy and quantum yields. We do not consider in detail the more expensive systems required for specialised experiments, which are discussed in Chap. 15, although we do describe the general principles of these methods. Finally, we describe a Photochemical Library, a reference to useful books, journals, organisations, websites, programs, and conferences for researchers in the field.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Armarego WLF, Chai CLL (2003) Purification of laboratory chemicals, 5th edn. Elsevier, New York
Reichart C (1994) Solvatochromic dyes as solvent polarity indicators. Chem Rev 94:2319–2358
Mendham J, Denney RC, Barnes JD, Thomas MJK (2000) Vogel’s quantitative chemical analysis, 6th edn. Pearson Education Ltd, UK
Skoog DA, West DM, Holler FJ, Crouch SR (2003) Fundamentals of analytical chemistry, 8th edn. Thomson Brooks/Cole, USA
www.starna.co.uk. Accessed 31 Aug 2012
Montalti M, Credi A, Prodi L, Gandolfi MT (2006) Handbook of photochemistry, 3rd edn. CRC Press, Boca Raton
Schott (www.schott.com) currently supply this type of illumination system for microscopy. Accessed 31 Aug 2012
www.uvp.com. Accessed 31 Aug 2012
Milonni PW, Eberly JH (2010) Laser physics. Wiley, New Jersey
Hollas JM (2004) Lasers and laser spectroscopy, Chapter 9, Modern spectroscopy, 4th edn. Wiley, UK
Suppliers include: Edmund optics. www.edmundoptics.eu. Accessed 19 June 2012; Acton optics and coatings. http://www.princetoninstruments.com/optics/. Accessed 19 June 2012
Semrock bandpass filters. http://www.semrock.com/sets.aspx. Accessed 19 June 2012; Newport optics. http://www.newport.com/optical-filters/. Accessed 19 June 2012
Calvert JG, Pitts JN (1966) Photochemistry. Wiley, New York Chapter 7
Jentof FC (2009) Ultraviolet-visible-near infrared spectroscopy in catalysis: theory, experiment, analysis and application under reaction conditions. In: Gates BC, Knözinger H (eds) Advances in catalysis, vol 52. Academic Press, Amsterdam
Savitzky A, Golay MJE (1964) Smoothing and differentiation of data by simplified least squares procedure. Anal Chem 36:1627–1639
Hamamatsu Opto-semiconductor handbook. http://jp.hamamatsu.com/sp/ssd/tech_handbook_en.html. Accessed 5 May 2012
Hamamatsu photomultiplier resource. http://sales.hamamatsu.com/assets/applications. -Accessed 5 May 2012
http://www.oceanoptics.com/products/spectrometers. Accessed 19 June 2012
Judd DB, Wyszecki G (1975) Color in business, science and industry. 3rd edn. Wiley, New York
Hunt RWG (1991) Measuring Colour. Ellis Horwood, Chichester
Talsky G (1994) Derivative spectrophotometry. VCH Publishers, New York
The thermo scientific NanoDrop fluorospectrometer. www.nanodrop.com. Accessed 31 Aug 2012
Thrush BA (2003) The genesis of flash photolysis. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2:453–454
Windsor MW (2003) Photochem Photobiol Sci 2:455–458 (Photochem Photobiol Sci 2003, volume 2, issue 5, is an issue in commemoration of George Porter)
Kahlow MA, Jarzęba W, DeBrull TP et al (1988) Ultrafast emission spectroscopy in the ultraviolet by time-gated upconversion. Rev Sci Instrum 59:1098–1109
The Cheaposcope. www.plantsci.cam.ac.uk/Haseloff/analysis/cheaposcope/index.html. Accessed 5 May 2012)
Valeur B (2001) Molecular fluorescence: principles and applications. Wiley, Weinheim
Denk W, Strickler JH, Webb WT (1990) Two-photon laser scanning fluorescence microscopy. Science 248:73–76
Diaspro A, Robello M (2000) Two-photon excitation of fluorescence for three-dimensional optical imaging of biological structures. J Photochem Photobiol B Biol 55:1–8
Hausteib E, Schwille P (2007) Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy. Novel variations of an established technique. Ann Rev Biophys Biomol Struct 36:151–169
Moerner WE, Fromm DP (2003) Methods of single-molecule fluorescence spectroscopy and microscopy. Rev Sci Instrum 74:3597–3619
Rasmussen A, Deckert V (2005) New dimension in nano-imaging: breaking through the diffraction limit with scanning near-field optical micrsocopy. Anal Bioanal Chem 381:165–172
Bates M, Huang B, Dempsey GT et al (2007) Multicolor super-resolution imaging with photo-switchable fluorescent probes. Science 317:1749–1753
Hell SW (2009) Microscopy and its focal switch. Nat Methods 6:24–32
www.laserlab-europe.eu. Accessed 5 May 2012
www.clf.rl.ac.uk. Accessed 5 May 2012
Demas JN, Crosby GA (1971) Measurement of photoluminescence quantum yields. J Phys Chem 75:991–1024
Rondeau RE (1966) Slush baths. J Chem Eng Data 11:124
www.gaussian.com. Accessed 5 May 2012
Foresman JB, Frisch A (1996) Exploring chemistry with electronic structure methods: A guide to using Gaussian, 2nd edn. Gaussian, Pittsburg
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2013 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Douglas, P., Evans, R.C., Burrows, H.D. (2013). The Photochemical Laboratory. In: Evans, R., Douglas, P., Burrow, H. (eds) Applied Photochemistry. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3830-2_14
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3830-2_14
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-90-481-3829-6
Online ISBN: 978-90-481-3830-2
eBook Packages: Chemistry and Materials ScienceChemistry and Material Science (R0)