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13 Obesitas

  • Chapter
Psychologie en geneeskunde

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Samenvatting

Sinds 2000 beschouwt de World Health Organization obesitas als een chronische ziekte, een zienswijze die in de Nederlandse richtlijnen voor obesitas is overgenomen: ‘Obesitas is een chronische ziekte waarbij een zodanige overmatige vetstapeling in het lichaam bestaat, dat dit aanleiding geeft tot gezondheidsrisico’s’ (CBO, 2008). De term is afgeleid van het Latijnse ‘obesus’ (Barnett, 2005) en is het beste te vertalen als vet of gezwollen. Obesitas heeft een hoog morbiditeits- en mortaliteitsrisico (Faeh, Braun, Tarnutzer & Bopp, 2011). Vooral jonge mensen lopen gevaar: hoe zwaarder, des te korter de levensverwachting. Bij een Body Mass Index (BMI; zie paragraaf 13.2) van 30 is het overlijdensrisico in vergelijking met een normale BMI nog nihil, maar de levensverwachting zakt met bijna twintig jaar als de BMI op die leeftijd 45 bedraagt (Fontaine, Redden, Wang, Westfall & Allison, 2003). Veelvoorkomende klachten die nauw verbonden zijn met ernstig overgewicht zijn type-2-diabetes, hypertensie, galstenen, artrose, leververvetting, jicht, menstruatiestoornissen, verminderde fertiliteit, cardio- en cerebrovasculaire complicaties, kanker, slaapapneu, longproblemen en gastro-oesofageale reflux (Seidell, De Beer & Kuipers, 2008).

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Literatuur

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Graan voor Visch 19924, 2132, WR Hoofddorp, The Netherlands

    P.J. Daansen

  2. VU, Ontwikkelingspsychologie - k. 3B-61, van der Boechorststraat 1, 1081, BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    J.D. Bosch

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  1. P.J. Daansen
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  1. Rapenburg 107, 2311, GL LEIDEN, The Netherlands

    A.A. Kaptein

  2. A. van Schendelstraat 59, 3511, MA Utrecht, The Netherlands

    J. Dekker

  3. De Kempenaerstraat 165, 1051, CM Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    E.M.A. Smets

  4. Luchthavenlaan 60, 5042, TE Tilburg, The Netherlands

    A.J.J.M. Vingerhoets

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Daansen, P., Bosch, J. (2012). 13 Obesitas. In: Kaptein, A., Dekker, J., Smets, E., Vingerhoets, A. (eds) Psychologie en geneeskunde. Bohn Stafleu van Loghum, Houten. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-313-9890-4_13

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-313-9890-4_13

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