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Gezin en afwijkende ontwikkeling

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Handboek klinische ontwikkelingspsychologie

Gezinsfactoren en hun interacties

Zowel in de klinische praktijk als in wetenschappelijk onderzoek wordt het gezin vaak gezien als het meest belangrijke aspect van de sociale omgeving. Vertrekkend vanuit het ecologisch transactioneel model worden vier typen gezinsfactoren onderscheiden: proximale (opvoedingsgedrag en alledaagse interacties tussen de ouders en het kind), distale (persoonlijkheidskenmerken en psychopathologie van de ouder), contextuele (de relatie tussen beide ouders en het functioneren van het gezin als geheel) en globale factoren (structurele kenmerken van het gezin, zoals sociaaleconomische status of etniciteit). In dit hoofdstuk wordt beschreven hoe complexe interacties tussen deze uiteenlopende gezinsfactoren kunnen leiden tot het ontstaan en voortbestaan van psychopathologie bij kinderen en adolescenten. Er wordt ook aandacht besteed aan de bijdrage van het kind zelf, aan de verschillen tussen kinderen in de gevoeligheid voor omgevingsfactoren en aan de wederzijde beïnvloeding tussen de ouders en kinderen. Het hoofdstuk eindigt met de bespreking van de rol van deze gezinsfactoren in de diagnostiek en hulpverlening.

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Deković, M., Prinzie, P. (2014). Gezin en afwijkende ontwikkeling. In: Prins, p., Braet, p. (eds) Handboek klinische ontwikkelingspsychologie. Bohn Stafleu van Loghum, Houten. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-368-0495-0_6

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