Abstract
A covariant evolution operator (CEO) can be constructed, representing the time evolution of the relativistic wave unction or state vector. Like the nonrelativistic version, it contains (quasi-)singularities. The regular part is referred to as the Green’s operator (GO), which is the operator analogue of the Green’s function (GF). This operator, which is a field-theoretical concept, is closely related to the many-body wave operator and effective Hamiltonian, and it is the basic tool for our unified theory. The GO leads, when the perturbation is carried to all orders, to the Bethe–Salpeter equation (BSE) in the equal-time or effective-potential approximation. When relaxing the equal-time restriction, the procedure is fully compatible with the exact BSE. The calculations are performed in the photonic Fock space, where the number of photons is no longer constant. The procedure has been applied to helium-like ions, and the results agree well with S-matrix results in cases when comparison can be performed. In addition, evaluation of higher-order quantum-electrodynamical (QED) correlational effects has been performed, and the effects are found to be quite significant for light and medium-heavy ions.
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Lindgren, I., Salomonson, S., Hedendahl, D. (2009). Relativistically Covariant Many-Body Perturbation Procedure. In: Piecuch, P., Maruani, J., Delgado-Barrio, G., Wilson, S. (eds) Advances in the Theory of Atomic and Molecular Systems. Progress in Theoretical Chemistry and Physics, vol 19. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-2596-8_6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-2596-8_6
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