Principal Formation Model of Deep Fluids in Petroliferous Basins

Abstract

The main peculiarities in the formation of deep subsurface fluids in artesian basins of platform demonstrate that

• (1) peripheral parts of petroliferous basins (“regional recharge areas”) provide no influence on the formation of deep fluid in the zone of very slow water exchange (Chapter 7, Chapter 9, and Chapter 10);

• (2) fluidodynamic conditions in the zone of very slow water exchange are characterized by the stratum-block structure (even though the displacement of rocks along fractures is unobservable) with restricted or zero fluidodynamic relationships between each other (Chapters Chapter 7–Chapter 10);

• (3) deep layers of the sedimentary cover in platforms and depressions are characterized by intermittent, largely vertical, ascending migration of fluids that leave traces in the form of secondary minerals and various anomalies and are responsible for distinct heterogeneity in filtration and capacity properties of reservoirs and intervenient sequences;

• (4) variability in the chemical and gas composition of fluids at relatively short distances indicates nonequilibrium state of hydrogeodynamic systems, which is evident from the development of abnormally high formation pressures and strong lateral and vertical differentiation of pressure fields;

• (5) released waters passing into the free state at all the catagenetic stages play insignificant role in the formation of fields of deep fluid formation pressures.