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Toll-Like Receptors and Infectious Diseases: Role of Heat Shock Proteins

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Book cover Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Heat Shock Proteins in Infectious Disease

Part of the book series: Heat Shock Proteins ((HESP,volume 4))

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Abstract

The innate immune system is the primary line of defence against invading pathogenic microbes. Toll like receptors (TLR) are a family of membrane receptors which play a pivotal role in sensing a wide range of invading pathogens including bacteria, fungi and viruses and enable host to recognize a large number of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMP) such as bacterial lipopolysaccharides, viral RNA, CPG-containing DNA, and flagellin, among others. TLR mediate responses to host molecules, including defensin, ROS, HMGB 1 (high-mobility group box protein 1), surfactant protein A, fibrinogen, breakdown products of tissue matrix, eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (EDN) and heat shock proteins (HSP). Dysregulation of TLR signaling is linked with a number of disease conditions. In this review, we focus on the evidence provided to date to explain the role of TLR in host defense against microbial pathogens. The relationship between heat shock proteins (HSP) and Toll-like receptors (TLR) has only just begun to be elucidated. This chapter highlights the role of TLR1-11 in infectious diseases and discusses the emerging role of HSP and TLR in this process.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank the Scott & White Proteomics Core Facility. This work was supported in part by the National Institute of Health grant RO1CA91889 and Institutional support from the Department of Pathology Scott & White Memorial Hospital and Clinic, the Texas A&M Health Science Center, College of Medicine, the Central Texas Veterans Health Administration and an Endowment from the Cain Foundation.

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  1. Division of Investigative Pathology, Scott & White Memorial Hospital and Clinic and Texas A&M Health Science Center, College of Medicine, 76504, Temple, TX, USA

    Punit Kaur

  2. Division of Investigative Pathology, Scott & White Clinic and The Texas A&M Health Science Center, College of Medicine, 76504, Temple, TX, USA

    Alexzander Asea

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  1. Punit Kaur
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Correspondence to Alexzander Asea .

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  1. School of Medicine & Biomedical Science, University of Sheffield, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield, S10 2RX, United Kingdom

    A. Graham Pockley

  2. Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Burlington Avenue 21-27, Boston, 02215, U.S.A.

    Stuart K. Calderwood

  3. Dipto. Biologia, Università di Roma, Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, Roma, 00133, Italy

    M. Gabriella Santoro

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Kaur, P., Asea, A. (2009). Toll-Like Receptors and Infectious Diseases: Role of Heat Shock Proteins. In: Pockley, A., Calderwood, S., Santoro, M. (eds) Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Heat Shock Proteins in Infectious Disease. Heat Shock Proteins, vol 4. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-2976-8_8

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