Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Creative Evaluations for a Human Sustainable Planning

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Making Strategies in Spatial Planning

Part of the book series: Urban and Landscape Perspectives ((URBANLAND,volume 9))

Abstract

Evaluation should be conceived as having a relational nature, as a process based on interpretation and comparison and able to activate and develop relationships (among persons, among persons and their environment, etc.). Indeed, interpretation and comparison are key elements of critical thinking and therefore of cultural resilience. Creative evaluations combine hard and soft values, quantity and quality, specific interests and common good in innovative way. This is the fundamental characteristic of creative actions/projects/plans.

All over the world conflicts are more and more concentrated in places with high symbolic, cultural, social, spiritual, and environmental values and characterised by economic pressures and interests. New towers or malls are planned to be built near (or into) city centres or in coastal areas, generating strong conflicts between economic and non-economic interests/values.

This chapter focuses on tangible and intangible values and on possible ways to manage these values in order to improve choices in planning, avoiding damages on socio-cultural heritage, environmental heritage, intangible heritage and so on. How can we manage soft and hard values? How can we compare benefits produced by buildings with costs associated to negative changes in urban landscape? Can economic evaluation of urban landscape balance the economic impact of its transformation? Some answers are explored, considering both technical/positivistic and social/constructivist approaches.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Ache, P. (2000). Vision and creativity. Challenge for city regions. Futures, 32(5), 435–449.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Albrechts, L. (2005). Creativity as a drive for change. Planning Theory, 4(3), 247–269.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Coccossis, H., & Nijkamp, P. (Eds.). (1995). Sustainable tourism development. Aldershot: Ashgate.

    Google Scholar 

  • Copeland, T., & Delmaire, Y. (2004). Heritage interpretation in the framework of the European heritage days. Report on the training course 2003 for European heritage days co-ordinators. Council of Europe, Strasbourg.

    Google Scholar 

  • de Botton, A. (2008). Architettura e Felicità. Milano: Guanda.

    Google Scholar 

  • Frey, B., & Stutzer, A. (2002). Happiness and economics: How the economy and institutions affect well-being. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fusco Girard, L. (1987). Risorse Architettoniche e Culturali: Valutazioni e Strategie di Conservazione. Milano: FrancoAngeli.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fusco Girard, L. (2007). Urban system and strategic planning: Towards a wisdom shaped management. In Y. Shi, D. L. Olson, & A. Stam (Eds.), Knowledge and wisdom: Advances in multiple criteria decision-making and human systems management (pp. 316–340). Amsterdam: IOS Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fusco Girard, L., Cerreta, M., De Toro, P., & Forte, F. (2007). The human sustainable city: Values, approaches and evaluative tools. In M. Deakin, G. Mitchell, P. Nijkamp, & R. Vreeker (Eds.), Sustainable urban development. Volume 2. The environmental assessment methods (pp. 65–93). Abingdon: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fusco Girard, L., & Nijkamp, P. (1997). Le Valutazioni Integrate per lo Sviluppo Sostenibile della Città e del Territorio. Milano: FrancoAngeli.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fusco Girard, L., & Nijkamp, P. (2004). Energia, Bellezza e Partecipazione: la Sfida della Sostenibilità. Valutazioni Integrate tra Conservazione e Sviluppo. Milano: FrancoAngeli.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fusco Girard L., & Nijkamp P. (Eds.). (2009). Cultural tourism and sustainable local development. Aldershot: Ashgate.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hall, P. (2004). Creative, culture, knowledge and the city. Built Environment, 30(3), 256–258.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Healey, P. (2002). On creating the “city” as a collective resource. Urban Studies, 39(10), 1777–1792.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Herbert D. T., Prentice R. P., & Thomas C. J. (Eds.). (1989). Heritage sites: Strategies for marketing and development. Aldershot: Avebury.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kunzmann, K. R. (2004). Culture, creativity and spatial planning. Town Planning Review, 75(4), 383–404.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kunzmann, K. R. (2005). Creativity in planning: A fuzzy concept? disP, 162(2), 5–13.

