Abstract
There are many water areas in Japan where the quality standards for closed waters are not met. Eutrophication and its damages in closed waters, such as red tide and water bloom, are still serious [1].
In order to achieve the environmental water quality standards for closed waters, various measures have been implemented in Japan. For example, the Comprehensive Basin-wide Plans for Sewerage Works (CBPSW) are required to be drawn up when determining the amount of works and the treatment levels for satisfying the standards, which involves estimating the amount of pollutants that flow from the land into the water [2]. However, there is little available data on the effects of pollutants from non-point sources, and thus plans should be drawn up based on rough assumptions.
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References
Ministry of Environment (2003) Quality of the Environment in Japan 2003, http://www.env.go.jp/policy/hakusyo_e/hakusyo.php3?kid = 221
Japan Sewerage Works Association (1999) Guideline and Commentary on Comprehensive Basin-wide Planning of Sewerage Works (in Japanese)
Lee Jun Ho, Bang Ki Woong (2000) Characterization of urban stormwater runoff. Water Research. 34:1773–1780
Kayhanian M, Stransky C, Bay S, Lau S-L, Stenstrom MK (2008) Toxicity of urban highway runoff with respect to storm duration. Science of the Total Environment. 39:386–406
Public Works Research Institute (1975) (in Japanese)
Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport, Japan Institute of Wastewater Engineering Institute (2002) Tentative Guideline on Urban Nonpoint Pollution Control. (in Japanese)
Acknowledgements
The authors express their gratitude to the cooperating staff of municipalities in the field survey for miscellaneous supports.
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© 2009 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.
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Tamoto, N., Matsui, T., Sakakibara, T. (2009). Potential of Road Surface for a Non-point Source of Pollutants – Result of Nationwide Survey in Japan. In: Rauch, S., Morrison, G., Monzón, A. (eds) Highway and Urban Environment. Alliance for Global Sustainability Bookseries, vol 17. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3043-6_28
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3043-6_28
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