    Google Scholar 

  • Landry, C. (2000). The creative city: A toolkit for urban innovators. London: Earthscan.

    Google Scholar 

  • Landry, C. (2006). The art of city making. London: Earthscan.

    Google Scholar 

  • Layard, R. (2005). Happiness: Lessons from a new science. London: Allen Lane.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lichfield, N. (1996). Community impact evaluation. London: UCL Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mason, R. (2002). Assessing values in conservation planning: Methodological issues and choices. In M. De La Torre (Ed.), Assessing values of cultural heritage. Los Angeles, CA: GCI.

    Google Scholar 

  • McHarg, I. L. (1969). Design with nature. Garden City: The Natural History Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nijkamp, P. (1989) Quantity and quality: Evaluation indicators for our cultural-architectural heritage. Serie Research Memoranda 0046, VU University Amsterdam, Faculty of Economics, Business Administration and Econometrics, pp. 1–41.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nijkamp P., Button K., Baycan Levent T., & Batey P. (Eds.). (2008). Urban planning. Cheltenham Glos: Edward Elgar Publishing.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nijkamp, P., & Giaoutzi, M. (2006). Tourism and regional development. New pathways. Aldershot: Ashgate.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nijkamp, P., & Reggiani, A. (2009). Complexity and spatial networks: In search of simplicity. Berlin: Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nijkamp, P., Rietveld, P., & Voogd, H. (1990). Multi-criteria evaluation for physical planning. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science.

    Google Scholar 

  • Norberg Schulz, C. (1979). Genius Loci. Paesaggio Ambiente Architettura. Milano: Mondadori Electa.

    Google Scholar 

  • Prentice, R., & Cunnell, D. (1997). Response to interpretative media as a basis of multivariate market segmentation for museums and heritage centres: The case example of the people’s story, Edinburgh. Museum Management and Curatorship, 16(3), 233–256.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ruskin, J. (1849). The seven lamps of architecture. Italian translation Le Sette Lampade dell’Architettura (1982). Milano: Jaca Book.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sartorio, F. S. (2005). Strategic spatial planning: A historical review of approaches, its recent revival, and an overview of the state of the art. disP, 162(3), 26–40.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sen, A. (2002). Rationality and freedom. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Belknap Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Soleri, P. (2006). Paesaggi Tridimensionali. Venezia: Marsilio.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stein, U. (2005). Planning with all your senses. Learning to cooperate on a regional scale. disP, 162(3), 62–69.

    Google Scholar 

  • UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization). (2003, October 17). Convention for the safeguarding of the intangible cultural heritage. Paris: UNESCO.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vv.Aa. (2009) ISAAC. Integrated e-services for advanced access to heritage in cultural tourist destinations. Six Framework Programme, Commission of the European Communities, Information Society and Media Directorate-General, http://www.isaac-project.eu.

  • Zeleny, M. (2005). Human systems management: HSM, integrating knowledge, management and systems. London: World Scientific Publishing Company.

    Book  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Conservation of Architectural and Environmental Heritage, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, 80132, Italy

    Luigi Fusco Girard

Authors
  1. Luigi Fusco Girard
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Luigi Fusco Girard .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Dipto. Conservazione dei Beni, Architettonici e Ambientali, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Roma 402, Napoli, 80132, Italy

    Maria Cerreta

  2. Fac. Architettura, Dipto. Architettura e Pianificazione, Politecnico di Milano, Via Bonardi 3, Milano, 20133, Italy

    Grazia Concilio

  3. , Department of Architecture and Town Plan, Polytechnic of Bari, Via Orabona 4, Bari, 70125, Italy

    Valeria Monno

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2010 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Girard, L.F. (2010). Creative Evaluations for a Human Sustainable Planning. In: Cerreta, M., Concilio, G., Monno, V. (eds) Making Strategies in Spatial Planning. Urban and Landscape Perspectives, vol 9. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3106-8_17

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation